Parasympathetics Part 2 (vagus)

Question 1

Where are preganglionic parasympathetic cells of the vagus nerve located?

Answer 1

posterior (dorsal) nucleus of the vagus

Question 2

T/F: the vagus supplies parasym info to the kidneys and suprarenal glands.

Answer 2

False; pretty much all other thoracic and abdominal viscera though

Question 3

Where are postganglionic parasym fibers of the vagus nerve located usually?

Answer 3

in the organs supplied or the blood vessels that supply the organ

Question 4

T/F: myocardium, submucosal plexus, and myenteric plexus all contain postganglionic cells from the vagus.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Preganglionic from the vagus to the heart are carried in which nerves?

Answer 5

superior and inferior cardiac nerves

Question 6

Where do fibers from the vagus nerve which travel to the heart synapse?

Answer 6

in the cardiac plexus at the basse of the heart and wall of the heart

Question 7

Where are postganglionic fibers (from the vagus to the heart) carried specifically?

Answer 7

sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the atrioventricular bundle to reach subendocardial branches (Purkinje fibers)

Question 8

What effect will parasympathetic impulses have on the myocardium and coronary arteries?

Answer 8

inhibit myocardium and constrict coronary arteries

Question 9

What kind of parsym fibers are carried in anterior and posterior bronchial branches?

Answer 9

preganglionic fibers (from vagus to lungs)

Question 10

Where do bronchial branches synapse?

Answer 10

in the pulmonary/bronchial plexus surrounding the bronchial tree

Question 11

Where do postganglionic fibers from the pulmonary plexus go?

Answer 11

these reach the bronchial musculature and bronchial glands

Question 12

What effect do parasym impulses have on the bronchial tree and bronchial glands? consider asthmatics

Answer 12

constiction of bronchial tree and increases secrretions of bronchial glands

Question 13

How do preganglionic fibers from the vagus get to the esophagus?

Answer 13

carried in recurrent laryngeal nerves as well as the anterior and posterior esophageal branches

Question 14

Where do preganglionic fibers from the vagus to the esophagus synapse specifically?

Answer 14

in the wall of the esophagus

Question 15

What do postganglionic fibers from the vagus to the esophagus supply specifically?

Answer 15

smooth muscle fibers of the esophagus

Question 16

What part of the esophagus is composed of skeletal muscle? what nerve supplies these muscle fibers?

Answer 16

upper 1/3;

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 17

Which vagal trunk usually has more branches (preganglionic parsym) to the stomach, anterior or posterior?

Answer 17

posterior (about 6), anterior has bout 4

Question 18

Where do preganglionic fibers from the vagus to the stomach synapse?

Answer 18

submucosal (Meissner’s) and myenteric (Auerbach’s) plexuses in the wall of the stomach

Question 19

Where do postganglionic fibers from the plexuses around the stomach go to and supply?

Answer 19

smooth muscle fibers

Question 20

What effect does parasym stimulation have on the smooth muscle and gastric juices of the stomach?

Answer 20

contraction of muscles, increases secretion of gastric juices

Question 21

Preganglionic fibers from the vagus to the small intestines, cecum, appendix, an colon make their way here via what structure?

Answer 21

posterior vagal trunk

Question 22

What plexus do fibers from the vagus nerve use to get to the duodenum?

Answer 22

celiac plexus

Question 23

Preganglionic fibers from the posterior vagal trunk that do not travel through the celiac plexus reach their destinations by using what plexuse?

Answer 23

superior mesenteric plexus

Question 24

Where do preganglionic fibers from the vagus synapse while traveling to the SI, cecum, appendix, and colon?

Answer 24

submucosal and myenteric plexuses, as with the stomach

Question 25

From the submucoal and myenteric plexuses, fibers travel where?

Answer 25

smooth muscle fibers of associated organs

Question 26

What effect does parasym stimulation have on smooth muscle and intestinal glands?

Answer 26

contracts smooth muscle and is secretomotor for intestinal glands

Question 27

What type of visceral afferents are asscoiated with the vermiform appendix?

Answer 27

nociceptors

Question 28

Preganglionic parasym fibers from the hepatic branch of the right vagal trunk reach what structures?

Answer 28

gall bladder, pancreas, and biliary tree

Question 29

Where do preganglionic fibers from the vagus to the gall bladder, pancreas and biliary tree synapse specifically?

Answer 29

muscular walls of gall bladder and biliary tree and in the glandular tissue of the pancreas

Question 30

What effect does parasym stimulation have on smooth muscle in the gall bladder and biliary vessels? in pancreatic glands?

Answer 30

increases smooth muscle activity;

secretomotor for pancreatic glands

Question 31

How do preganglionic fibers reach the spleen from the posterior vagal trunk?

Answer 31

via splenic plexus

Question 32

What is the splenic plexus an extension of?

Answer 32

celiac plexus

Question 33

How do preganglionic fibers reach the kidneys from the posterior vagus?

Answer 33

renal plexus

Question 34

T/F: the motor supply to the kidneys is strictly parasympathetic.

Answer 34

False; strictly sympathetic. Therefore, any fibers reaching the kidney via parsym pathways are likely visceral afferents

Question 35

T/F: all of the preganglionic parasym fibers to the liver come from the anterior vagal trunk.

Answer 35

False; most from anterior, but some are from the posterior vagal trunk

Question 36

What extension of the celiac plexus do preganglionic fibers use to reach the liver?

Answer 36

hepatic plexus

Question 37

T/F: like the kidneys, parasym supply to the liver is likely primarily efferent.

Answer 37

False; should say primarily afferent

Question 38

T/F: Similar to the liver and kidneys, vagal supply to the suprarenal glands is afferent and those fibers are carried in the posterior vagal trunk.

Answer 38

True