part6

Question 1

Which protein kinase is directly inhibited by Rapamycin?

Answer 1

mTOR

Question 2

What is the main application of yeast two-hybrid screening?

Answer 2

Protein protein interactions

Question 3

Name two signalling molecules which are negative regulators of cell size and growth.

Answer 3

Cdr2

Question 4

A mannose 6-phosphate signal added to a soluble protein in the Golgi apparatus directs it to which organelle?

Answer 4

lysosome

Question 5

The vesicles that carry cargo from the cis Golgi to the ER have which type of coat?

Answer 5

Cop1

Question 6

Which one of these amino acid sequences is a putative endocytosis signal:-
a) –KKXX, b) –KDEL, c) –NPXY-, d) –NXS-?

Answer 6

npxy

Question 7

“Shibire” flies are paralysed at the non-permissive temperature because they have a temperature-sensitive mutation in which GTPase?

Answer 7

dyamin

Question 8

Name the intermediate filament protein that is found in hair.

Answer 8

Keratin

Question 9

Which adhesion protein makes a homophilic dimer between two neighbouring cells?

Answer 9

Cadherin

Question 10

Name the actin binding protein which catalyses actin filament depolymerization.

Answer 10

ADF

Question 11

What is the homologue of actin found in bacteria?

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Answer 11

mReb

Question 12

What is the function of the FtsZ protein in bacteria?

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Answer 12

During cell division, FtsZ is the first protein to move to the division site, and is essential for recruiting other proteins that produce a new cell wall between the dividing cells. FtsZ’s role in cell division is analogous to that of actin in eukaryotic cell division, but, unlike the actin-myosin ring in eukaryotes, FtsZ has no known motor protein associated with it.

This is a prokaryotic homologue to the eukaryotic protein tubulin.

FtsZ has been named after “Filamenting temperature-sensitive mutant Z”

Question 13

The bacterial flagellar motor has parts that rotate against a static part in the cell membrane. What is the name give to the static part of this motor?
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Answer 13

MS ring???

Question 14

A protein containing a basic N-terminal amphipathic alpha helix is most likely to be targeted to which one of the following organelles: a) peroxisomes, b) mitochondria, c) endoplasmic reticulum, d) nuclei?

Answer 14

mitochondria

Question 15

Which one of the following receptors does not interact with part of the polypeptide chain: a) TOM20, b) Pex5p, c) mannose-6-phosphate receptor, d) importin alpha?

Answer 15

Importin alpha (right answer as protein is pre-folded)

Question 16

Name an autofluorescent protein extracted from jellyfish which has an excitation peak at 396nm and an emission peak at 509 nm.

Answer 16

GFP

Question 17

To the nearest thousand, how many genes does Escherichia coli have?

Answer 17

5000

Question 18

What is the main enzyme in peroxisomes that degrades H2O2?

Answer 18

catalase

Question 19

The spontaneous formation of lipid membranes is encouraged by the reduction in which thermodynamic property?

Answer 19

repulsion

Question 20

Name a phopspholipid not usually found on the outer surface of healthy cells but which appears during apoptosis.

Answer 20

PS

Question 21

Name two protein secondary structural elements that can span cell membranes.

Answer 21

Alpha helices, beta barrels

Question 22

Name one member of the cys-loop family of ionotropic receptors.

Answer 22

5HT (?)

Question 23

Which protein complex binds sister chromatids together following DNA replication?

Answer 23

cohesins

Question 24

Name the process whereby repeated rounds of DNA replication take place in the absence of mitosis.

Answer 24

Endoreduplication

Question 25

Motor neurons are the first major cell type generated from the pMN domain of the spinal cord. Which one of the following is the second: a) astrocytes, b) interneurons, c) oligodendrocytes, d) macrophages ?

Answer 25

oligo

Question 26

What is the name given to the process by which less specialised cells generate progressively more specialised cells?

Answer 26

Differentiation

Question 27

What is the name given to the early evolution of both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Answer 27

Endosymbiosis

Question 28

What is the full proper name of the fruit fly most commonly used in genetics and developmental biology research?

Answer 28

drosophila melanogaster

Question 29

Into which one of the following organelles are proteins imported using a “gated” mechanism: a) nuclei, b) lysosomes, c) endoplasmic reticulum, d) mitochondria?

Answer 29

nuclei

Question 30

What colour is colloidal gold when examined by electron microscopy?

Answer 30

Black