Food Animal Dermatology Flashcards
how many types of bovine papilloma virus are there?
6
where can bovine papilloma virus cause warts?
head, neck, trunk
teat-end
alimentary
genital
how long do warts usually last?
self-limiting
1-8 months
what causes ringworm in cows?
Microsporum sp
Trichophyton sp
what does ringworm cause in cows?
non-pruritic crusting alopecia
young: 2 months to 1 year
is cow ringworm zoonotic?
yes
how can you treat cow ringworm?
topicals: iodine, bleach
systemics: sodium iodide
what color does the indicator change to in the presence of dermatophytes in DTM?
red
due to alkaline change in medium
what are the three ways a cow can have photosensitization?
primary: liver failure
secondary: phylloerythrin (consume)
congenital
how can you treat photosensitization in cows?
remove from sunlight
look for primary agent or reason for liver disease
what is the agent of rainscald/dermatophylosis?
Dermatophilus congolensis
how can you treat rainscald?
remove crusts
wash with disinfectant shampoo
+/- systemic antibiotics
what does squamous cell carcinoma look like?
pink, cobblestone mass at mucocutaneous junction
what agents cause udder rot?
Fusobacterium
Bacteriodes
T. pyogenes
what are the agents of warble grubs?
Hypoderma lineatum
Hypoderma bovis
what are the signs of warble grubs?
spinal cord signs or bloat
stampeding
swellings on back
what are the two types of lice?
Anaplura: suckers
Malophaga: biters
what are the signs of pediculosis- lice?
pruritus
anemia
failure to thrive
which types of mange are reportable?
sarcoptic
psoroptic
how is mange/scabies spread?
direct contact
what does chorioptic mange look like?
tail mange
how can you treat mange/scabies?
systemic: ivermectin
topical: amitraz or moxidectin
how can you control cutaneous myiasis- blowfly strike?
crutch
dock
control diarrhea
control fly populations
what causes contagious ecthyma/orf/soremouth?
parapox virus
what causes warts?
bovine papilloma virus types 1-6
young: 6months to 2years
how can you vaccinate for warts?
autogenous
commercial
does dermatophytosis survive in the environment?
yes
how can you diagnose dermatophytosis?
KOH prep
DTM
how do you perform a KOH test to look for dermatophytosis?
scrape sample
cover with 10-20% KOH
15 minutes to gently heat
observe for hyphae and spores
what is congenital porphyria/pink tooth like?
photosensitization, anemia, poor growth
photoactive molecules deposited in skin and teeth
how doe secondary photosensitization agents work?
pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicity
what leads to rainscald?
normal flora
moisture and prior skin damage
what leads to squamous cell carcinoma?
age
lack of pigment
exposure to sunlight
how can you treat squamous cell carcinoma?
surgical removal
cryotherapy
sooner the better: locally invasive, 10% metastatic
how can you treat udder rot?
clean
apply drying agent
who is lymphosarcoma skin form seen in?
less than 3 years old
unrelated to bovine leukosis virus
what do warble grubs do?
larvae burrow through skin and migrate
overwinter in cow
migrate to subcutaneous in sspring
pupate during summer and leave
what should you be careful of with warble grubs?
when you deworm: do not in winter, because larvae overwinter around spinal cord and esophagus
what does sarcoptic mange look like?
intense pruritus
what does psoroptic mange look like?
intense pruritus
what does demodectic mange cause?
nodules
what causes sheep ked?
Malophagus ovinus
wingless flies
what is the true screwworm?
Cochliomyia hominivorax
reportable
attacks healthy tissue
how long do scabs from contagious ecthyma remain contagious?
up to 15 years
is contagious ecthyma/orf/soremouth zoonotic?
yes
