Paper 3 - Global Sporting Events Flashcards
Who established the first modern Olympic Games?
Baron Pierre De Coubertin
When was the first modern Olympic Games?
1896
Where was the first modern Olympic Games?
Athens
What was the philosophy of the first modern Olympic Games?
To bring countries together and to provide ‘healthy’ competition and devoid of politics with the taking part more important than the winning
What are the Olympic aims?
Fair play Education Developing peace and harmony Physical and moral qualities Unity Respect Equality
What are the Olympic values?
Friendship Excellence Determination Respect Inspiration Courage Equality
When was the British Olympic Association formed?
1905
What is the role of the BOA?
Plan and execute GB teams
Support team GB
Work with governing bodies
Develop Olympic movement in the UK
Is the BOA funded by the government?
Not funded by government, no political interest, dependent on commercial sponsorship and fundraising income
When was the international Olympic committee formed?
1894
Who was the international Olympic committee formed by?
Paris Congress
What is the IOC?
Owns all rights to the Olympic symbol and the Olympic Games themselves
Administers the Olympic movement and has headquarters in Lausanne, Switzerland
Members are appointed to the IOC and are responsible for selecting host cities
When was the first Paralympics?
1960
Where was the first Paralympics organised?
Rome
What was the Paralympics purpose and where did it take place?
A sports competition for WW2 victims with serious back injuries in Stoke Mandeville UK
When were other disability groups and sports added to the Paralympics?
Toronto 1976
When was the first winter Paralympic Games?
Sweden 1976
What are the Paralympic values?
Determination
Inspiration
Courage
Equality
What were the political exploitations of the Olympic Games?
Political propaganda/ideology
Human rights
Terrorism
Political protests/boycotts
Berlin 1936
Political propaganda - promoting Third Reich ideology
Hitter ensured stadiums were completed on time, athletes were training full time, he refused to place gold medals around Jesse Owens because he was black
To demonstrate Nazi Germany supremacy
Mexico 1968
Black power demonstration
Tommy Smith and Carlos Spencer used medal ceremony to wear black gloves and raise fist in the air - black power salute
To fight lack of civil rights in America
Munich 1972
Palestinian terrorist attack
Palestinian terrorists took hostage 11 Israeli athletes
Palestinians wanted release of 234 Palestinians imprisoned in Israeli
Moscow 1980
Boycott led by USA
USA refused to attend the Moscow olympics
In protest against Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan in 1979
Los Angeles 1984
Boycott led by the Soviet Union
Soviet Union refused to attend LA olympics, 14 nations refused to take part
Soviet Union blamed the commercialisation of the games and the lack of security measures
Discuss the positive and negative impact of hosting global sporting events on sport
Sponsorship - increase in sponsorship
Participation - more venues, more funding
Other lesser sport - focus on minority sports
Raise profile - raises profile of sport
Temporary - participation is only temporary
Sports deviance - highlighted by media
Discuss the positive and negative impact on hosting global sporting events on politics
Protests - embarrassing for country
Owens - Hitler’s reputation, reflects poorly
Leaders - gain votes/credit
Income - costs too high, negative to political party
Terrorist attacks - legacy can be damaging
Countries status - can bring unity and purpose
Shop window effect - raises status of country
Discuss the positive and negative impact of hosting global sporting events on the economy
Employment - facilities, transport, infrastructure
Commercial - benefit to goods sold
Over exaggerated - jobs and future benefits
Not long term - employment temporary
Montreal - economic loss, overspent
Increased tourism - means more money
Costly - bidding expensive, if failure can lead to loss
Discuss the positive and negative impact of hosting global sporting events on society
Systems of transport - better transport systems
Other areas no benefit - some areas don’t benefit
Cash - more money benefits population
Improved infrastructure - facilities, transport
Accommodation - built for event can be used
Locals vacate - local inhabitants vacate home
