Parasympathetics Part 1 Flashcards
T/F: Parasympathetics oppose sympathetics.
False; work in concert together to maintain homeostasis
T/F: parasympathetics are typically cholinergic (Acetylcholine), and sympathetics are typically adrenergic (norepinephrine).
TRue
Where are cell bodies of visceral afferent fibers located?
posterior root ganglion or relevant cranial nerve ganglion
How do the central processes of visceral afferents enter the cord?
through posterior root or specific cranial nerve
T/F: Peripheral processes (dendrites) carry impulses from the viscera to cell bodies via autonomic ganglia, plexus or even somatic nerves while only synapsing twice.
False; do not synapse in PNS (obviously it does in the CNS though)
How do sympathetic afferents travel through the sympathetic trunk to the spinal ganglia?
by passing through the white ramus communicans
Which afferents travel in sacral spinal nerves and cranial nerves?
Parasympathetic afferents
What kind of receptors are associated with visceral afferents?
receptors that are sensitive to pressure, chemical concentrations, and muscle stretching (both smooth and cardiac muscle)
Which cranial and sacral nerves carry parasympathetic pre-ganglionic fibers?
CN III, VII, IX, X
S2, 3, and 4
Where do preganglionic parasympathetics generally synapse?
on postganglionic neurons in peripheral ganglia
T/F: postganglionic parasympathetic fibers are responsible for constricting the bronchial tree and the pupils.
True
Which parasympathetic nerves (generally) supply the distal parts of the digestive system and urogenital systems?
S2, 3, and 4
Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies associated with CN III located?
accessory oculomotor nucleus in the periaqueductal grey
What is the other name for the accessory oculomotor nucleus?
Edinger-Westphal
What ganglion do parasympathetic fibers from the accessory oculomotor nucleus synapse on?
ciliary ganglion
Postganglionic parasympathetic axons carried by the short ciliary nerves enter the eyeball and supply which two muscles?
ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae
Which muscle supplied by the short ciliary nerves contracts to make the lens more convex? which decreases the size of the pupil?
ciliary muscle;
sphincter pupillae
Where are the preganglionic parasym cell bodies associated with CN VII located?
salivary nucleus (superior part)
What two branches carry preganglionic parasym fibers from CN VII?
Greater petrosal nerve and Chorda tympani
What ganglia are associated with the course of the Greater Petrosal nerve?
leaves facial nerve at geniculate ganglion, ultimately joins the pterygopalatine ganglion
Where does the Greater Petrosal nerve re-enter the skull?
petrous part of the temporal bone through foramen lacerum
Postganglionic fibers from the Greater Petrosal nerve reach the lacrimal, nasal, palatine, and pharyngeal glands after being distributed in which nerves?
lacrimal and pterygopalatine nerves
Which branch of the facial nerve carries preganglionic parasym fibers through the tympanic cavity?
Chorda tympani
Where does the chorda tympani leave the temporal bone?
pterygopalatine fissure
