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MTAP 1 FINALS > Parasitology (Nematodes) > Flashcards

Parasitology (Nematodes) Flashcards

1
Q

Habitat of A. lumbricoides

A

Small intestine

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2
Q

T. trichiura and E. vermicularis habitat

A

Large intestine

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3
Q

Most common helminth

A

E. vermicularis, A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura

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4
Q

egg that contains fully developed larvae in its shell

A

Embryonated egg

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5
Q

Usual diagnostic stage of E. vermicularis, A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura

A

eggs/ova

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6
Q

C. philippinensis habitat

A

small intestine

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7
Q

Infective stage of C. philippinensis

A

Larva

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8
Q

MOT of C. philippinensis

A

Ingestion of larva from raw fishes

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9
Q

Habitat of S. stercoralis, N. americanus, A. duodenale

A

Intestinal

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10
Q

Infective stage of
S. stercoralis
N. americanus
A. duodenale

A

Filariform larva

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11
Q

MOT of
S. stercoralis
N. americanus
A. duodenale

A

Skin penetration

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12
Q

Nematodes general characteristics

A

Separate sexes
Male - shorter with curved tail dorsally
Female: longer straight tail
elongated, cylindrical, non-segmented
With GIT - mouth, anus

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13
Q

aphasmids nematodes

A

T. spiralis, T. trichiura, C. philippinensis

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14
Q

Life cycle of nematodes

A

Egg stage:
Larva (young worm)
Adult (Male/Female)

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15
Q

sensory organ found in the cephalic of nematodes

A

chemoreceptors

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16
Q

MOT: Ingestion of encysted larva following consumption of inadequately cooked pork

A

T. spiralis

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17
Q

Intermediate host of D. medinensis

A

Copepods - freshwater fleas

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18
Q

D. medinensis habitat

A

Subcutaneous tissues

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19
Q

Viviparous nematode

A

D. medinensis

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20
Q

S. Stercoralis and Hookworms life cycle

A

Egg
Rhabditiform larva
Filariform larva
Adult

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21
Q

feeding stage, w/ open mouth, shorter and robust, not infective

A

Rhabditiform

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22
Q

non-feeding, w/ closed mouth, longer and slender, infective; penetrates human skin

