Pathology Ch 20 and 21 LUT, Male, and Female Genital System

Question 1

What is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in infants and children?

Answer 1

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (TOPNOTCH)

Question 2

Fiery red appearance of the cervix is associated with what type of infection?

Answer 2

Strawberry cervix is associated with T. vaginalis infection (TOPNOTCH)

Question 3

Approximately 70% of prostate carcinoma will arise in what zone of the gland?

Answer 3

Peripheral zone ( posterior location) (TOPNOTCH)

Question 4

What is the best known grading system for Prostate Carcinoma?

Answer 4

Gleason System (TOPNOTCH)

Question 5

Morphology: hallmark is nodularity due to glandular proliferation or dilation and to fibrous or muscular proliferation of the stroma

Answer 5

BPH (TOPNOTCH)

Question 6

Nodular hyperplasia of the prostate originates almost exclusively in what zone of the gland?

Answer 6

Transition zone (TOPNOTCH)

Question 7

Morphology: appear as minute, disseminated abscesses or diffuse edema, congestion, and boggy suppuration of the entire prostate

Answer 7

Acute prostatitis (TOPNOTCH)

Question 8

Morphology: aggregation of numerous lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages as well as neutrophils within the prostatic substance

Answer 8

Chronic prostatitis (TOPNOTCH)

Question 9

Morphology: tumor cells are arranged in distinctive trabeculae with a tendency to form cordlike structures resembling immature seminiferous tubules

Answer 9

Sertoli Cell Tumors or Androblastoma (TOPNOTCH)

Question 10

Morphology: rod shaped crystalloids of Reinke

Answer 10

Leydig/Interstitial Cell Tumors (TOPNOTCH)

Question 11

What is the most common form of testicular neoplasm in men over the age of 60?

Answer 11

Testicular Lymphoma (TOPNOTCH)

Question 12

Morphology: disorganized collection of lands, cartilage, smooth muscle, and immature stroma

Answer 12

Teratoma of the testes (TOPNOTCH)

Question 13

What do you call the structures resembling endodermal sinuses that may be seen in Yolk Sac Tumor?

Answer 13

Schiller Duval Bodies (TOPNOTCH)

Question 14

Morphology: reveals large cells with distinct cell borders, pale nuclei, clear or watery appearing cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli, and a sparse lymphocytic infiltrate

Answer 14

Seminona (TOPNOTCH)

Question 15

Within how many hours should the testes be explored surgically and untwisted manually so the testes will be viable after a testicular torsion?

Answer 15

(TOPNOTCH) Within 6 hours

Question 16

Morphology: clear vacuolization of the prickle cells

Answer 16

Condylomata acuminatum (koilocytosis) (TOPNOTCH)

Question 17

What HPV DNA type is found in approximately 80% of Bowen Disease and bowenoid papulosis?

Answer 17

HPV Type 16 (TOPNOTCH)

Question 18

What type of bladder cancer is associated with long standing schistosomiasis?

Answer 18

Squamous cell carcinoma (TOPNOTCH)

Question 19

In bladder carcinoma, the major decrease in survival is associated with tumor invading what layer of the bladder?

Answer 19

Muscularis propria (detrussor muscle) (TOPNOTCH)

Question 20

Morphology: large macrophages with granular PAS positive cytoplasm and several dense, round Michaelis Gutmann bodies.

Answer 20

Malacoplakia (TOPNOTCH)

Question 21

In gonococcal infection of the female reproductive system, inflammatory changes will appear about how many days after the inoculation of the organism?

Answer 21

2-7 days (TOPNOTCH)

Question 22

These cells are distinguised by a clear separation “halo” from the surrounding epithelial cells and a finely granular cytoplasm containing mucopolysaccharide that stains with PAS, Alcian Blue, and Mucicarmine

Answer 22

Paget cells (TOPNOTCH)

Question 23

What is the probable precursor of vaginal adenocarcinoma?

Answer 23

Vaginal adenosis (TOPNOTCH)

Question 24

What do you call the glandlike structures filled with an acidophilic material similar to immature follicles that are seen in Granulosa Theca Cell tumors?

