Pancreas and hormone

Question 1

5 different types of pancreatic cells

Answer 1

1. Acini - exocrine cells of the pancreas which produce digestive enzymes
2. Alpha cells - secrete glucagon
3. Beta cells - secrete insulin
4. Delta cells - secrete somatostatin
5. F cells - secrete pancreatic polypeptide

Question 2

Low blood sugar level mech

Answer 2

1. Hypoglycaemia
2. secretion of glucagon from alpha cells
3. Glucagon acts on hepatocytes to cause glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
4. Blood sugar levels rise

Question 3

High blood sugar level mechanism

Answer 3

1. Hyperglycaemia
2. insulin by beta cells of the pancreatic islets
3. Insulin causes
   • Glucose conversion to glycogen (glycogenesis)
   • Protein synthesis by smaino acid uptake

Question 4

Insulin release is stimulated by

Answer 4

1. ACTH
2. Hyperglycaemia
3. High levels of amino acids
4. Acetyle choleine - parasympathetic

Question 5

Glucagon secretion is stimulated by

Answer 5

1. Inc activity of sympathetic nervou system

2. Rise in amino acid if blood glucose is low

Question 6

Glucagon secretion inhibited by

Answer 6

• Insulin

* Somatostatin

Question 7

Insulin secretion inhibited by

Answer 7

Somatostatin

Question 8

Function of Somatostatin

Answer 8

• Inhibits insulin and glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide secretion
• Secretion inhibited by Pancreatic polypeptide
• slows absorbtion of nutrients from GI tract

Question 9

Pancreatic polypeptide function

Answer 9

Secretion stimulated by;
• Acute hypglycaemia

Secretion inhibited by;
• elevated blood glucose
• Somatostatin