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Pathology Ch 18 - Liver and Biliary Tract > Pathology Ch 20 and 21 LUT, Male, and Female Genital System > Flashcards

Pathology Ch 20 and 21 LUT, Male, and Female Genital System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in infants and children?

A

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (TOPNOTCH)

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2
Q

Fiery red appearance of the cervix is associated with what type of infection?

A

Strawberry cervix is associated with T. vaginalis infection (TOPNOTCH)

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3
Q

Approximately 70% of prostate carcinoma will arise in what zone of the gland?

A

Peripheral zone ( posterior location) (TOPNOTCH)

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4
Q

What is the best known grading system for Prostate Carcinoma?

A

Gleason System (TOPNOTCH)

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5
Q

Morphology: hallmark is nodularity due to glandular proliferation or dilation and to fibrous or muscular proliferation of the stroma

A

BPH (TOPNOTCH)

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6
Q

Nodular hyperplasia of the prostate originates almost exclusively in what zone of the gland?

A

Transition zone (TOPNOTCH)

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7
Q

Morphology: appear as minute, disseminated abscesses or diffuse edema, congestion, and boggy suppuration of the entire prostate

A

Acute prostatitis (TOPNOTCH)

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8
Q

Morphology: aggregation of numerous lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages as well as neutrophils within the prostatic substance

A

Chronic prostatitis (TOPNOTCH)

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9
Q

Morphology: tumor cells are arranged in distinctive trabeculae with a tendency to form cordlike structures resembling immature seminiferous tubules

A

Sertoli Cell Tumors or Androblastoma (TOPNOTCH)

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10
Q

Morphology: rod shaped crystalloids of Reinke

A

Leydig/Interstitial Cell Tumors (TOPNOTCH)

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11
Q

What is the most common form of testicular neoplasm in men over the age of 60?

A

Testicular Lymphoma (TOPNOTCH)

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12
Q

Morphology: disorganized collection of lands, cartilage, smooth muscle, and immature stroma

A

Teratoma of the testes (TOPNOTCH)

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13
Q

What do you call the structures resembling endodermal sinuses that may be seen in Yolk Sac Tumor?

A

Schiller Duval Bodies (TOPNOTCH)

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14
Q

Morphology: reveals large cells with distinct cell borders, pale nuclei, clear or watery appearing cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli, and a sparse lymphocytic infiltrate

A

Seminona (TOPNOTCH)

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15
Q

Within how many hours should the testes be explored surgically and untwisted manually so the testes will be viable after a testicular torsion?

A

(TOPNOTCH) Within 6 hours

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16
Q

Morphology: clear vacuolization of the prickle cells

A

Condylomata acuminatum (koilocytosis) (TOPNOTCH)

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17
Q

What HPV DNA type is found in approximately 80% of Bowen Disease and bowenoid papulosis?

A

HPV Type 16 (TOPNOTCH)

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18
Q

What type of bladder cancer is associated with long standing schistosomiasis?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (TOPNOTCH)

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19
Q

In bladder carcinoma, the major decrease in survival is associated with tumor invading what layer of the bladder?

A

Muscularis propria (detrussor muscle) (TOPNOTCH)

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20
Q

Morphology: large macrophages with granular PAS positive cytoplasm and several dense, round Michaelis Gutmann bodies.

A

Malacoplakia (TOPNOTCH)

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21
Q

In gonococcal infection of the female reproductive system, inflammatory changes will appear about how many days after the inoculation of the organism?

A

2-7 days (TOPNOTCH)

22
Q

These cells are distinguised by a clear separation “halo” from the surrounding epithelial cells and a finely granular cytoplasm containing mucopolysaccharide that stains with PAS, Alcian Blue, and Mucicarmine

A

Paget cells (TOPNOTCH)

23
Q

What is the probable precursor of vaginal adenocarcinoma?

A

Vaginal adenosis (TOPNOTCH)

24
Q

What do you call the glandlike structures filled with an acidophilic material similar to immature follicles that are seen in Granulosa Theca Cell tumors?

