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11E > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

State the equation that links charge, current and time

A

Charge = Current x Time

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2
Q

What are the units for charge?

A

Coulombs, C

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3
Q

What are the units for current?

A

Amps, A

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4
Q

What are the units for time?

A

Seconds, s

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5
Q

State the equation that links current, potential difference and resistance

A

Potential difference = Current x Resistance

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6
Q

What are the units for potential difference?

A

Volts, V

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7
Q

What are the units for resistance?

A

Ohms, Ω

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8
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

A circuit with only one pathway for current to flow

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9
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

A circuit with more than one pathway for current to flow

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10
Q

What happens to current in a series circuit?

A

It is the same anywhere in the circuit

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11
Q

What happens to potential difference in a series circuit?

A

It is shared between the components

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12
Q

What is the resistance in a series circuit?

A

The total resistance is the sum of the resistance of each component

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13
Q

What happens to current in a parallel circuit?

A

It is shared between the different pathways

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14
Q

What happens to potential difference in a parallel circuit?

A

It is the same for all components

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15
Q

What is the resistance in a parallel circuit?

A

The total resistance is the less than the component with the smallest resistance

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16
Q

Describe the relationship between current and potential difference for a resistor

A

Current and potential difference are directly proportional

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17
Q

Describe the resistance through a diode

A

Resistance is low in one direction, but very high in the opposite direction

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18
Q

Describe the relationship between resistance and temperature for a thermistor

A

As temperature increases, resistance decreases

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19
Q

Describe the relationship between resistance and temperature for an LDR

A

As light intensity increases, resistance decreases

20
Q

Name two sources of direct current

A

Battery and cell

21
Q

Name a source of alternating current

A

Mains

22
Q

What is direct current?

A

Current that flows in one direction only

23
Q

What is alternating current?

A

Current that continually changes direction

24
Q

What is the potential difference of mains electricity?

A

230V

25
Q

What is the frequency of mains electricity?

A

50Hz

26
Q

Define power

A

The rate at which energy is transferred OR the rate at which work is done

27
Q

What are the units for power?

A

Watts, W

28
Q

What are the units for energy?

A

Joules, J

29
Q

What are the units for work done?

A

Joules, J

30
Q

What equation links energy, power, time?

A

Power = Energy / Time

31
Q

What equation links power, time and work done?

A

Power = Work done / Time

32
Q

What equation links current, potential difference and power?

A

Power = Potential difference x Current

33
Q

What equation links current, resistance and power?

A

Power = (Current)2 x Resistance

34
Q

What colour is the live wire?

A

Brown

35
Q

What colour is the neutral wire?

A

Blue

36
Q

What colour is the Earth wire?

A

Green and yellow striped

37
Q

What is the function of the live wire?

A

Carries the potential difference at 230V

38
Q

What is the function of the neutral wire?

A

Completes the circuit, is at 0V

39
Q

What is the function of the Earth wire?

A

Safety wire, carries the potential difference if the appliance becomes live

40
Q

Why does touching the live wire cause electric shock?

A

The difference in potential difference between our body and the live wire is 230V, this forces a current through the body and causes electric shock

41
Q

What equation links charge, energy and potential difference?

A

Energy = Charge x Potential difference

42
Q

What is the National Grid?

A

A network of cables and transformers that transport electricity from power stations to consumers

43
Q

How do step-up transformers affect potential difference and current?

A

Increase potential difference and decrease current

44
Q

How do step-down transformers affect potential difference and current?

A

Decrease potential difference and increase current

45
Q

Why is electricity transmitted at very high potential difference?

A

This reduces current, which reduces heating of the wires, which reduces energy loss

46
Q

Why is electricity delivered to homes at lower potential difference?

A

So it is safer for people to use

47
Q

Draw the symbols for each component:
Open switch, closed switch, lamp, cell, battery, voltmeter, ammeter, fuse, diode, variable resistor, thermistor, resistor, LED, LDR

A

11E (24 decks)

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