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Pharmacology > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

captopril

A

Classification: angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, heart failure (HF), diabetic nephropathy, and left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction.

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2
Q

losartan

A

Classification: Tricyclic Antidepressants

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, cerebral vascular accidents, or stroke, heart failure, helps prevent migraine headaches, and helps manage diabetic nephropathy.

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3
Q

eplerenone

A

Classification: eplerenone

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension and manifestations of heart failure following a myocardial infarction.

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4
Q

Aliskiren

A

Classification: Direct Renin Inhibitors

​​​​​​​Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension.

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5
Q

nifedipine

A

Classification: Calcium Channel Blockers

​​​​​​​Therapeutic use: Treats mild to moderate hypertension.

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6
Q

doxazosin

A

Classification: Alpha1 Blockers

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension as well as symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).

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7
Q

atenolol

A

Classification: Beta Blockers

Therapeutic use: Treats hyertension.

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8
Q

metoprolol

A

Classification: Beta Blockers

Therapeutic use: Treats hyertension.

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9
Q

clonidine

A

Classification: Centrally Acting Alpha2 Agonists

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension. Is also approved for severe pain relief (epidural injection) and management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

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10
Q

carvedilol

A

Classification: Alpha/Beta Blockers

Therapeutic use:Treats hypertension,heart failure, and can prolong clients’ chance of survival following a myocardial infarction (MI).

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11
Q

hydralazine

A

Classification: Direct-Acting Vasodilators

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, heart failure, pulmonary hytertension, and angina.

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12
Q

furosemide

A

Classification: Loop Diuretics

Therapeutic use: Treats pulmonary edema in heart failure, edema caused by renal, hepatic, or cardiac failure not affected by other diuretics, as well as hypertension that is not controlled by other types of diuretics.

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13
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

Classification: Thiazide Diuretics

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal failure.

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14
Q

spironolactone

A

Classification: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, edema caused by heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, nephrotic syndrome, and hypokalemia.

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15
Q

digoxin

A

Classification: Cardiac Glycosides

Therapeutic use: Treats some cardiac dysrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.

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16
Q

dobutamine

A

Classification: Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists

Therapeutic use: Increases cardiac output in severe heart failure (short-term use only)

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17
Q

milrinone

A

Classification: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

Therapeutic use: Short-term treatment of low cardiac output in heart failure.

18
Q

sacubitril/valsartan

A

Classification: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker -Neprilysin Inhibitor

Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension and heart failure.

19
Q

empagliflozin

A

Classification: Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)

Therapeutic use: Treats type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, heart failure, and cardiovascular disease.

20
Q

ivabradine

A

Classification: Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel (HCN) Blocker

Therapeutic use: Treats heart failure.

21
Q

epinephrine

A

Classification: Adrenergic Agonist​​​​​​​

Therapeutic use: Treats cardiac dysfunction amd anaphylaxis.

22
Q

vasopressin

A

Classification: Antidiuretic Hormone

Therapeutic use: Treats diabetes insipidus, postoperative abdominal distension, and acute esophageal variceal bleeding.

23
Q

atorvastatin

A

Classification: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

Therapeutic use: Therapeutic uses of HMG COA reductase inhibitors include reducing LDL and triglycerides.

24
Q

ezetimibe

A

Classification: Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Therapeutic use: Helps reduce total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL.

25
Q

colesevelam

A

Classification: Bile-Acid Sequestrants

Therapeutic use: Helps decrease total and LDL cholesterol levels.

26
Q

gemfibrozil

A

Classification: Fibrates

Therapeutic use: Helps reduce high levels of plasma triglycerides.

27
Q

alirocumab

A

Classification: PCSK9 Monoclonal Antibody Inhibitors

Therapeutic use: Helps decrease LDL cholesterol levels.

28
Q

inclisiran

A

Classification: Short-Interfering RNA (siRNA)

Therapeutic use: Helps decrease LDL cholesterol levels.

29
Q

bempedoic acid

A

Classification: Adenosine Triphosphate-Citrate Lyase Inhibitors

Therapeutic use: Helps decrease LDL cholesterol levels.

30
Q

nitroglycerin

A

Classification: Nitrates

Therapeutic use: Helps treat and prevent angina pectoris.

31
Q

ranolazine

A

Classification: Ranolazine

Therapeutic use: Treats chronic stable angina.

32
Q

quinidine

A

Classification: Class IA Sodium Channel Blockers

Therapeutic use: Treats atrial fibrillation, and supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias long-term.

33
Q

procainamide

A

Classification: Class IA Sodium Channel Blockers
​​​​​​​
Therapeutic use: Treats atrial fibrillation, and supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias short-term.

34
Q

lidocaine

A

Classification: Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers

Therapeutic use: Helps control ventricular dysrhythmias caused by myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery or procedures, and dysrhythmias caused by digoxin toxicity.

35
Q

flecainide

A

Classification: Class IC Sodium Channel Blockers

Therapeutic use: Treats life-threatening supraventricular and ventricular tachydysrhythmias that cannot be controlled by less toxic medications, and also long-term maintenance therapy of certain supraventricular dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation (AF).

36
Q

propranolol

A

Classification: Class II Beta Blockers

Therapeutic use: ​​​​​​​Manages cardiac tachydysrhythmias, such as atrial and ventricular tachycardia, and tachycardia caused by exercise or emotion.

37
Q

amiodarone

A

Classification: Class III Potassium Channel Blockers

Therapeutic use: Manages life-threatening ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation that is resistant to other medications, and may also treat some atrial dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation.

38
Q

verapamil

A

Classification: Class IV Calcium Channel Blockers

Therapeutic use: Converts supraventricular tachycardia to a regular sinus rhythm and slows the rate of atrial fibrillation and flutter.

39
Q

adenosine

A

Classification: Adenosine

Therapeutic use: Treats paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).

40
Q

magnesium sulfate

A

Classification: Magnesium Sulfate

Therapeutic use: Treats life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia.

41
Q

atropine

A

Classification: Atropine

Therapeutic use: Treats symptomatic bradycardia with manifestations like altered mental status, hypotension, chest pain, or heart failure.

Pharmacology (11 decks)

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