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Molecular cell > fungal cell biology > Flashcards

fungal cell biology Flashcards

1
Q

fungi are essential for

A

plant survival

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2
Q

two major forms of fungi growth

A

yeast and hyphae

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3
Q

over 95% of all angiosperm plants

A

form mycorrhizal symbiosis with fungi

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4
Q

mycorrhizal symbiosis

A

symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of a vascular host plant.[

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5
Q

yeast

A

uni-cellular and round–> grow via budding

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6
Q

hypha; cells

A

multi-cellular and elongated –> grow via extension

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7
Q

dimorphic fungi grow as both

A

years and hyphae

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8
Q

septa pore

A

allows communication between hyphae in hyphen cell

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9
Q

hyphae growing

A

grow based on gradient of secretion –> if there is more growth material at one end it will grow in that direction

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10
Q

some hyphae will have no

A

septa

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11
Q

fungal grown requires

A

delivery of vesicles to the growth region

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12
Q

what supports growth

A

the cytoskeleton–> transport towards the bud or the hyphae tip

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13
Q

what support motility

A

fungal motors–> dyne and kinesin

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14
Q

movement occurs via

A

actin and microtubule

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15
Q

actin and microtubules also help to

A

shape the fungi

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16
Q

long transport occurs along

A

microtubules

17
Q

actin patches are involved in

A

endocytosis

18
Q

what transport material into the bud

A

myosin 5 motors via continuous secretion- isotropic growth

19
Q

fungal spitzenkorper

A

used in hyphae growth

-consists of vesicles and determines where hypha grows.

20
Q

spitzenkorper known as the

A

vesicle supply centre – the vesicles are released and fuse with he plasma membrane

21
Q

what type of secretory vesicles in a spitzenkorper

A

secretory and endocytic recycling vesicles

22
Q

what determines hyphae growth

A

the rate of vesicle release and motility §of the spitzenkorper

23
Q

steps of the spitzenkorper

A

1) transport along the cytoskeleton
2) storage of vesicle in spitzenkorper
3) release and fusion with plasma membrane

24
Q

woronin bodies

A

a peroxisome derived, dense core micro body with a unit membrane found near the septa that divide hyphae compartments in filamentous ascomycota

25
Q

where are woronin bodies found

A

filamentous ascomycota

26
Q

problem of multi-cellularity

A

concerns of maintenance of cooperation among the components off individual organism

27
Q

years and single cellularity

A

when one cell dies, no other dies

28
Q

hyphae and multi cellularity

A

when one cell of the hyphae dies, all cells die

29
Q

how do hyphae cells get isolated so that not all die

A

woronin bodies

30
Q

who first described woronin bodies

A

mycologist M.Woronin 1864

31
Q

where are woronin bodies concentrated

A

around the septal pore

32
Q

specialised peroxisomes

A

woronin bodies that plug the septa in filamentous ascomycetes

33
Q

woronin bodies form by the self assembly of

A

the protein Hex1–> when the cell gets wounded

34
Q

mushrooms release spores for

A

reproduction

35
Q

why is a mechanism of spore discharge needed in basidiomycetes

A

there is no wind in the gills

36
Q

mechanism of spore discharge in basidiomycetes

A

1) basidiospore sits on sterigmas
2) two water droplets form due tot he secretion of mannitol and other hydroscopic sugars on the surface of the spore
3) Bullers drip increases in size due to recruitment of atmospheric water
4) sudden change in gravity by fusion of both drops create a propulsive force
5) forces the spore to fall off the sterigma

37
Q

spore distribution by Bullers droplet

A

max a few mm

  • speed up to 1.8m/s
  • acceleration 9000x faster than a sports car
38
Q

Turgor

A

method of spore discharge–> pressure builds up to 100-700 in the sporangium
–> shooting distance can be up to 2m

39
Q

spore distribution by rains plash in

A

basidiomycetes

Molecular cell (21 decks)

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