Paper 2 Sports Psychology - Leadership In Sport

Question 1

Leadership positions in sport

Answer 1

• Captain
• Manager
• Director
• Coach
• Physiotherapist
• Team sports psychologist

Question 2

Effective leader

Answer 2

• Good communication skills
• High motivation
• Enthusiasm
• Having a clear goal or vision
• Empathy

Question 3

Emergent leader

Answer 3

Emergent leaders come from within the group because they are skilful or because the rest of the team has selected them

Question 4

Benefits of emergent leaders

Answer 4

• They already know the players
• They already know the players play styles and vice versa
• Can won over the hearts and minds of teammates as they are seen as one of their own.

Question 5

Drawbacks of emergent leaders

Answer 5

• May not be the best man for the job

- Friendships May blur their judgment

Question 6

Perscribed leaders

Answer 6

Appointed to the team from an external source.

Question 7

Advantages of perscribed leaders

Answer 7

• More objective
• Could bring a fresh pair of eyes to the team
• Allows the team to pick the best man for the job

Question 8

Drawbacks of perscribed leaders

Answer 8

• They May not be aware of the team culture or the styles of play
• Will not know any of their teammates which could slow down decision making

Question 9

Leadership styles

Answer 9

• Autocratic
• Democratic
• Laissez faire

Question 10

Autocratic leadership

Answer 10

• Task oriented
• More dictatorial in style
• They make all of the decisions

Question 11

Demographic leaders

Answer 11

• Person oriented
• Value the views of other group members
• Tend to share decision making and show a great deal of interest in the individuals of the group.

Question 12

Laissez-faire leadership

Answer 12

• Make very few decisions and give very little feedback

- The individual group members do as they wish.

Question 13

Theories of leadership

Answer 13

• Trait theory
• Social learning theory
• Interactionist theory

Question 14

Trait theory

Answer 14

• If an individuals parents were generally anxious people then their child will also be anxious
• ‘Great leaders are born not made’
• Individuals have a genetic disposition to be a good leader

Question 15

Social learning theory

Answer 15

• An individual will learn from the people around them

- If they are around a good leader then they will become a good leader themselves

Question 16

Interactionist theory

Answer 16

• Mix of both trait theory and social learning theory
• An individual May have certain in born traits
• These are not evident unless a situation demands them

Question 17

Chelladurais multi dimensional model of sports leadership

Answer 17

1. The characteristics of the situation
2. The characteristics of the leader
3. The characteristics of the people who are to be led

Question 18

Contingency approach

Answer 18

The success of leadership traits is determined by situational factors

Question 19

Vicarious learning

Answer 19

The person observed that a reward is given to another person for certain behaviours and learns to emulate that same behaviour

Question 20

Chelladurais multi dimensional model of effective leadership

Practical example

Answer 20

ROCK CLIMBING:
Antecedents
SC - Outdoor rock climbing / perceived as a dangerous situation
LC - Experienced rock climber
Novice group with little experience rock climbing

Leader behaviour:
RB - Autocratic
AB - Leader making decisions and giving direct instructions
PB - Autocratic style telling the group members exactly what to do

Consequences:
Participant will have an effective rock climbing experience achieving success and experiencing a high degree of satisfaction