A

Call Exner bodies (TOPNOTCH)

25
Q

Presence of these structures characterize serous tumors of the ovaries

A

Psammoma bodies (TOPNOTCH)

26
Q

These tumors are distinguished from serous and mucinous tumors of the ovaries by the presence of tubular glands that resemble the endometrium

A

Endometriod tumor (TOPNOTCH)

27
Q

Morphology: whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles and well differentiated spindle shaped smooth muscle cells

A

Leiomyoma (TOPNOTCH)

28
Q

A key factor in the development of endometrial hyperplasia and related cancers is the inactivation of what tumor suppressor gene?

A

PTEN (TOPNOTCH)

29
Q

What is the most common location of vaginal adenocarcinoma?

A

Anterior wall of the upper third of Vagina (TOPNOTCH)

30
Q

This is a condition in which glandular columnar epithelium of mullerian type either appears beneath the squamous epithelium or replaces it

A

Vaginal Adenosis (TOPNOTCH)

31
Q

What are the 4 cardinal histologic features of Lichen Sclerosus of the Vulva or Chronic atrophic vulvitis?

A

Atrophy of the epidermis with disappearance, of the rete pegs, hydrophic degeneration of the basal cells, replacement of the underlying dermis by dense collagenous fibrous tissue, and monoclonal band like lymphocytic infiltrate (TOPNOTCH)

32
Q

Morphology: acanthosis of the vulvar squamous epithelium frequently with hyperkeratosis

A

Lichen SImplex Chronicles (TOPNOTCH)

33
Q

Morphology: presence of large tumor cells lying singly or in small lusters within the epidermis and its appendages

A

Extra mammary Paget Disease (TOPNOTCH)

34
Q

Morphology: tumor cells resemble tennis racket with small protrusions of cytoplasms from one end

A

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma (TOPNOTCH)

35
Q

Clustering of tumor cells in a so called “Cambium Layer” is seen in what type of rhabdomyosarcoma?

A

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma (TOPNOTCH)

36
Q

On histological examination of the cervix, epithelial spongiosis is associated with what type of infection?

A

T. vaginal infection (TOPNOTCH)

37
Q

On histological examination of the cervix, epithelial ulcers with intranuclear inclusions within the epithelial cells and lymphocytic infiltration is associated with what type of infection?

A

HSV (TOPNOTCH)

38
Q

Morphology: these are composed of dense fibrous stroma covered with endocervical columnar epithelium

A

Endocervical polyp (TOPNOTCH)

39
Q

What is considered the most important agent in cervical oncogenesis?

A

HPV (TOPNOTCH)

40
Q

Koilocytic atypia is considered what type of CIN lesion?

A

CIN I (TOPNOTCH)

41
Q

What is the most common pattern seen in invasive cervical carcinoma?

A

Fungating (TOPNOTCH)

42
Q

On histological examination of the endometrium, what is the earliest morphological evidence of ovulation?

A

Basal vacuolation (TOPNOTCH)

43
Q

Morphology: ectopic endometrial glands and stroma with numerous macrophages containing hemosiderin

A

Endometriosis (TOPNOTCH)

44
Q

Morphology: hydrophic swelling of most chorionic villi and virtual absence or inadequate development of vascularization of villi

A

Complete mole (TOPNOTCH)

45
Q

The combination of ovarian tumor, hydrothorax, and ascites is designated as

A

Meigs Syndrome (TOPNOTCH)

46
Q

What type of ovarian cancer is best considered as the counterpart of the seminoma of the testes?

A

Dysgerminoma (TOPNOTCH)

47
Q

About 1% of the dermoids undergo malignant transformation of any one of the component elements present, but most commonly, they differentiate into what type of carcinoma?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (TOPNOTCH)

48
Q

Morphology: epithelial component consists of nests of transitional cells resembling the lining of the urinary bladder

A

Brenner Tumor (TOPNOTCH)

49
Q

Morphology: characterized by a lining of tall columnar epithelial cells with apical mucin and the absence of cilia, resembling cervical or intestinal epithelium

A

Mucinous tumors (TOPNOTCH)

50
Q

Morphology: lined by a rim of bright yellow luteal tissue containing luteinized granulosa cells

A

Luetal cyst (TOPNOTCH)

Pathology Ch 18 - Liver and Biliary Tract (11 decks)

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