Path Buzzwords Bank Flashcards
1
Q
Anti-CCP
Cyclic citrullinated protein
A
RA
2
Q
Anti-smooth muscle
A
Autoimmune hepatitis/PSC
3
Q
Anti-Jo1
A
Dermatomyositis
4
Q
Anti-centromere
A
CREST
5
Q
Anti-topoisomerase
A
Diffuse systemic scleroderma
6
Q
p-ANCA
A
Churg Strauss
7
Q
Anti-dsDNA
A
SLE
8
Q
Anti-parietal cell
A
Pernicious anaemia
9
Q
Anti-TSH receptor
A
Graves disease
10
Q
Anti-Ro/La
A
Sjogren’s syndrome
11
Q
Anti-mitochondrial
A
PBC
12
Q
Anti-GAD
A
T1DM
13
Q
c-ANCA
A
Wegener’s granulomatosis (saddle shaped nose)
14
Q
Anti-endomysial
A
Coeliac disease
15
Q
Anti-cardiolipin
A
Antiphospholipid syndrome, SLE, Syphylis
16
Q
Anti-nuclear
A
SLE, Sjogren’s syndrome, Autoimmune hepatitis, Dermatopolymyositis
17
Q
Anti-IF
A
Pernicious anaemia
18
Q
Anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG)
A
Coeliac disease
19
Q
Anti-DGP
A
Coeliac disease
20
Q
Anti-glomerular basement membrane
A
Goodpasture’s disease
21
Q
Anti-thyroid peroxidase
A
Hashimoto’s disease
22
Q
Anti-acetylcholine receptor
A
Myasthenia gravis
23
Q
Anti-muscle specific tyrosine kinase
A
Myasthenia gravis
24
Q
Anti-voltage gated calcium channel
A
Lambert Eaton Syndrome
25
HLA DQ2
Coeliac disease
26
HLA B27
Ankylosing spondylitis
27
HLA DR2
Goodpasture's disease
28
HLA DR3
Graves disease, SLE, Myasthenia gravis
29
HLA DR4
T1DM, RA
30
Anti-ribonucleoprotein
Mixed connective tissue disorder
31
Whole nuclear stain
SLE
32
Nucleolar stain
Scleroderma
33
Speckled stain
Mixed connective tissue disorder
34
Grows on chocolate agar
Haemophilus
35
Fried egg appearance
Mycoplasma
36
Bence Jones proteins
Multiple myeloma
37
Smudge cells
CLL
38
Reed Sternberg cells
Hodgkin's lymphoma
39
Rouleaux
Multiple myeloma
40
Auer rods
AML
41
Pseudo Pelger-Huet bodies
CML
42
Turkish
G6PD deficiency
43
Philadephia chromosome (t(9:22))
CML
44
Richter's transformation
CLL transformation to diffuse large B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (DLBCNHL)
45
Pencil in cup appearance
Psoriatic arthropathy
46
Anti-histone
Drug induced SLE
47
Crepitus in tissues
Clostridium perfringens
48
Plasmodium falciparum
IV artesunate
49
Hep B
IgG +ve + IgM +ve = immunity
IgG -ve + IgM +ve = recent infection
IgG -ve + IgM -ve = susceptible
50
Pt with CF has chest infection
Pseudomonas aeurignosa
51
Felty syndrome
RA + neutropenia + splenomegaly
52
Painful on alcohol consumption
Hodgkin's lymphoma
53
Hypercalcaemia + renal failure + high total protein
Multiple myeloma
54
Vitamin B1 deficiency
Due to alcoholism - RBC transketolase activity
55
Vitamin A deficiency
Night blindness
56
Vitamin B6 deficiency
Due to isoniazid - Red cell AST
57
Vitamin B2 deficiency
Get angular stomatitis/glossitis - RBC glutathione reductase
58
Heinz bodies
G6PD deficiency, chronic liver disease, alpha thalassaemia
59
Tear drop cells
Myelofibrosis (PRV, ET)
60
Cabot rings
Megaloblastic anaemia
61
Target cells
Thalassaemia, asplenia, liver disease
62
Pappenheimer bodies
Lead poisoning, sideroblastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia
63
Corkscrew appearance in arteris
Buerger's disease
64
Iron overload
Bronze skin, short, HF
| Need regular blood transfusions
65
Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
Hairy cell leukaemia
66
ALL
In children only
67
Starry sky appearance on microscopy
Burkitt's lymphoma
68
Old men + rash similar to eczema/psoriasis
Mycoses fungoides
69
Hypolobulated megarkaryocytes + thrombocytosis
5q syndrome
70
Gomori methanamine silver stain
PCP
71
Pear shaped organism
