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11E > Chemical Quantities > Flashcards

Chemical Quantities Flashcards

1
Q

Define element

A

A substance made of only one type of atom, e.g. sodium

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2
Q

Define compound

A

A substance made of more than one type of atom, chemically joined together, e.g. carbon dioxide

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3
Q

What is the state symbol for a solid?

A

(s)

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4
Q

What is the state symbol for a liquid?

A

(l)

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5
Q

What is the state symbol for a gas?

A

(g)

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6
Q

What is the state symbol for a solution?

A

(aq)

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7
Q

Define conservation of mass

A

The mass of the reactants and products is equal, no mass is lost or gained during a reaction

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8
Q

What is a balanced symbol equation?

A

A symbol equation with equal numbers of each element for both products and reactants

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9
Q

How many hydrogen atoms are present in H2?

A

Two

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10
Q

How many oxygen atoms are there in CO2?

A

Two

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11
Q

Why do some reactions appear to lose mass?

A

At least one of the products is a gas, and is lost to the environment

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12
Q

Why do some reactions appear to gain mass?

A

At least one of the reactants is a gas, and is taken from the environment

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13
Q

What is the relative atomic mass of a substance?

A

The mass of an element compared to the mass of the Carbon-12 isotope

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14
Q

What is the relative atomic mass of oxygen, O2?

A

16

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15
Q

What is the relative formula mass of a substance?

A

The sum of all the relative atomic masses of the atoms in a compound

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16
Q

What is the relative formula mass of CO2?

A

44

17
Q

How do you calculate the percentage by mass in a compound?

A

(Relative atomic mass/Relative formula mass) x 100

18
Q

What is the percentage by mass of hydrogen in H2O?

A

11.10%

19
Q

What is a limiting reactant?

A

The reactant that is completely used up during a reaction

20
Q

How do you calculate the mass of a reactant or product from a balanced symbol equation?

A

Calculate the relative atomic of formula mass of known substances, Calculate the number of moles of known substances, Calculate the ratio of moles, Calculate the mass

21
Q

What is a mole?

A

An amount of a substance which contains 6.02 x 10^23 atoms, ions or molecules

22
Q

What is the Avogadro constant?

A

6.02 x 10^23

23
Q

State the equation to calculate the number of moles

A

Number of moles = Mass / Relative atomic or relative formula mass

24
Q

Define concentration

A

The mass of a solute dissolved in a given volume of a solvent

25
Q

What are the standard units for concentration?

A

g/dm3

26
Q

Define solute

A

A solid which dissolves into a solvent

27
Q

Define solvent

A

A liquid into which a solute dissolves

28
Q

Define solution

A

A mixture of solute and solvent

29
Q

How many cm3 are there in 1 dm3?

A

1000

30
Q

What is the equation for calculating concentration, mass and volume?

A

Concentration = Mass / Volume

31
Q
A

11E (24 decks)

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