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Clinical Dermatology > Parasitic, Viral, and Protozoal Skin Diseases > Flashcards

Parasitic, Viral, and Protozoal Skin Diseases Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what causes scabies?

A

Sarcoptes scabei

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2
Q

what are skin lesions like with canine generalized demodicosis?

A

severe generalized

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3
Q

what leads to the juvenile form of canine generalized demodicosis?

A

genetic defect leading to defective control of Demodex populations

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4
Q

what do papillomaviruses in dogs and cats target?

A

squamous epithelia

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5
Q

what are the common manifestations of papillomavirus in dogs?

A

oral papilloma
exophytic cutaneous papilloma
cutaneous inverted papilloma
pigmented viral plaque

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6
Q

what causes exophytic cutaneous papilloma?

A

canine papillomavirus 1, 2, 6, 7

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7
Q

what is the most common cause of feline viral plaques?

A

FcaPV2

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8
Q

which cats are predisposed to feline viral plaques?

A

sphinx
devon rex

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9
Q

what lesions are seen with scabies?

A

erythema
paules
itch
scaling
crusts

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10
Q

how long does canine scabies survive at room temperature off of the dog?

A

2-6 days

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11
Q

what do the adults do in scabies?

A

burrow tunnels in epidermis
release proteases and other enzymes

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12
Q

how does canine scabies respond to glucocorticoids?

A

non-responsive
poorly
temporarily

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13
Q

how common is a false negative with pinnal-pedal reflex for canine scabies?

A

20%

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14
Q

what can be used in a therapeutic trial to diagnose canine scabies?

A

selamectin
oral isoxazoline

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15
Q

how sensitive and specific is serology for canine scabies?

A

80-95% sensitive
75-100% specific

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16
Q

what are the FDA approved treatments for canine scabies?

A

selamectin/revolution
moxidectin/advantage multi
sarolaner/simparica

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17
Q

are demodex mites commensal?

A

yes- all mammals
Demodex gatoi is not- contagious

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18
Q

what is demodicosis?

A

inflammatory skin disease consequence of overgrowth of demodex mites

19
Q

in whom is demodicosis seen?

A

common in dogs
others: immunosuppressed

20
Q

what Demodex species impact dogs?

A

D. canis
D. injai
D. cornei

21
Q

is pruritus seen with canine localized demodicosis?

A

no

22
Q

what leads to the adult form of canine generalized demodicosis?

A

immunosuppression

23
Q

what is pruritus like in canine generalized demodicosis?

A

low to moderate: when secondary infection present

24
Q

how can you diagnose demodicosis?

A

history, exam
examine plucked hairs
deep skin scrapings
cytology to detect bacterial infection
occasional: biopsy

25
Q

how can you treat canine generalized demodicosis?

A

isoxazolines
ivermectin
topical moxidectin
topical amitraz

26
Q

where do papillomaviruses target?

A

squamous epithelia

27
Q

how are papillomaviruses transmitted?

A

direct contact

28
Q

what are koilocytes?

A

shrunk nuclei, peripheral halo, intracytoplasmic vesicles
seen on histopathology with papillomaviruses

29
Q

is each syndrome of papillomaviruses associated with a distinct papillomavirus species?

A

yes

30
Q

what are the common manifestations of papillomavirus in cats?

A

viral plaque and bowenoid in situ carcinoma
cutaneous/oral squamous cell carcinoma
feline sarcoid

31
Q

where are lesions seen with exophytic cutaneous papilloma?

A

face
ears
extremities

32
Q

what is cutaneous inverted papilloma like?

A

small pore, cup-shaped
growth downward
abdomen
spontaneous regression common

33
Q

should you use immunosuppression for canine papilloma?

A

no

34
Q

who is canine viral plaque common in?

A

pugs
immunosuppression

35
Q

is UV exposure the primary cause of feline viral plaques?

A

no: lesions in haired and non-haired skin

36
Q

what are the proliferating cells in feline sarcoid?

A

mesenchymal
not epidermal

37
Q

what causes feline sarcoid?

A

BPV-14
cross-species infection- bovines

38
Q

where are lesions in feline herpes virus?

A

face usually
elsewhere reported
non-symmetrical

39
Q

how can feline herpesvirus dermatitis be diagnosed?

A

histology
immunohistochemistry
PCR

40
Q

what is the most relevant leishmaniosis in canine and feline?

A

L. infantum

41
Q

how is leishmaniosis transmitted?

A

sand flies
others maybe

42
Q

what is Th1 associated with in leishmaniosis?

A

protective response
subclinical

43
Q

what orthopedic signs are seen with leishmaniosis?

A

arthritis
lameness
myositis
ossteomyelitis

44
Q

what skin lesions are seen with leishmaniosis?

A

onychogryphosis
exfoliative dermatitis
erosions/ulcerations
nodular/papular/pustular

Clinical Dermatology (16 decks)

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