Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Parasympathomimetics > Flashcards

Parasympathomimetics Flashcards

1
Q

Cholinergic agonist

A

Pupil constrict, heart decrease, vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, increase GI, urinary bladder constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cholinergic receptor agonists chemicals

A

Acetylcholine, methacholine, carbachol, pilocarpine, betanechol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

Edrophonium (tensilon), Physostigmine (Eserine), Neostigmine (prostigmin), Pyridostigmine (mestinon), Rivastigmine (excelon), Donepezil (aricept), Galantamine (razadyne), insecticides, nerve gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cholinergic receptor agonists info

A

Drugs that directly activate either nicotinic or muscarinic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Many drugs that have anticholinergic activity effect?

A

patients with glaucoma, BPH, Alzheimer’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Clinical uses of cholinergic receptor agonists

A

Very limited because of side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Open angle glaucoma

A

permits opening of canal of schlemm when ciliary muscle constricts for aqueous drainage, most common form, responds to therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Closed angle glaucoma

A

a physical obstruction of the canal, even muscle contraction the canal cannot be opened, does not respond to medication, can be emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

A

Blocks acetylcholinesterase will increase concentration of ACH in synapse, similar result of receptor agonist; increase GI, relax bladder sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adverse drug reactions of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

SLUD; salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation; increase sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, miosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Adverse drug reactions of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

SLUD; salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation; increase sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, miosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Eprophonium (tensilon)

A

rare, primarily used for diagnosis myasthenia gravis, given IV, short acting, pt with mg will have improvement when given this drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

pyridostigmine (Mestinon)

A

Reversible, for treatment of myasthenia gravis, PO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Neostigmine, Physostigmine

A

Used by anesthesiologists for reversal of neuromuscular blockers, IV or IM; reverse paraysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pralidoxime (Protam)

A

a cholinesterase reactivator, used for pesticide or nerve gas poisoning, most effective if given within hours of exposure, rarely used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Atropine

A

Given IV, can be used for reversal of any AchE inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

loss of cholinergic neuronal activity has been identified as a contributable cause of cognitive decline, AchE have become mainstay in therapy, hope to slow progression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Tacrine (Cognex)

A

first AchE inhibitor available, still on market but never used; causes liver damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tacrine (Cognex)

A

first AchE inhibitor available, still on market but never used; causes liver damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Donepezil (aricept)

A

mild-severe alzheimer’s (dif dose), no dose adjust for hepatic or renal, ADR’s: incomnia, weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Galantamine (Razadyne)

A

mild to moderate Alzheimer’s, PO only, dose adjust for renal and hepatic, Drug Interaction increase activity of galantamine

22
Q

Rivastigmine (Exelon)

A

Mild-severe Alzheimer’s (same dose), Parkinson’s dementia (same dose), adjust for renal and hepatic; transdermal thought to be beneficial for compliance and less adr’s

23
Q

Parasympatholytics are more commonly called

A

anticholinergics, very common

24
Q

Action of anticholinergics

A

act as competitive antagonists at muscarinic receptor site on post ganglionic neurons

25
Q

Types of parasympatholytics

A

Atropine, scopolamine (Transderm), Dicyclomine (bentyl), hyoscyamine, Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)

26
Q

Anticholinergic eye medications

A

Atropiine, cyclopentolate, phenylephrine (cyclomydril), tropicamide (Midriacyl)

27
Q

Anticholinergic heart uses and medications

A

For short term management of bradycardia; Atropineand glycoprrrolate (Robinul)

28
Q

There are no clinical uses for which anticholinergic

A

Sweat gland and blood vessels

29
Q

Anticholinergic salivary gland uses and medication

A

inhibits secretion of saliva; Atropine and glycopyrrolate

30
Q

Anticholinergic urologic use

A

Urinary incontinence; Tolterodine, Oxybutynin, solifenacin, darifenacin, trospium, fesoterodine

31
Q

Oxybutynin (ditropan)

A

manage overactive bladder, no dose adjust for hepatic or renal, ADR: dry moouth, dizziness, constipation

32
Q

Oxybutynin (ditropan)

A

manage overactive bladder, no dose adjust for hepatic or renal, ADR: dry mouth, dizziness, constipation

33
Q

Tolterodine (Detrol)

A

long acting, overactive bladder, adjust for renal and hepatic; ADR: dry mouth, HA, constipation; some drug reaction

34
Q

Solifenacin (Vesicare)

A

overactive bladder, caution with renal and hepatic, ADR: dry mouth, constipation; DI: grapefruit juice; appealing for dementia pts

35
Q

Darifenacin (Enablex)

A

overactive bladder; no adjust for renal, adjust for hepatic; ADRs: dry moouth, HA, constipation; preferred with dementia

36
Q

Trospium (sanctura)

A

Overactive bladder, adjust renal, none for hepatic; ADR: dry mouth; VERY expensive

37
Q

Fesoterodine (Toviaz)

A

Overactive bladder; adjust renal and liver; ADR: dry mouth; some DI, Very expensive

38
Q

Anticholinergic respiratory use and medication

A

use for asthma, COPD; atropine, glycopyrrolate

39
Q

Ipratropium (atrovent)

A

asthma, COPD; inhaler or nebulizer; no renal or hepatic, no DIs, no ADRs; Frequent dosing because of short half life

40
Q

Tiotropium (spiriva)

A

Long acting, COPD only, once daily, dry powder inhaler; new to market, $$

41
Q

Aclidinium (Tudorza)

A

Only COPD, twice daily, new product $$

42
Q

Aclidinium (Tudorza)

A

Only COPD, twice daily, new product $$

43
Q

Anticholinergic GI uses and medication

A

cramping, diarrhea, IBS; dicyclomine, hyoscyamine

44
Q

Dicyclomine (Bentyl)

A

Antispasmodic, IBS and cramping; Adr: drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, blurred vision; old drug, cheap

45
Q

Hyoscyamine (anaspaz, Levsin)

A

GI, preferred for peds, common adrs, old, cheap

46
Q

Anticholinergic CNS uses

A

restores balance of neurotransmitters, Parkinson’s, prevent motion sickness

47
Q

Benztropine (Cogentin)

A

use for EPS, anti-psychotics, ADR: agitation, HA, constipation, dry mouth, Tachycardia etc, old cheap

48
Q

Trihexyphenidyl (artane)

A

CNS, ADRs: significant constipation, tachy, etc, old, cheap

49
Q

Scopolamine (transderm)

A

Motion sickness, patch, OTC, ADRs: drowsiness, blurred vision

50
Q

Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)

A

Neuromuscular, IV ADR: HA, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation

Pharmacology (61 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions