Pathology Ch 19 Pancreas

Question 1

What is the most common clinically significant congenital anomaly of the pancreas?

Answer 1

Pancreas Divisum(TOPNOTCH)

Question 2

This congenital abnormality develops embryologically when one portion of the ventral pancreatic primordium becomes fixed, while the other portion of this primordium is drawn around the duodenum

Answer 2

Annular Pancreas(TOPNOTCH)

Question 3

What is the cardinal manifestation of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 3

Abdominal Pain(TOPNOTCH)

Question 4

The most common cause of acute pancreatitis is?

Answer 4

Excessive alcohol intake(TOPNOTCH)

Question 5

What are the 5 basic morphological alterations seen in Acute Pancreatitis?

Answer 5

1. Edema caused by microvascular leakage
2. Necrosis of fat caused by lipolytic enzymes
3. Acute inflammatory reaction
4. Destruction of pancreatic parenchyma by proteolytiz enzymes
5. Destruction of blood vessels with subsequent interstitial hemorrage(TOPNOTCH)

Question 6

What is the most common cause of Chronic Pancreatitis?

Answer 6

Long term alcohol abuse(TOPNOTCH)

Question 7

This condition is characterized by parenchymal fibrosis, reduced number and size of acini with relative sparing of the islets of Langerhans, and variable dilation of the pancreatic ducts.

Answer 7

Chronic Pancreatitis(TOPNOTCH)

Question 8

What is the most constant morphological feature of Chronic Pancreatitis?

Answer 8

Acinar Loss(TOPNOTCH)

Question 9

60% of cancers of the pancreas arise in what area?

Answer 9

Head > Body > Tail(TOPNOTCH)

Question 10

What is the most frequently altered oncogene in pancreatic cancer?

Answer 10

K-RAS (TOPNOTCH)

Question 11

What is the most frequently inactivated tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic cancer?

Answer 11

p16(TOPNOTCH)

Question 12

What is the strongest environmental risk factor for developing Pancreatic Cancer?

Answer 12

Smoking(TOPNOTCH)

Question 13

What are the two characteristic features of Pancreatic Cancer?

Answer 13

Highly invasive and it elicits an intense non neoplastic host reaction called a desmoplastic response(TOPNOTCH)

Question 14

Where do Pancreatic cancers usually metastasize?

Answer 14

Lungs and bones(TOPNOTCH)

Question 15

This variant of Pancreatic cancer is characterized by formation of zymogen granules and the production of exocrine enzymes including trypsin and lipase`

Answer 15

Acinar cell carcinoma(TOPNOTCH)

Question 16

What is the first symptom of pancreatic cancer?

Answer 16

Pain(TOPNOTCH)

Question 17

These structures are formed by the walling off of areas of peripancreatic hemorrhagic fat necrosis with fibrous tissue and are usually composed of central necrotic hemorrhagic material rich in pancreatic enzymes surrounded by non epithelial lined fbrous walls of granulation tissue

Answer 17

Pseudocyts(TOPNOTCH)

Question 18

These kinds of cyst account for 75% of cysts seen in the pancreas

Answer 18

pseudocyts(TOPNOTCH)

Question 19

Gross morphology: extensive parenchymal necrosis accompanied by diffuse hemorrhage within the substance of the gland

Answer 19

Hemorrhagic pancreatitis(TOPNOTCH)

Question 20

Morphology: Pancreas shows region of fat necrosis and focal pancreatic parenchymal necrosis

Answer 20

Acute pancreatitis(TOPNOTCH)

Question 21

What is the most important triggering event in acute pancreatitis?

Answer 21

Activation of trypsinogen and subsequent autodigestion of the pancreatic substances(TOPNOTCH)