Participation Pop Quizzes (Topic 5-7) Flashcards
What is an example of potential energy?
Gravitational energy, elastic energy, chemical energy
What is an example of kinetic energy?
Photons of light, sound waves, electrical current, electromagnetic energy, heat energy
What is the principal source of energy in our biosphere?
the sun
What is the main energy currency of the cell?
Adenosince Triphosphate (ATP)
What determines if a reaction takes place?
the amount of energy in a system
Catalysis affects reactions in what way?
increases the rate of reaction and decrease the energy required to start a reaction; in the human body it allows these reactions to occur at safe body temperatures
What are considered biological catalysts?
enzymes
Where do competitive inhibitors bind to on enzymes?
active site
Where do non-competitive inhibitors bind to on enzymes?
allosteric site (an alternative site on the enzyme that when bound to the non-competitive enzymes, the shape of the active site is changed and it is unable to bind to the substrate)
what determines if a reaction will take place spontaneously?
enthalpy and entropy (the amount of free energy available)
The category of organisms that are able to harvest the photons from solar activity, to be converted to chemical energy
Autotrophs
categories of organism that utilize organism compounds produced by autotrophs
heterotrophs
What is a series of reactions, by which energy is harvested in the oxidizations of organic compounds to extract energy from chemical bonds?
Cellular respiration
What is when oxygen is the final electron acceptor, during cellular respiration
Aerobic Respiration
What is when the final electron acceptor is an inorganic molecule?
Anaerobic Respiration
What is occurring during glycolysis?
1 glucose is being oxidized into 2 pyruvates
What happens to pyruvate after glycolysis?
Pyruvate is oxidized into Acetyl CoA
Why is the Kreb Cycle considered a cycle
The end product oxaloacetate is used with the next Acetyl-CoA to make citrate and continue the cycle
the NAD+ and FAD+ that are reduced by glucose metabolism are ultimately used in what process?
Electron Transport Chain (ETC) & Chemiosmosis
Most of the ATP produced in glucose oxidation is produced in what phase?
The Electron Transport Chain
light dependent reactions require what to proceed?
light
What are the products of light dependent reaction?
ATP,NADH,O2
What are the products of light independent reaction?
glucose
What is the name of the reaction center where light dependent reactions occur (I&II) (Antenna Complex + reaction center)? (photons getting absorbed)
Photosystem
What is the overall function of the Calvin cycle?
to produce glucose
What is the organelle responsible for light dependent reactions?
chloroplasts
What is the name of the folded sacs within chloroplasts that contain the photosystems?
thylakoid
What reactions occur in the thylakoid disks, and what reactions occur in the stroma?
light dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid disks
light independent reactions occur in the stroma
The ATP and NADPH from photosynthesis are used in?
The Calvin Cycle
The Calvin Cycles uses what molecule to create organic compounds?
CO2
The overall process of photosynthesis results in?
ATP & O2 & NADPH
The photosystem is organized into a light-harvesting complex, that captures photons from sunlight before channeling them is called?
Antenna Complex
The products produced by light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
ATP & O2 & NADPH
The overall function of the Calvin Cycle is?
Carbon fixation & PRODUCING ORGANIC MOLECULES LIKE GLUCOSE