Giardia lamblia
72
Rose spots
Salmonella typhi
73
India ink stain shows yeast and halo
Cryptococcus neoformans
74
Recurrent aseptic meningitis
HSV
75
Painful genital ulcer
```
HSV
Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid) - painful unilateral lymph nodes
```
76
Painless genital ulcer + bilateral painless lymphadenopathy
Syphilis
77
Grows on Thaey-Martin VCN medium
Neisseria gonorrhoea
78
Giemsa stain shows Donovan bodies
Klebsiella granulmatis
79
Sewage worker/water-sportsperson
Leptospirosis
80
Fish bite
Mycobacterium marinum
81
Aedes mosquito
Dengue fever
82
Sandfly
Leishmaniasis
83
Anopheles mosquito
Malaria
84
Reduviid bugs
Chagas disease
85
Tsetse fly
Sleeping sickness
86
Ixodes tick
Lyme disease
87
Mauer's cleft
Plasmodium falciparum
88
Artichoke appearance on histology
Phyllodes tumour
89
Non-smoker with lung cancer
Adenocarcinoma
90
Smoker with lung cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma
91
White cell casts
Acute pyelonephritis
92
Red cell casts
Glomerulonephritis
93
Sterile pyuria
TB
94
Pink/purple heliotrope rash
Dermatomyositis
95
Tetanus management
IM tetanus immunoglobulin
96
Gonorrhoea management
IM ceftriaxone + single dose PO azithromycin
97
Chlamydia management
Doxycycline/erythromycin
98
Bacterial vaginosis management
Metronidazole
99
Syphilis management
Benzylpenicillin
100
Return from abroad + maculopapular rash + flu-like illness
HIV seroconversion
101
HSV management
Aciclovir, valaciclovir, famciclovir
102
CMV management
Ganciclovir, foscarnet, codofovir
103
HBV management
Entacavir + pegylated interferon alpha 2a + tneofovir
104
HCV management
Pegylated interferon alpha 2a/b + ribavirin
105
Influenza neuraminidase inhibitor
Zanamivir, oseltamivir, amantadine
106
High sodium and low potassium
Conn's syndrome
107
Low sodium and high potassium
Addison's disease
108
Hyponatraemia management
Hypovolaemic - 0.9% saline
Euvolaemic - TFT, short synacthen test, paired urine and serum osmolality
Hypervolaemic - fluid restriction + correct cause
109
Hyperkalaemia management
10ml of 10% calcium gluconate
100ml of 20% dextrose
10 units of insulin
110
Hypokalaemia management
3.0-3.5 - oral potassium
| <3.0 - IV KCl
111
Apple red birefringence on congo red stain
Amyloidosis
112
Severity of CAP
```
Confusion
Urea >7
Respiratory rate >30
BP <90 systolic or <60 diastolic
>65 years
0-1 = outpatient
2+ = admit
```
113
CAP management
Amoxicillin or macrolide (both for atypical)
114
Pseudomonas pneumonia
Piptazobactam + vancomycin
115
MTP inhibitor
Lomitapide
116
Anti-PCSK9 monoclonal
Evolocumab
117
Antisense apoB oligonucleotide
Mepomersen
118
CJD treatment
Symptomatic - clonazepam
| Delay conversion - quinacrine, pentosan, tetracycline
119
Tumour necrosis factor alpha for RA, ankylosing spondilitis, CD, psoriasis
Infliximab
120
CD20 monoclonal antibody for lymphoma, RA, SLE
Rituximab
121
Alkylating agent for mixed connective tissue disorder and vasculitis
Cyclophosphamide
122
Anti-CD11a for psoriasis
Efalizumab
123
Western blot test
HIV
124
Kveim test
Sarcoidosis
125
Cerebral negri bodies
Rabies
126
Dog/bat bite
Rabies
127
Pneumonia in alcoholics
Klebsiella pneumonia
128
Positive pulvinar sign on MRI
Variant CJD
129
14-3-3 protein
Sporadic CJD
130
EEG shows generalised triphasic sharp complexes
Sporadic CJD
131
Kayser Fleischer rings
Wilson's disease
132
Renal biopsy shows crescenteric morphology
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis --> SLE, Goodpasture's disease
