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Molecular cell > past papers > Flashcards

past papers Flashcards

1
Q

flagella and cilia are

A

basal bodies and have axonemes (arrays of microtubules)

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2
Q

lamins are found

A

in the middle of 2 nuclear bilayers of nuclear envelope

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3
Q

woronin

A

peroxisome

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4
Q

mitochondrial proteins are encoded by

A

mitochondrial DNA as well as genomic DNA

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5
Q

cholesterol

A

involved in the formation of sex hormones, is a precursors of a vitamin and modifies the fluidity of membranes

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6
Q

nucleoloids are only found

A

in prokaryotes

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7
Q

what is the three domains of life theory based on

A

rRNA sequence

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8
Q

electron microscopes can be used to visualise

A

cells, tissues, organisms, organelles, viruses and molecules

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9
Q

protocell only contained

A

lipid bilayer, RNA and ribozymes

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10
Q

microtubules

A
  • chromosome segregation
  • cell motility of ciliate protista
  • long distance axonal transport
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11
Q

microtubule dependent molecular motors

A

dyenin and kinesis

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12
Q

fungal cytoskeleton consists of

A

F-actin, microtubules and sephins (no intermediate filament)

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13
Q

virus’ contain

A

DNA/RNA and protein capsid

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14
Q

plasmodesmata

A

cell-cell contacts win plant cells which mediate exchange between cells

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15
Q

mitochondria and chloroplasts similarities

A

double membrane, circular DNA, endosymbiont theory, 70s ribosomes

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16
Q

70s ribosomes

A

(50s and 30s)

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17
Q

chloroplast proteins coded for by

A

chloroplast DNA and genomic DNA

18
Q

Robert Hooke introduced the term “cell” in Micrographia when looking at

A

plants and fly eye

19
Q

microtubules are … and made out of …. protofilaments

A

hollow

13

20
Q

primary cilium

A

structures that take part in cellular signalling

21
Q

intermediate filament function

A

mechanical support to resist external forces

22
Q

Bio-membranes show the following features

A

i) They consist of two layers of amphipathic lipids
ii) They form spontaneously due to their hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts iii) They provide an semi-liquid environment for proteins
iv) They surround transport vesicles
v) They define compartments in the cell

23
Q

Cell-cell connections in animal epithelial cells serve the following functions

A

i) Allowing the diffusion of ions and water between cells ii) Organize the actin cytoskeleton
iii) Limiting diffusion between cells and over the epithelium iv) Anchoring intermediate filaments
v) Connecting to the extracellular matrix

24
Q

MamK forms

A

filaments

25
Q

MreB and MdI1 are

A

involved in bacterial morphogenesis

26
Q

FtsZ

A
  • A function for the tubulin homologues FtsZ is cell separation (-cytokinesis) in prokaryotes
27
Q

ParM

A

ParM filaments segregate plasmids

  • ParR bidns to the centromeric DNA sequence (ParC)
  • ParM polymerizes and binds to ParR
  • filament elongation separates the plasmid

cell division in bacteria

28
Q

which protein is not part f the fungal cytoskeleton

A

intermediate filaments

29
Q

the woronin body

A

a peroxisomal structure that closes septa upon damage of fungal cells

30
Q

39) Which of the following subcellular structures are NOT found in eukaryotes?
a) Nuclei
b) Nucleoids
c) Nucleoli
d) Nucleasomes
e) Nuclear envelopes

A

nucleoids

31
Q

nuceloids

A

nucleoid (meaning nucleus-like) is an irregularly shaped region within the cell of a prokaryote that contains all or most of the genetic material, called genophore. In contrast to the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, it is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane.

32
Q

what was hooke looking at when he coined the phrase cell

A

he was looking at a cork (dead PLANT material)

33
Q

what makes a protocell

A

lipid membrane, RNA and ribozymes (RNA replicase)

34
Q

which jellyfish does GFP come from

A

Aequorea victoria

35
Q

phospholipids bud from

A

ER

36
Q

polysome

A

a cluster of ribosomes held together by a stoma of mRNA which each is translating

37
Q

process of transport vesicle fusing with a target membrane

A

tethering, doing and fusion

38
Q

structure of a microtubule

A

made from tubular dimers (alpha and beta tubular). Hollow tubule consisting of 13 protofilaments

39
Q

role of F-actin

A

cytokinesis and cell migration

40
Q

function of intermediate filaments

A

mechanical strength

41
Q

which of the following is not part of the prokaryotic actin family:
FtsZ, MamK, Mbl, mreB

A

FtsZ- tubular dimer homologue??

42
Q

cell division in bacteria is mediated by

A

FtsZ

Molecular cell (21 decks)

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