Cardiovascular System Flashcards
captopril
Classification: angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, heart failure (HF), diabetic nephropathy, and left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction.
losartan
Classification: Tricyclic Antidepressants
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, cerebral vascular accidents, or stroke, heart failure, helps prevent migraine headaches, and helps manage diabetic nephropathy.
eplerenone
Classification: eplerenone
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension and manifestations of heart failure following a myocardial infarction.
Aliskiren
Classification: Direct Renin Inhibitors
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension.
nifedipine
Classification: Calcium Channel Blockers
Therapeutic use: Treats mild to moderate hypertension.
doxazosin
Classification: Alpha1 Blockers
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension as well as symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).
atenolol
Classification: Beta Blockers
Therapeutic use: Treats hyertension.
metoprolol
Classification: Beta Blockers
Therapeutic use: Treats hyertension.
clonidine
Classification: Centrally Acting Alpha2 Agonists
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension. Is also approved for severe pain relief (epidural injection) and management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
carvedilol
Classification: Alpha/Beta Blockers
Therapeutic use:Treats hypertension,heart failure, and can prolong clients’ chance of survival following a myocardial infarction (MI).
hydralazine
Classification: Direct-Acting Vasodilators
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, heart failure, pulmonary hytertension, and angina.
furosemide
Classification: Loop Diuretics
Therapeutic use: Treats pulmonary edema in heart failure, edema caused by renal, hepatic, or cardiac failure not affected by other diuretics, as well as hypertension that is not controlled by other types of diuretics.
hydrochlorothiazide
Classification: Thiazide Diuretics
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal failure.
spironolactone
Classification: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension, edema caused by heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, nephrotic syndrome, and hypokalemia.
digoxin
Classification: Cardiac Glycosides
Therapeutic use: Treats some cardiac dysrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.
dobutamine
Classification: Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists
Therapeutic use: Increases cardiac output in severe heart failure (short-term use only)
milrinone
Classification: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Therapeutic use: Short-term treatment of low cardiac output in heart failure.
sacubitril/valsartan
Classification: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker -Neprilysin Inhibitor
Therapeutic use: Treats hypertension and heart failure.
empagliflozin
Classification: Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)
Therapeutic use: Treats type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, heart failure, and cardiovascular disease.
ivabradine
Classification: Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel (HCN) Blocker
Therapeutic use: Treats heart failure.
epinephrine
Classification: Adrenergic Agonist
Therapeutic use: Treats cardiac dysfunction amd anaphylaxis.
vasopressin
Classification: Antidiuretic Hormone
Therapeutic use: Treats diabetes insipidus, postoperative abdominal distension, and acute esophageal variceal bleeding.
atorvastatin
Classification: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Therapeutic use: Therapeutic uses of HMG COA reductase inhibitors include reducing LDL and triglycerides.
ezetimibe
Classification: Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
Therapeutic use: Helps reduce total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL.
colesevelam
Classification: Bile-Acid Sequestrants
Therapeutic use: Helps decrease total and LDL cholesterol levels.
gemfibrozil
Classification: Fibrates
Therapeutic use: Helps reduce high levels of plasma triglycerides.
alirocumab
Classification: PCSK9 Monoclonal Antibody Inhibitors
Therapeutic use: Helps decrease LDL cholesterol levels.
inclisiran
Classification: Short-Interfering RNA (siRNA)
Therapeutic use: Helps decrease LDL cholesterol levels.
bempedoic acid
Classification: Adenosine Triphosphate-Citrate Lyase Inhibitors
Therapeutic use: Helps decrease LDL cholesterol levels.
nitroglycerin
Classification: Nitrates
Therapeutic use: Helps treat and prevent angina pectoris.
ranolazine
Classification: Ranolazine
Therapeutic use: Treats chronic stable angina.
quinidine
Classification: Class IA Sodium Channel Blockers
Therapeutic use: Treats atrial fibrillation, and supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias long-term.
procainamide
Classification: Class IA Sodium Channel Blockers
Therapeutic use: Treats atrial fibrillation, and supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias short-term.
lidocaine
Classification: Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers
Therapeutic use: Helps control ventricular dysrhythmias caused by myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery or procedures, and dysrhythmias caused by digoxin toxicity.
flecainide
Classification: Class IC Sodium Channel Blockers
Therapeutic use: Treats life-threatening supraventricular and ventricular tachydysrhythmias that cannot be controlled by less toxic medications, and also long-term maintenance therapy of certain supraventricular dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation (AF).
propranolol
Classification: Class II Beta Blockers
Therapeutic use: Manages cardiac tachydysrhythmias, such as atrial and ventricular tachycardia, and tachycardia caused by exercise or emotion.
amiodarone
Classification: Class III Potassium Channel Blockers
Therapeutic use: Manages life-threatening ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation that is resistant to other medications, and may also treat some atrial dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation.
verapamil
Classification: Class IV Calcium Channel Blockers
Therapeutic use: Converts supraventricular tachycardia to a regular sinus rhythm and slows the rate of atrial fibrillation and flutter.
adenosine
Classification: Adenosine
Therapeutic use: Treats paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).
magnesium sulfate
Classification: Magnesium Sulfate
Therapeutic use: Treats life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia.
atropine
Classification: Atropine
Therapeutic use: Treats symptomatic bradycardia with manifestations like altered mental status, hypotension, chest pain, or heart failure.
