Energy Systems Flashcards
A performer can wear suitable c________ to maximise heat loss
clothing
The ATP-PC system is used for activities of ? Intensity
Very high eg shot putt
A negative of the aerobic system is that there is a delay for ________ delivery
oxygen
How long does the aerobic system supply energy for?
3 minutes +
Altitude is the height of an area above ?
sea level
What fuel is replenished during the lactacid stage of EPOC?
Glycogen
Which energy system has a yield of only 1 ATP?
ATP-PC system
What is the ATP yield of the glycolytic energy system?
2 ATP
The site of the ATP-PC system is the muscle S___________
Sarcoplasm
How long does the glycolytic system provide energy for?
10 secs - 3 mins
Which enzyme breaks down glucose?
PFK
Give one side effect of altitude pre-acclimatisation
Altitude sickness
How long does it take for the body to acclimatise at altitude (2400m and above)?
2 weeks +
ATP is broken down by which enzyme?
ATPase
A respiratory effect of altitude post acclimatisation is an increased rate of ?
diffusion
The cristae of the mitochondria is the site for which stage of the aerobic energy system?
Electron transport chain
A positive of the glycolytic system is its ________ food fuel stores
large
Is the ATP-PC system aerobic or anaerobic?
Anaerobic
To maximise performance in heat, a performer can use ? to reduce core body temperature
cooling aids
What does pyruvic acid turn into without the presence of oxygen?
Lactic acid
A benefit of the aerobic system is that there are no ________ by products
fatiguing
The lactacid stage of EPOC increases the removal of waste products such as ______ ____ and carbon dioxide
lactic acid
The enzyme C______ K_______is used to break down phosphocreatine
Creatine Kinase
A negative of the ATP-PC system is that it leads to ? Fatigue
rapid
What are the 3 enzymes used in the glycolytic system?
GPP, PFK, LDH
How much oxygen is required for the lactacid stage of EPOC?
5-8 litres
There is an increase in ___ blood cell production post acclimatisation
Red
A type of reaction where energy is absorbed?
ENdothermic (ENters)
E.g energy released from breakdown of PC is absorbed by ADP + P to recreate ATP
Which enzyme is used to break down glycogen?
GPP
One effect of altitude is a decrease in oxygen binding with ?
haemoglobin
The ATP-PC system provides energy for ?
2-10 seconds
For what level of intensity is the aerobic energy system used for?
Low-moderate eg marathon
Name a thermoregulatory response to heat
Sweating
____ is the volume of oxygen consumed post exercise to return the body to its pre exercise state
EPOC
In h_____ conditions, there is a lower partial pressure of oxygen in the air
hypoxic
What is the yield of the electron transport chain?
34 ATP
Breathing rate ________ as a result of exercise in heat
increases
During the alactacid stage of EPOC, ATP and PC stores are replenished (? in 30 secs)
50%
What is the effect on blood as a result of water loss during exercise in heat?
Increased viscosity and decreased volume
An EXothermic reaction is where energy is ?
Released (EXited)
E.g from breakdown of PC to leave P + C + Energy
___________ drift is the upwards rise in heart rate during moderate activity associated with an increase in body temperature
Cardiovascular
The Krebs cycle take place in the _____ of the mitochondria
matrix
1-4 litres of oxygen is required for which stage of EPOC?
Alactacid
A positive of the ATP-PC system is that there are no fatiguing ?
By products
The alactacid stage of EPOC resaturates ? And myoglobin
haemoglobin
A C________ R_________is where products of one reaction are used in another reaction
Coupled Reaction
- P+C+Energy
- ADP+P+(Energy from above reaction) = ATP
What are the by products of the aerobic energy system?
Carbon dioxide and water
What is the total ATP yield of the aerobic energy system?
38 ATP
A cardiovascular effect of altitude pre-acclimatisation is a ________ in stroke volume
decrease
How long does the lactacid stage take place for?
3 mins - 24 hours
____________tion is the gradual adaptation to change in environment
Acclimatisation
Arterioles and pre-capillary sphincters close to the skin ____________ to reduce core body temperature during exercise in the heat
vasodilate
One benefit of the aerobic energy system is that it has a h___ ATP yield
high
What is the memory hook for energy systems?
YBFIESTA Y-Yield B-By Products F-Food fuel I-Intensity E-Enzymes S-Site and Stages T-Time A-Aerobic or Anaerobic
The alactacid stage of EPOC takes place up to ? After exercise
3 minutes
Lactic acid produced in the glycolytic system denatures ________, increases blood _________, decreases _______ pH and increases __LA
enzymes, acidity, blood, OBLA
Is the glycolytic system aerobic or anaerobic?
Anaerobic
