Path Key Points 4 Flashcards
Sleeping sickness
Trypanosoma brucei
Subcutaneous chancre at bite site
Fever, weakness, arthralgia, headache
Chagas disease
Trypansoma cruzi
Red nodule at bite site
Acute - swollen eyelids, fever, diarrhoea, vomiting, lethargy
Chronic - colon/cardiac/oesophageal dilation
Wilson’s disease
Cirrhosis, parkinsonism, seizures, dementia
Pemphigoid
Autimmune deep bullous
Nikolsky sign -ve
Pemphigus
Autoimmune bullous disease
Nikolsky sign +ve
Psoriasis
Salmon-pink plaque + silver white scale on extensor surfaces
Pityriasis rosea
Single scaly salmon-pink macule <5cm
Becomes a fir tree pattern after a few days
Lichen planus
Pruritic, purple, polygonal, planar, papular, plaques, pearl sheen
Acute tubular necrosis
Damage to tubular epithelium –> AKI
Ischaemic/toxic injury - loss of polarity, glomerular back pressure, interstitial leakage
IgA nephropathy
Few days after infection
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Few weeks after infection
Osteochondroma
10-30 years
Bone cancer of large joints
Osteoid osteoma
Dull pain
Bone cancer
X-ray - central nidus and sclerotic rim
Endochondroma
10-40 years
Bone cancer of small joints
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Necrotic ulcer with purple edges
Caused by UC, CD, RA, AML, CML, PRV, multiple myeloma
Polymyositis
Weakness, pain and swelling of proximal muscles and facial muscles, ptosis, dysphagia
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Symmetrical, itchy papulovesicular rash on extensor surfaces (elbows, buttocks)
Associated with gluten intake in Coeliac’s disease
Dengue fever
Abrupt onset fever, retrobulbar pain, facial flushing
Generalised maculopapular rash
Guttate psoriasis
Abrupt onset small salmon-pink lesions in young adults/children
Strep throat infection 2/3 weeks before
Giardia
Bloating, flatulence
From India
Mx - Metronidazole PO 400mg tds for 5 days
