PAPER 1 - Memory Flashcards
What is the capacity of STM ?
7 +/- 2 items
Who researched STM capacity ?
Jacobs Miller
What is the duration of STM ?
18 - 30 seconds
Who researched STM duration ?
Brown ; Peterson and Peterson
What is the capacity of LTM ?
unlimited
What is the duration of LTM ?
potential to last a lifetime
Who researched the duration of LTM ?
Bahrick et al
What is CAPACITY ?
the amount of information a memory store can hold
What is DURATION ?
the length of time the memory store holds the information
What is CODING ?
the way which the information is stored
What is SEMANTIC MEMORY ?
contains our knowledge of the world, including facts but in the broadest possible sense
What is EPISODIC MEMORY ?
refers to our ability to recall events, they are quite complex because they are ‘time-stamped’ and require a conscious effort to recall
What is PROCEDURAL MEMORY ?
memory of actions of skills but don`t require a conscious effort to perform.
What did Baddeley (1966) investigate ?
acoustic v semantic encoding
immediate recall of acoustically sim and dis-sim and semantically sim and dis-sim words
What were the results of Baddeley (1966) coding experiment
- stm : words that sound similar are harder to recall but meaning had little effect
- ltm : semantically similar are harder to recall
What is the order of the Multi-Store Model of Memory ?
input - sensory register - attention - stm store - rehearsal - ltm store
Who researched the MSM ?
Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)
What did Glanzer and Cunitz do to research the MSMoM ?
presented participants with a list of words and asked them to immediately recall them.
What were the results of Glancer and Cunitz’s experiment ?
- words at the beginning are recalled (primary effect)
- words in the middle are forgotten (asymptote)
- words at the end are recalled (recency effect)
What are the 4 components to the WMM ?
- central executive
- visuo-spactial sketchpad
- phonological loop (articulatory contol system) (phonological store)
- episodic buffer (added in 2000)
Who designed the WMM ?
baddeley and hitch
What is one strength, linked with different areas, about the WMM ?
- different ares of the brain are activated depending on the task
- Posner = PET scans, visual = posterior, auditory = lateral
- support research
What is another strength, linking to support evidence, about the WMM ?
- support evidence from duel task research
- hitch and baddeley found performance decreased when participants had to do task that required the same slave systems.
- we can multitask if they require the same slave system e.g. articulatory and phonological