part1

Question 1

Which one of the following organelles contains a transcription machinery –
a) lysosome, b) peroxisome, c) chloroplast, d) endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 1

Chloroplast

Question 2

If a polypeptide possesses an N-terminal positively-charged amphipathic alpha-helix, which organelle is it most likely to be targeted to?

Answer 2

Mitochondria

Question 3

Which one of the following is the main function of the stacking gel in SDS-PAGE:- a) to separate proteins, b) to concentrate proteins, c) to diffuse proteins, or d) to reduce proteins?

Answer 3

To Separate Proteins

Question 4

If fluorochrome X absorbs light of wavelength 480 nm, which one of the following statements cannot be true:- a) fluorochrome X emits blue light,

b) fluorochrome X emits green light, c) fluorochrome X emits yellow light,
d) fluorochrome X emits red light?

Answer 4

Flurochrome emits Blue light

Question 5

Which two of the following disrupt microtubules - a) cytochalasin, b) taxol,
c) phalloidin, d) nocodazole?

Answer 5

Nocodazole and Taxol

Question 6

What microtubule motor protein is found in cilia?

Answer 6

dynein

Question 7

Which two of the following are found in the basal lamina - a) laminin,
b) collagen III, c) fibronectin, d) perlecan?

Answer 7

laminin and fibronectin

Question 8

Which proteins bind sister chromatids together?

Answer 8

Cohesins

Question 9

Name two ubiquitin ligases that regulate the cell-cycle.

Answer 9

APC/C and SCF

Question 10

Name the phosphatase that activates M-CDKs driving entry into mitosis.

Answer 10

Cdc25

Question 11

Which one of the following ionotropic receptors is formed of four individual polypeptide chains forming a tetramer – a) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor,
b) glutamate receptor, c) GABA receptor, or d) glycine receptor?

Answer 11

Glutamate

Question 12

Measuring the reversal voltage of current through an ion channel can allow deductions to be made concerning which one its properties:- a) selectivity,
b) gating, c) inactivation, or d) subconductance?

Answer 12

selectivity

Question 13

Which two of the following proteins are both enzymes and carriers:- a) Band 3,
b) sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA), c) glucose transporter, d) electron transport chain, or e) sodium/calcium exchanger?

Answer 13

SERCA and electron transport chain

Question 14

What it the terminal compartment of the endocytic pathway?

Answer 14

lysosome

Question 15

How many subunits are there in a prototype clathrin adaptor complex
(e.g. AP-1/2)?

Answer 15

four

Question 16

Define the word “transdifferentiation” in one sentence.

Answer 16

One mature somatic stem cell transforms into another mature somatic stem cell without undergoing an intermittent pluripotent state or progenitor stem cell type

Question 17

At what stage of embryonic development are ES cells derived?

Answer 17

blastocyst

Question 18

What is an adult muscle stem cell called?

Answer 18

somatic stem cell

Question 19

Name two proteins that interact with Rb protein.

Answer 19

Cyclin D1, Insulin

Question 20

Apart from motor neurons, which one of the following is the other major cell type that is generated in the pMN domain in the spinal cord:- a) astrocytes,
b) inter neurons, c) oligodendrocytes, or d) macrophages?

Answer 20

oligodendrocytes

Question 21

Which one of the following is the major function of oligodendrocytes:-
a) specification of cell fates, b) removal of excess neurotransmitters at synapses, c) myelination of axons, or d) innervation of target tissues?

Answer 21

myelination of axons

Question 22

Which class of proteases is activated during apoptosis?

Answer 22

caspases

Question 23

Is the following statement true or false: “inflammation is absent during apoptosis”?

Answer 23

true

Question 24

How thick is a “lipid bilayer” – a) 6 nm, b) 60 nm, c) 600 nm, or d) 6µm?

Answer 24

6nm

Question 25

What class of enzymes maintains membrane phospholipid asymmetry?

Answer 25

Flipase

Question 26

Name a molecule, that is not a phospholipid, which can increase membrane fluidity?

Answer 26

cholesterol

Question 27

In non-apopotic cells, name one phospholipid is that is restricted to the inner face of the plasma membrane.

Answer 27

phosphatidylserine

Question 28

What is the structure that bacteria use to swim?

Answer 28

flagella

Question 29

Which one of the following signaling pathways is specifically inhibited by Rapamycin - a) MAP kinase pathway, b) mTor pathway, or c) PI3 kinase pathway?

Answer 29

mTOR

Question 30

Which one of the following families of receptor does the insulin receptor belong to:- a) nuclear receptors, b) receptor tyrosine kinases, c) G protein coupled receptors, or d) receptor serine/threonine kinase?

Answer 30

receptor tyrosine kinases