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Molecular cell > last min before exam > Flashcards

last min before exam Flashcards

1
Q

how many diff nucleoporins in a nuclear pore

A

30

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2
Q

lamina

A

keep nuclear pores evening spaced

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3
Q

where are lamina found

A

on the inside of the nuclear envelope

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4
Q

how can lamina importance be established

A

using DNA technology to turn off the gene for lamina- pores will cluster without

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5
Q

what are the intermediate filaments of nuclear lamina

A

lamins

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6
Q

when lamina is phosphorylated

A

nuclear envelope breaks down

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7
Q

nucleomorphs

A

nuclei in-between inner and outer membrane. vestiges of primitive red and green algae- engulfed

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8
Q

‘DNA relicts f an engulfed eukaryote’

A

nucleomorphs

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9
Q

F-actin is made out of

A

G-actin and forms 3 protofilaments

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10
Q

what do oligosaccharides do

A
  • protect against pathogens
  • cell-cell recognition
  • shows progression of cell
  • helps folding and interaction with other proteins
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11
Q

what are oligosaccharides linked to

A

asparagine and threonine

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12
Q

clathrin coat has

A

triskelion (3 arms) and needs no proteins to form

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13
Q

when vesicle becomes active

A

clathrin coat removal and recycling

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14
Q

golgi produces

A

lysosomes, plasma membrane and secretory vesicles

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15
Q

size of microvesicles

A

1000-5000nm

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16
Q

where are microvesicles formed

A

at the donor membrane

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17
Q

size of exosomes

A

40-100nm

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18
Q

exosome formed at

A

early endosome, released from late endosome

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19
Q

exosome fuses with target membrane via

A

futon or endocytosis

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20
Q

formation of lipid droplet

A
  • fatty acid cholesterol build up in inner membrane of ER
  • circular organelle formed
  • FABP make fatty acid water soluble
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21
Q

preoxisomes

A
  • biosynthesis of cholesterol

- breakdown of long chain fatty act (b-oxidation)

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22
Q

what are inside micro vesicles and exosomes

A

transfer proteins, mRNA and miRNA

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23
Q

rods and cones are

A

non-motile primary cilia

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24
Q

detoxification of peroxisomes generate

A

hydrogen peroxide

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25
Q

hydrogen peroxide is degraded by

A

catalase

26
Q

peroxisome

A

lipid metabolism

27
Q

lipid droplets and peroxisomes are formed at

A

SER

28
Q

lipid droplets and peroxisomes are

A

closely associated and often found near eachother

29
Q

glyoxylates

A

convert fats to sugars in plants

30
Q

intermediate filaments are structurally similar but

A

are made out of diff proteins e.g. vimenton, keratin, lamina pimentos

31
Q

lamina is

A

an intermediate filament

32
Q

growing and shrinking

A

dynamic instability

33
Q

2 mechanisms employed by microtubule to move chromosomes

A

1) polymerisation/ depolymerisation of microtubule

2) molecular motors

34
Q

microtubules used in mitosis

A

kinetechore

35
Q

astral microtubule

A

used to attach centrioles to the poles of the cell

36
Q

which drug is an anti-microtubule drug

A

nocodazole

37
Q

myosin II involved in

A

cytokinesis and muscle contraction

38
Q

tight binding of molecular motors occurs when

A

ATP binds

39
Q

dynein

A

retrograde and minus end walks

40
Q

kinesin

A

anterograde and plus end dances

41
Q

myosin V

A

membrane trafficking

42
Q

minus end

A

cell body

43
Q

plus end

A

synapse

44
Q

lynn margulus 1961

A

endosymbiont hypothesis

45
Q

chloroplasts and mitochondria are

A

not part of the endomembrane system

46
Q

why are chloroplasts and cyanobacteria linked

A

they both have a double membrane

47
Q

which specific membrane lipid t both bacteria and mitochondria have

A

CARDIOLIPIN

48
Q

which ion is used in signal transduction during photorelocation

A

calcium

49
Q

photorelocation

A

when chloroplasts move

50
Q

myosin XI

A

cytoplasmic streaming which is independent of photorelocation

51
Q

what close plasmodesmata

A

formation of callose

52
Q

plasmodesmata are widened by

A

movement of proteins

53
Q

when are plasmodesmata formed

A

during cytokinesis

54
Q

amyloplast

A

starch storage

55
Q

chromoplast

A

colouring

56
Q

cilia do not rotate because

A

unlike flagella they do not have a basal rotary motor

57
Q

cilia bend due to

A

crosslinks

58
Q

ParM involved in

A

plasmid segregation

59
Q

FtsZ

A

cell division

60
Q

Act 1

A

is required for final separation of daughter cell

Molecular cell (21 decks)

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