Particle Model Flashcards
In which state of matter do particles vibrate in a fixed position?
Solid
Which state of matter has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape?
Liquid
In which state do particles generally have the most energy?
Gas
Which state of matter does not have a fixed shape or volume?
Gas
In which change of state are particles loosely packed in random arrangement?
Liquid
Which change of state occurs when a solid is heated?
Melting
Which change of state occurs when a gas is cooled?
Condensation
What change of state is freezing?
Liquid to solid
What change of state is evaporating?
Liquid to gas
What two properties do not change when a substance changes state?
Mass and temperature
Define density.
How heavy an object is (mass) for its size (volume)
What are the units for density?
kg/m3
How do we calculate the volume of a regular object?
Length x heightx width
How do we find the volume of an irregular shaped object?
Use a eureka/dislacement can to measure how much water it displaces
What is the equation for calculating density?
Density = Mass/Volume
What is Brownian motion?
The random movement of particles in fluids which does not require energy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m5JnJBq2AU
Which two states are fluid?
Liquid and gas (their particles are able to move)
Which two states exert pressure?
Liquids and gases
State two ways we can increase pressure
Reducing volume, increasing temperature
State two ways we can decrease pressure?
Increasing volume, reducing temperature
What is internal energy?
The total kinetic and potential energy of particles
What is specific heat capacity?
The energy required to heat 1 kg of a substance by 1°C
What is the equation for calculating specific heat capacity?
SHC = Energy transferred/(Mass x Temperature change)
What are the units for specific heat capacity?
J/kg °C
What is latent heat capacity?
The energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance
What is the latent heat of fusion?
The energy required to melt 1kg of a solid
What is the latent heat of vaporisation?
The energy required to vaporise 1kg of a liquid
What is the equation for calculating latent heat capacity?
LHC = Energy transferred/Mass
What are the units for latent heat capacity?
J/kg
What is a pure substance?
A substance containing only one type of element or compound
How can we test for a pure substance?
Check its boiling point
What is specific heat capacity?
energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the material by 1 °C, with no change of state.
What is specific latent heat?
energy needed to change the state of 1 kg of the material, with no change in temperature
