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buzzwords > Path Buzzwords Bank > Flashcards

Path Buzzwords Bank Flashcards

1
Q

Anti-CCP

Cyclic citrullinated protein

A

RA

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2
Q

Anti-smooth muscle

A

Autoimmune hepatitis/PSC

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3
Q

Anti-Jo1

A

Dermatomyositis

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4
Q

Anti-centromere

A

CREST

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5
Q

Anti-topoisomerase

A

Diffuse systemic scleroderma

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6
Q

p-ANCA

A

Churg Strauss

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7
Q

Anti-dsDNA

A

SLE

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8
Q

Anti-parietal cell

A

Pernicious anaemia

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9
Q

Anti-TSH receptor

A

Graves disease

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10
Q

Anti-Ro/La

A

Sjogren’s syndrome

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11
Q

Anti-mitochondrial

A

PBC

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12
Q

Anti-GAD

A

T1DM

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13
Q

c-ANCA

A

Wegener’s granulomatosis (saddle shaped nose)

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14
Q

Anti-endomysial

A

Coeliac disease

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15
Q

Anti-cardiolipin

A

Antiphospholipid syndrome, SLE, Syphylis

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16
Q

Anti-nuclear

A

SLE, Sjogren’s syndrome, Autoimmune hepatitis, Dermatopolymyositis

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17
Q

Anti-IF

A

Pernicious anaemia

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18
Q

Anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG)

A

Coeliac disease

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19
Q

Anti-DGP

A

Coeliac disease

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20
Q

Anti-glomerular basement membrane

A

Goodpasture’s disease

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21
Q

Anti-thyroid peroxidase

A

Hashimoto’s disease

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22
Q

Anti-acetylcholine receptor

A

Myasthenia gravis

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23
Q

Anti-muscle specific tyrosine kinase

A

Myasthenia gravis

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24
Q

Anti-voltage gated calcium channel

A

Lambert Eaton Syndrome

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25
Q

HLA DQ2

A

Coeliac disease

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26
Q

HLA B27

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

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27
Q

HLA DR2

A

Goodpasture’s disease

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28
Q

HLA DR3

A

Graves disease, SLE, Myasthenia gravis

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29
Q

HLA DR4

A

T1DM, RA

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30
Q

Anti-ribonucleoprotein

A

Mixed connective tissue disorder

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31
Q

Whole nuclear stain

A

SLE

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32
Q

Nucleolar stain

A

Scleroderma

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33
Q

Speckled stain

A

Mixed connective tissue disorder

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34
Q

Grows on chocolate agar

A

Haemophilus

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35
Q

Fried egg appearance

A

Mycoplasma

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36
Q

Bence Jones proteins

A

Multiple myeloma

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37
Q

Smudge cells

A

CLL

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38
Q

Reed Sternberg cells

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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39
Q

Rouleaux

A

Multiple myeloma

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40
Q

Auer rods

A

AML

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41
Q

Pseudo Pelger-Huet bodies

A

CML

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42
Q

Turkish

A

G6PD deficiency

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43
Q

Philadephia chromosome (t(9:22))

A

CML

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44
Q

Richter’s transformation

A

CLL transformation to diffuse large B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (DLBCNHL)

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45
Q

Pencil in cup appearance

A

Psoriatic arthropathy

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46
Q

Anti-histone

A

Drug induced SLE

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47
Q

Crepitus in tissues

A

Clostridium perfringens

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48
Q

Plasmodium falciparum

A

IV artesunate

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49
Q

Hep B

A

IgG +ve + IgM +ve = immunity
IgG -ve + IgM +ve = recent infection
IgG -ve + IgM -ve = susceptible

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50
Q

Pt with CF has chest infection

A

Pseudomonas aeurignosa

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51
Q

Felty syndrome

A

RA + neutropenia + splenomegaly

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52
Q

Painful on alcohol consumption

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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53
Q

Hypercalcaemia + renal failure + high total protein

A

Multiple myeloma

54
Q

Vitamin B1 deficiency

A

Due to alcoholism - RBC transketolase activity

55
Q

Vitamin A deficiency

A

Night blindness

56
Q

Vitamin B6 deficiency

A

Due to isoniazid - Red cell AST

57
Q

Vitamin B2 deficiency

A

Get angular stomatitis/glossitis - RBC glutathione reductase

58
Q

Heinz bodies

A

G6PD deficiency, chronic liver disease, alpha thalassaemia

59
Q

Tear drop cells

A

Myelofibrosis (PRV, ET)

60
Q

Cabot rings

A

Megaloblastic anaemia

61
Q

Target cells

A

Thalassaemia, asplenia, liver disease

62
Q

Pappenheimer bodies

A

Lead poisoning, sideroblastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia

