energy - elasticity Flashcards
deforming materials, hooke's law, stretching a spring, springs in parallel/series, elastic potential energy, required practical 6
what are the 6 ways to describe objects
stiff
ductile
strong
weak
brittle
elastic
plastic
what is the definition of stiff
does not deform easily
what is the definition of ductile
easily stretched
what is the definition of strong
lots of force needed to break
what is the definition of weak
breaks easily
what is the definition of brittle
breaks suddenly without stretching
what is the definition of elastic
returns to normal shape after deformation
what is the definition of plastic
does not return to original shape
what happens when elastic materials are deformed
the bonds between them are stretched, storing elastic potential energy that is released when the force is removed
what happens when plastic materials are deformed
the bonds will eventually break from being put under stress and the material will snap
what is Hooke’s law and what are its limitations
the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it
this is only true up to the spring’s limit of proportionality
a stiffer spring will have a higher spring constant
what is the equation for force and Hooke’s law
spring constant x extension = force
ke = f
force - newtons
extension - metres
spring constant - N/m
required practical 6: stretching a spring
aim
to investigate what happens to a steel spring when a force is applied
required practical 6: stretching a spring
apparatus
spring
stand and clamp - MUST BE SECURELY FIXED
eight 1N weights
ruler
required practical 6: stretching a spring
method
- a spring was clamped to be held vertically, and it’s length was recorded
- one at a time, 1N weights were added to the bottom of the spring until 8N were hanging
- the length and extension in metres of the spring were recorded