energy - elasticity Flashcards

deforming materials, hooke's law, stretching a spring, springs in parallel/series, elastic potential energy, required practical 6

1
Q

what are the 6 ways to describe objects

A

stiff
ductile
strong
weak
brittle
elastic
plastic

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2
Q

what is the definition of stiff

A

does not deform easily

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3
Q

what is the definition of ductile

A

easily stretched

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4
Q

what is the definition of strong

A

lots of force needed to break

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5
Q

what is the definition of weak

A

breaks easily

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6
Q

what is the definition of brittle

A

breaks suddenly without stretching

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7
Q

what is the definition of elastic

A

returns to normal shape after deformation

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8
Q

what is the definition of plastic

A

does not return to original shape

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9
Q

what happens when elastic materials are deformed

A

the bonds between them are stretched, storing elastic potential energy that is released when the force is removed

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10
Q

what happens when plastic materials are deformed

A

the bonds will eventually break from being put under stress and the material will snap

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11
Q

what is Hooke’s law and what are its limitations

A

the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it

this is only true up to the spring’s limit of proportionality
a stiffer spring will have a higher spring constant

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12
Q

what is the equation for force and Hooke’s law

A

spring constant x extension = force
ke = f

force - newtons
extension - metres
spring constant - N/m

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13
Q

required practical 6: stretching a spring

aim

A

to investigate what happens to a steel spring when a force is applied

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14
Q

required practical 6: stretching a spring

apparatus

A

spring
stand and clamp - MUST BE SECURELY FIXED
eight 1N weights
ruler

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15
Q

required practical 6: stretching a spring

method

A
  • a spring was clamped to be held vertically, and it’s length was recorded
  • one at a time, 1N weights were added to the bottom of the spring until 8N were hanging
  • the length and extension in metres of the spring were recorded
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16
Q

required practical 6: stretching a spring

conclusion

A

as the force added to the spring increased, the extension and length increased too