particles - pressure and hydraulics

Question 1

equation for pressure

Answer 1

pressure = force/area
p = f ÷ a

force - newtons
area - square metres
pressure - n/m^2

Question 2

what are hydraulic systems used for

Answer 2

they make use of the fact that liquids exert pressure in all directions when compressed
used to:
- magnify size of a force to make jobs easier

Question 3

explanation of the setup and how a hydraulic system works

Answer 3

> two cylinders, one wide and one narrow, connected by a tube
operator pushes down on the input piston - the EFFORT (master/narrow cylinder)
fluid in the system is forced through the connecting tube into the wide cylinder
this forces output piston upwards (slave/wider cylinder), to exert a force on the LOAD
as the liquid has a fixed volume, the output piston (larger area) isn’t pushed up as far

Question 4

hydraulics calculation

Answer 4

sealed system so pressure is constant:
P1 = P2
–>
F1 ÷ A1 = F2 ÷ A2
output force is larger than the input force