Parasitic, Viral, and Protozoal Skin Diseases Flashcards
what causes scabies?
Sarcoptes scabei
what are skin lesions like with canine generalized demodicosis?
severe generalized
what leads to the juvenile form of canine generalized demodicosis?
genetic defect leading to defective control of Demodex populations
what do papillomaviruses in dogs and cats target?
squamous epithelia
what are the common manifestations of papillomavirus in dogs?
oral papilloma
exophytic cutaneous papilloma
cutaneous inverted papilloma
pigmented viral plaque
what causes exophytic cutaneous papilloma?
canine papillomavirus 1, 2, 6, 7
what is the most common cause of feline viral plaques?
FcaPV2
which cats are predisposed to feline viral plaques?
sphinx
devon rex
what lesions are seen with scabies?
erythema
paules
itch
scaling
crusts
how long does canine scabies survive at room temperature off of the dog?
2-6 days
what do the adults do in scabies?
burrow tunnels in epidermis
release proteases and other enzymes
how does canine scabies respond to glucocorticoids?
non-responsive
poorly
temporarily
how common is a false negative with pinnal-pedal reflex for canine scabies?
20%
what can be used in a therapeutic trial to diagnose canine scabies?
selamectin
oral isoxazoline
how sensitive and specific is serology for canine scabies?
80-95% sensitive
75-100% specific
what are the FDA approved treatments for canine scabies?
selamectin/revolution
moxidectin/advantage multi
sarolaner/simparica
are demodex mites commensal?
yes- all mammals
Demodex gatoi is not- contagious
what is demodicosis?
inflammatory skin disease consequence of overgrowth of demodex mites
in whom is demodicosis seen?
common in dogs
others: immunosuppressed
what Demodex species impact dogs?
D. canis
D. injai
D. cornei
is pruritus seen with canine localized demodicosis?
no
what leads to the adult form of canine generalized demodicosis?
immunosuppression
what is pruritus like in canine generalized demodicosis?
low to moderate: when secondary infection present
how can you diagnose demodicosis?
history, exam
examine plucked hairs
deep skin scrapings
cytology to detect bacterial infection
occasional: biopsy
how can you treat canine generalized demodicosis?
isoxazolines
ivermectin
topical moxidectin
topical amitraz
where do papillomaviruses target?
squamous epithelia
how are papillomaviruses transmitted?
direct contact
what are koilocytes?
shrunk nuclei, peripheral halo, intracytoplasmic vesicles
seen on histopathology with papillomaviruses
is each syndrome of papillomaviruses associated with a distinct papillomavirus species?
yes
what are the common manifestations of papillomavirus in cats?
viral plaque and bowenoid in situ carcinoma
cutaneous/oral squamous cell carcinoma
feline sarcoid
where are lesions seen with exophytic cutaneous papilloma?
face
ears
extremities
what is cutaneous inverted papilloma like?
small pore, cup-shaped
growth downward
abdomen
spontaneous regression common
should you use immunosuppression for canine papilloma?
no
who is canine viral plaque common in?
pugs
immunosuppression
is UV exposure the primary cause of feline viral plaques?
no: lesions in haired and non-haired skin
what are the proliferating cells in feline sarcoid?
mesenchymal
not epidermal
what causes feline sarcoid?
BPV-14
cross-species infection- bovines
where are lesions in feline herpes virus?
face usually
elsewhere reported
non-symmetrical
how can feline herpesvirus dermatitis be diagnosed?
histology
immunohistochemistry
PCR
what is the most relevant leishmaniosis in canine and feline?
L. infantum
how is leishmaniosis transmitted?
sand flies
others maybe
what is Th1 associated with in leishmaniosis?
protective response
subclinical
what orthopedic signs are seen with leishmaniosis?
arthritis
lameness
myositis
ossteomyelitis
what skin lesions are seen with leishmaniosis?
onychogryphosis
exfoliative dermatitis
erosions/ulcerations
nodular/papular/pustular