63
Q

Corkscrew appearance in arteris

A

Buerger’s disease

64
Q

Iron overload

A

Bronze skin, short, HF

Need regular blood transfusions

65
Q

Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

A

Hairy cell leukaemia

66
Q

ALL

A

In children only

67
Q

Starry sky appearance on microscopy

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

68
Q

Old men + rash similar to eczema/psoriasis

A

Mycoses fungoides

69
Q

Hypolobulated megarkaryocytes + thrombocytosis

A

5q syndrome

70
Q

Gomori methanamine silver stain

A

PCP

71
Q

Pear shaped organism

A

Giardia lamblia

72
Q

Rose spots

A

Salmonella typhi

73
Q

India ink stain shows yeast and halo

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

74
Q

Recurrent aseptic meningitis

A

HSV

75
Q

Painful genital ulcer

A 
HSV
Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid) - painful unilateral lymph nodes
76
Q

Painless genital ulcer + bilateral painless lymphadenopathy

A

Syphilis

77
Q

Grows on Thaey-Martin VCN medium

A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

78
Q

Giemsa stain shows Donovan bodies

A

Klebsiella granulmatis

79
Q

Sewage worker/water-sportsperson

A

Leptospirosis

80
Q

Fish bite

A

Mycobacterium marinum

81
Q

Aedes mosquito

A

Dengue fever

82
Q

Sandfly

A

Leishmaniasis

83
Q

Anopheles mosquito

A

Malaria

84
Q

Reduviid bugs

A

Chagas disease

85
Q

Tsetse fly

A

Sleeping sickness

86
Q

Ixodes tick

A

Lyme disease

87
Q

Mauer’s cleft

A

Plasmodium falciparum

88
Q

Artichoke appearance on histology

A

Phyllodes tumour

89
Q

Non-smoker with lung cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma

90
Q

Smoker with lung cancer

A

Squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma

91
Q

White cell casts

A

Acute pyelonephritis

92
Q

Red cell casts

A

Glomerulonephritis

93
Q

Sterile pyuria

A

TB

94
Q

Pink/purple heliotrope rash

A

Dermatomyositis

95
Q

Tetanus management

A

IM tetanus immunoglobulin

96
Q

Gonorrhoea management

A

IM ceftriaxone + single dose PO azithromycin

97
Q

Chlamydia management

A

Doxycycline/erythromycin

98
Q

Bacterial vaginosis management

A

Metronidazole

99
Q

Syphilis management

A

Benzylpenicillin

100
Q

Return from abroad + maculopapular rash + flu-like illness

A

HIV seroconversion

101
Q

HSV management

A

Aciclovir, valaciclovir, famciclovir

102
Q

CMV management

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, codofovir

103
Q

HBV management

A

Entacavir + pegylated interferon alpha 2a + tneofovir

104
Q

HCV management

A

Pegylated interferon alpha 2a/b + ribavirin

105
Q

Influenza neuraminidase inhibitor

A

Zanamivir, oseltamivir, amantadine

106
Q

High sodium and low potassium

A

Conn’s syndrome

107
Q

Low sodium and high potassium

A

Addison’s disease

108
Q

Hyponatraemia management

A

Hypovolaemic - 0.9% saline
Euvolaemic - TFT, short synacthen test, paired urine and serum osmolality
Hypervolaemic - fluid restriction + correct cause

109
Q

Hyperkalaemia management

A

10ml of 10% calcium gluconate
100ml of 20% dextrose
10 units of insulin

110
Q

Hypokalaemia management

A

3.0-3.5 - oral potassium

<3.0 - IV KCl

111
Q

Apple red birefringence on congo red stain

A

Amyloidosis

112
Q

Severity of CAP

A 
Confusion
Urea >7
Respiratory rate >30
BP <90 systolic or <60 diastolic
>65 years
0-1 = outpatient
2+ = admit
113
Q

CAP management

A

Amoxicillin or macrolide (both for atypical)

114
Q

Pseudomonas pneumonia

A

Piptazobactam + vancomycin

115
Q

MTP inhibitor

A

Lomitapide

116
Q

Anti-PCSK9 monoclonal

A

Evolocumab

117
Q

Antisense apoB oligonucleotide

A

Mepomersen

118
Q

CJD treatment

A

Symptomatic - clonazepam

Delay conversion - quinacrine, pentosan, tetracycline

119
Q

Tumour necrosis factor alpha for RA, ankylosing spondilitis, CD, psoriasis

A

Infliximab

120
Q

CD20 monoclonal antibody for lymphoma, RA, SLE

A

Rituximab

121
Q

Alkylating agent for mixed connective tissue disorder and vasculitis

A

Cyclophosphamide

122
Q

Anti-CD11a for psoriasis

A

Efalizumab

123
Q

Western blot test

A

HIV

124
Q

Kveim test

A

Sarcoidosis

125
Q

Cerebral negri bodies

A

Rabies

126
Q

Dog/bat bite

A

Rabies

127
Q

Pneumonia in alcoholics

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

128
Q

Positive pulvinar sign on MRI

A

Variant CJD

129
Q

14-3-3 protein

A

Sporadic CJD

130
Q

EEG shows generalised triphasic sharp complexes

A

Sporadic CJD

131
Q

Kayser Fleischer rings

A

Wilson’s disease

132
Q

Renal biopsy shows crescenteric morphology

A

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis –> SLE, Goodpasture’s disease

buzzwords (29 decks)

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