Answer 24

Call Exner bodies (TOPNOTCH)

Question 25

Presence of these structures characterize serous tumors of the ovaries

Answer 25

Psammoma bodies (TOPNOTCH)

Question 26

These tumors are distinguished from serous and mucinous tumors of the ovaries by the presence of tubular glands that resemble the endometrium

Answer 26

Endometriod tumor (TOPNOTCH)

Question 27

Morphology: whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles and well differentiated spindle shaped smooth muscle cells

Answer 27

Leiomyoma (TOPNOTCH)

Question 28

A key factor in the development of endometrial hyperplasia and related cancers is the inactivation of what tumor suppressor gene?

Answer 28

PTEN (TOPNOTCH)

Question 29

What is the most common location of vaginal adenocarcinoma?

Answer 29

Anterior wall of the upper third of Vagina (TOPNOTCH)

Question 30

This is a condition in which glandular columnar epithelium of mullerian type either appears beneath the squamous epithelium or replaces it

Answer 30

Vaginal Adenosis (TOPNOTCH)

Question 31

What are the 4 cardinal histologic features of Lichen Sclerosus of the Vulva or Chronic atrophic vulvitis?

Answer 31

Atrophy of the epidermis with disappearance, of the rete pegs, hydrophic degeneration of the basal cells, replacement of the underlying dermis by dense collagenous fibrous tissue, and monoclonal band like lymphocytic infiltrate (TOPNOTCH)

Question 32

Morphology: acanthosis of the vulvar squamous epithelium frequently with hyperkeratosis

Answer 32

Lichen SImplex Chronicles (TOPNOTCH)

Question 33

Morphology: presence of large tumor cells lying singly or in small lusters within the epidermis and its appendages

Answer 33

Extra mammary Paget Disease (TOPNOTCH)

Question 34

Morphology: tumor cells resemble tennis racket with small protrusions of cytoplasms from one end

Answer 34

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma (TOPNOTCH)

Question 35

Clustering of tumor cells in a so called "Cambium Layer" is seen in what type of rhabdomyosarcoma?

Answer 35

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma (TOPNOTCH)

Question 36

On histological examination of the cervix, epithelial spongiosis is associated with what type of infection?

Answer 36

T. vaginal infection (TOPNOTCH)

Question 37

On histological examination of the cervix, epithelial ulcers with intranuclear inclusions within the epithelial cells and lymphocytic infiltration is associated with what type of infection?

Answer 37

HSV (TOPNOTCH)

Question 38

Morphology: these are composed of dense fibrous stroma covered with endocervical columnar epithelium

Answer 38

Endocervical polyp (TOPNOTCH)

Question 39

What is considered the most important agent in cervical oncogenesis?

Answer 39

HPV (TOPNOTCH)

Question 40

Koilocytic atypia is considered what type of CIN lesion?

Answer 40

CIN I (TOPNOTCH)

Question 41

What is the most common pattern seen in invasive cervical carcinoma?

Answer 41

Fungating (TOPNOTCH)

Question 42

On histological examination of the endometrium, what is the earliest morphological evidence of ovulation?

Answer 42

Basal vacuolation (TOPNOTCH)

Question 43

Morphology: ectopic endometrial glands and stroma with numerous macrophages containing hemosiderin

Answer 43

Endometriosis (TOPNOTCH)

Question 44

Morphology: hydrophic swelling of most chorionic villi and virtual absence or inadequate development of vascularization of villi

Answer 44

Complete mole (TOPNOTCH)

Question 45

The combination of ovarian tumor, hydrothorax, and ascites is designated as

Answer 45

Meigs Syndrome (TOPNOTCH)

Question 46

What type of ovarian cancer is best considered as the counterpart of the seminoma of the testes?

Answer 46

Dysgerminoma (TOPNOTCH)

Question 47

About 1% of the dermoids undergo malignant transformation of any one of the component elements present, but most commonly, they differentiate into what type of carcinoma?

Answer 47

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (TOPNOTCH)

Question 48

Morphology: epithelial component consists of nests of transitional cells resembling the lining of the urinary bladder

Answer 48

Brenner Tumor (TOPNOTCH)

Question 49

Morphology: characterized by a lining of tall columnar epithelial cells with apical mucin and the absence of cilia, resembling cervical or intestinal epithelium

Answer 49

Mucinous tumors (TOPNOTCH)

Question 50

Morphology: lined by a rim of bright yellow luteal tissue containing luteinized granulosa cells

Answer 50

Luetal cyst (TOPNOTCH)