A

FILARIFORM

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23
Q

To differentiate RHABDITIFORM

A

Length of buccal cavity

Size of genital primordium

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24
Q

To differentiate filariform larva

A

Length of esophagus

Tail end

Presence or absence of sheath

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25
Rhabditiform larva of______: 225 um long and has shorter buccal cavity - half the width of the body and distinct/conspicuos genital primordium
S. stercoralis
26
Rhabditiform of _____: length of 250 um with longer buccal cavity-length is equal to the width of the body; and indistinct/inconspicuos genital primordium
hookworms
27
Filariform larvae of ___: have a length of 700um with shorter esophagus, straight tail end and is sheathed
hookworms
28
Filariform larvae of ___: has length of 550 um with longer esophagus, bifid or notched tail end and is unsheathed
S. stercoralis
29
Facultative parthenogenic that can live outside man and survive without a host
S. stercoralis
30
Virgin birthing - capable of producing eggs without male
Parthenogenesis
31
Larviparous/Viviparous: no egg stage; deliver larva species:
All filarial worms T. spiralis D. medinensis
32
Oviparous: Female nematodes that can produce eggs without developed larva in its shell species:
Female: Ascaris, Trichuris, Hookworms
33
Ovoviparous: Female worms that can develop larva in its shell species:
Enterobius vemicularis Strongyloides stercoralis
34
General characteristics of Filarial worms:
Arthropod borne Diagnostic stage: examined in the blood Exhibits periodicity Sheathed/Unsheathed Causes Filariasis MOT: Skin inoculation
35
Adult microfilaria is found in
usual habitat or lymphatics
36
Microfilaria is seen in what specimen
blood
37
larvae that goes to the blood depending on its periodicity may be sheathed or unsheathed; diagnostic stage
microfilaria
38
Usual specimen for filarial worms
Blood
39
O. volvulus specimen
skin nips (biopsy)
40
Filaria that can be seen in Lower lymphatics
W. bancrofti
41
Filaria seen in Upper lymphatics
B. malayi
42
Filaria seen in subcutaneous tissue
Loa loa O. volvulus
43
Filaria seen in body cavities
M. ozzardi M. perstans
44
Filaria seen in dermis of the skin
M. streptocerca
45
Filaria stage that is infective to man
L3: 3rd stage larva
46
Filaria infective stage to vector
Microfilaria
47
MOT for filaria
Skin inoculation
48
Sheathed filarial worm
W. bancrofti B. malayi L. loa
49
Vector for W. bancrofti
Mosquitoes (Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, Mansonia spp)
50
B. malayi vector
Mansonia spp. (mosquitoes)
51
Loa loa vectors
Chrysops fly Mango fly Deerfly
52
Nocturnal periodic filaria
W. bancrofti
53
Nocturnal subperiodic filaria
B. malayi
54
Diurnal filaria
Loa loa
55
Sheathed filaria tail morphology: Nuclei that does not extend to the tip
W. bancrofti
56
Sheathed filaria tail morphology: With 2 terminal nuclei
B. malayi
57
Sheathed filaria tail morphology: Nuclei extend to tip of tail
Loa loa
58
Unsheathed filarial worms
M. perstans M. ozzardi M. streptocerca O. volvulus
59
Carried by midges flies (culicoides flies)
M. perstans M. ozzardi M. streptocerca
60
O. volvulus vector
Black flies
61
Non-periodic filarial worms
M. perstans M. ozzardi M. streptocerca O. volvulus
62
Unsheathed filaria tail morphology: Nuclei that do not extend to tip of tail
M. ozzardi O. volvulus
63
Unsheathed filaria tail morphology: Nuclei extend to tip of curved tail/shepherd's crook
M. streptocerca
64
Accidental ingestion causes visceral larva migrans/ocular larva migrans
Toxocara canis Toxocara cati
65
Causes cutaneous migrans/creeping eruption
A. caninum A. Braziliense
66
Infection in man causes nodules in lungs/ coined lesions (diagnosed through x-ray)
D. immitis
67
Causes eosinophilic meningitis/cerebral parastrongyliasis
P. cantonensis (A. cantonensis)
68
Causes anisakiasis
Anisakis spp.
69
Infective stage of Anisakis spp
Larval form
70
Definitive host for P. cantonensis
Rats
71
Intermediate host of P. cantonensis
Snails
72
MOT of P. cantonensis
Ingestion after eating raw snail
73
MOT for D. immitis
Skin inoculation
74
MOT for A. caninum and A. Braziliense
Skin penetration of filariform larva
75
MOT for Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati
Accidental ingestion of embryonated eggs
76
Adult worm: Pink or white Superficially resembles earth worm Mouth: 3 oval lips - trilobate lip
Ascaris lumbricoides
77
Fertilized egg of A. lumbricoides appearance
Thick shell
78
Unfertilized egg of A. lumbricoides appearance
Thin shelled
79
A. lumbricoides eggs without mamillation appearance
decorticated
80
Adult worm: Pinkish gray Anterior 2/3 slender With slender head part and fleshy tail that resembles a whip
Trichuris trichiura
81
Egg appearance: Barrel/ football shaped Lantern shaped with PROTRUDED mucus plugs/polar plugs
T. trichiura
82
Resembles japanese lantern ova
T. trichiura
83
Egg appearance: D-shaped, flat on one side; lopsided with thin shell that encloses motile larva
Enterobius vermicularis
84
Adult worm: Equipped with CUTICULAR ALAR EXPANSION and well defined esophageal bulb
Enterobius vermicularis
85
Egg appearance: Peanut shaped, flat polar plugs, with striated shell
Capillaria philippinensis
86
Adult worm: Thin filamentous anterior and a slightly thicker posterior
C. philippinensis
87
Egg appearance: alike/identical eggs Ovoid with thin shell containing 2-8 germ cells resembling morula ball
Necator americanus Ancylostoma duodenal
88
Adult worm: with semilunar cutting plates
N. americanus
89
Adult worm: 2 pairs of buccal teeth
A. duodenale
90
Adult worm: 1 pair of buccal teeth
A. braziliense
91
Adult worm: 3 pairs of buccal teeth
A. caninum
92
Egg appearance: Similar to those of hookworms but are usually embryonated
Stongyloides stercoralis
93
Adult worm: Short buccal cavity with indistinct lips
S. stercoralis
94
Soil transmitted helminths
Strongyloides stercoralis Necator americanus Ancylostoma duodenale Ancyclostoma caninum Ancylostoma braziliense
95
Can cause Infection — PRURITIS ANI itchiness of anal region caused by female migration
E. vermicularis
96
Heavy infection of E. vermicularis can lead to
Rectal prolapse
97
Hookworm can cause what type of anemia
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA - MICROCYTIC HYPOCHROMIC TYPE OF ANEMIA
98
Can cause Loeffler's syndrome
A. lumbricoides
99
Chinese lantern ova:
S. stercoralis
100
Unholy three hookworms
Ascaris lumbricoides Trichuris trichura Hookworms: N. Americanus and A. dudenale
101
Causes pneumonitis due to lung migration
Ascaris lumbricoides Strongyloides stercoralis Human hookworms
102
Unsheathed filaria tail morphology: Nuclei extend to tip of tail
M. Perstans

MTAP 1 FINALS (16 decks)

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