part 1 meds

Question 2

What is Ergotamine used for?

Answer 2

Treats migraines by vasoconstriction.

Take at first sign of headache. Avoid in pregnancy and PVD. Monitor for paresthesia or muscle pain.

Question 3

What is the primary use of Amphotericin B?

Answer 3

Antifungal for systemic infections.

Nephrotoxic & hepatotoxic; pre-medicate for fever/chills. Monitor BUN, creatinine, K+, Mg.

Question 4

What does Epoetin alfa stimulate?

Answer 4

Stimulates RBC production.

Used in anemia (CKD, chemo). Monitor Hgb (target <12), BP (risk for HTN), iron stores.

Question 5

What class of medication is Enalapril?

Answer 5

ACE inhibitor for HTN and HF.

Watch for dry cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema. Avoid in pregnancy.

Question 6

What is the primary action of Clopidogrel?

Answer 6

Antiplatelet agent.

Prevents MI/stroke. Monitor for bleeding. Don’t use with NSAIDs or PPI (omeprazole).

Question 7

What type of antibiotic is Tetracycline?

Answer 7

Broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Avoid in pregnancy/kids <8. No dairy, iron, or antacids. Photosensitivity risk.

Question 8

What generation of cephalosporin is Ceftriaxone?

Answer 8

3rd-gen cephalosporin.

Watch for allergy (esp. penicillin), monitor for C. diff. Avoid with calcium in neonates.

Question 9

What conditions does Epinephrine treat?

Answer 9

Anaphylaxis, asthma, cardiac arrest.

Increases HR, BP. Monitor vitals closely. Use in EpiPens — teach IM thigh use.

Question 10

What is the therapeutic monitoring parameter for Heparin?

Answer 10

Monitor PTT (60–80 sec therapeutic).

Antidote: protamine sulfate. Watch for HIT.

Question 11

What is Lactulose used for?

Answer 11

Laxative & reduces ammonia.

Used in hepatic encephalopathy. Monitor for bowel movement and ammonia levels.

Question 12

What are the risks associated with Prednisone?

Answer 12

Risk for hyperglycemia, infection, osteoporosis.

Taper dose. Monitor weight and BP.

Question 13

What is the maximum dose of Acetaminophen?

Answer 13

Max 4g/day.

Hepatotoxic. Antidote: acetylcysteine.

Question 14

What is the primary use of Valproic acid?

Answer 14

Anticonvulsant, bipolar med.

Hepatotoxic, pancreatitis risk. Monitor AST, ALT, amylase.

Question 15

What is the normal range for BUN?

Answer 15

10–20 mg/dL.

Important for assessing kidney function.

Question 16

What is the therapeutic range for PTT in Heparin therapy?

Answer 16

60–80 sec therapeutic.

Used to monitor anticoagulation levels.

Question 17

What are the normal AST/ALT levels?

Answer 17

AST: ~0-35 U/L / ALT: 4-36 U/L.

High levels indicate liver injury.

Question 18

What conditions does Levothyroxine treat?

Answer 18

Hypothyroidism treatment.

Take on empty stomach, lifelong therapy. Monitor TSH. Signs of overdose = hyperthyroidism.

Question 19

What should be monitored when a patient is on Sulfasalazine?

Answer 19

Monitor CBC.

Can cause agranulocytosis, watch for rash, orange urine.

Question 20

What is a normal finding when using Phenazopyridine?

Answer 20

Orange/red urine is normal.

Short-term use only.

Question 21

What is a significant risk of Ciprofloxacin?

Answer 21

Risk for Achilles tendon rupture.

Photosensitivity. Avoid dairy and iron.

Question 22

What condition is Metoclopramide used for?

Answer 22

Promotes gastric motility.

Risk of tardive dyskinesia. Use in GERD and chemo-related N/V.

Question 23

What does Gemfibrozil do?

Answer 23

Lowers triglycerides.

Monitor liver enzymes. Risk for gallstones, myopathy.

Question 24

What does Isoniazid treat?

Answer 24

TB med.

Hepatotoxic, peripheral neuropathy (give B6). Avoid alcohol.

Question 25

What are the side effects of Rifampin?

Answer 25

Orange secretions, hepatotoxic. ## Footnote Decreases birth control efficacy.

Question 26

What is the primary use of Allopurinol?

Answer 26

Treats gout. ## Footnote Increase fluids. Monitor for rash (SJS). Take with meals.

Question 27

What is a significant risk associated with Gentamicin?

Answer 27

Ototoxic, nephrotoxic. ## Footnote Monitor peak/trough levels and renal function.

Question 28

What is Zolpidem used for?

Answer 28

Sleep aid. ## Footnote Short-term insomnia use. Risk for confusion, sleep driving.

Question 29

What is Cromolyn Sodium used for?

Answer 29

Asthma prophylaxis. ## Footnote Not for acute attacks. Use regularly. Rinse mouth.

Question 30

What should be monitored when a patient is on Aspirin?

Answer 30

Monitor for bleeding, tinnitus. ## Footnote Risk for Reye’s syndrome in children.

Question 31

What is the primary action of Chlorothiazide?

Answer 31

Diuretic (thiazide). ## Footnote Risk for hypokalemia, dehydration. Monitor I&O, electrolytes.

Question 32

What class of medication is Nifedipine?

Answer 32

CCB for HTN, preterm labor. ## Footnote Monitor BP, avoid grapefruit juice, risk for reflex tachycardia.

Question 33

What should be monitored when using Morphine?

Answer 33

Monitor RR, BP, fall risk. ## Footnote Antidote: naloxone.

Question 34

What does Filgrastim increase?

Answer 34

Increases neutrophils. ## Footnote Monitor WBC count. Used in neutropenia. Can cause bone pain.

Question 35

What is Tamoxifen used for?

Answer 35

Breast cancer treatment. ## Footnote Risk for endometrial cancer, hot flashes, DVT.

Question 36

What should patients do after taking Alendronate?

Answer 36

Sit upright 30 min after taking. ## Footnote Empty stomach with full glass of water.

Question 37

What risks are associated with Hydrochlorothiazide?

Answer 37

Risk for hypokalemia, dehydration. ## Footnote Monitor electrolytes and BP.

Question 38

What is Chlorpromazine used for?

Answer 38

Typical antipsychotic. ## Footnote Watch for EPS, sedation, anticholinergic effects. Monitor for NMS.

Question 39

What is Amantadine used for?

Answer 39

Parkinson’s and flu A. ## Footnote Helps with dyskinesia. Anticholinergic effects. Risk for dizziness, hallucinations.

Question 40

What type of medication is Amitriptyline?

Answer 40

TCA antidepressant. ## Footnote Anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension. Monitor for suicide risk.