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ABD > Pancreas A&P > Flashcards

Pancreas A&P Flashcards

1
Q

The _______ is a nonencapsulated organ located in the _________ and lies between the c-loop of the duodenum and extends to the splenic hilum.

A

pancreas, retroperitoneum

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2
Q

What are th 5 parts of the pancreas?

A 
Head (often nestled into the uncinate process)
uncinate process
neck
body
tail
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3
Q

Endocrine function of the pancreas

A

secrete indlulin via the islets of Langerhans directly into the bloodstream (non-ductal)

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4
Q

Exocirne function of the pancreas

A

secrete trysin, lipase, amylase directly through the ductal system

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5
Q

The normal pancreas measures < _____ cm when measuring A/P dimension.

A

3cm

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6
Q

What vessels provide blood to the pancreas?

A

celiac axis, SMA, splenic artery (supplies the head, body, tail)

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7
Q

The posterior wall of the stomach overlies which parts of the pancreas?

A

anterior border of the pancreatic body and tail

-have to get around the air in the GI structures

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8
Q

General pproaches to imaging the pancreas

A

TDx ML and anterior to the LLL, angle inferior to avoid STO and first part of duodenum
or
go inferior and point upward

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9
Q

Describe technique to better visulaize the pancreatic tail

A

PT drinks H2O in LLD position

then turn PT supine or RLD to scan COR from the SPL, H2O should fill the STO and duodenum and act as an acoustic window

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10
Q

Head of the pancreas is ______ to the IVC.

A

anterior

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11
Q

HEad of the pancreas is ______ to the duodenum.

A

medial

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12
Q

CBD is _____/______ to the pancreatic head.

A

posterior/lateral

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13
Q

GDA is _____/_____ to the pancreatic head.

A

anterior/lateral

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14
Q

The SMA and SMV are _____ to the neck of the pancreas.

A

posterior

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15
Q

SMA and SMV are ______ to the uncinate process.

A

anterior

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16
Q

The pancreatic tail is located ____ and _____ to the splenic hilum.

A

anterior and medial

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17
Q

Aorta is ______ to the body of the pancreas.

A

posterior

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18
Q

Celaic axis arises from the Ao at the ______ border of the pancreas.

A

superior border

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19
Q

SMA arises from the Ao at the _____ border of the pancreas.

A

inferior border

20
Q

Branches of the celiac axis

A

left gastric artery then divides into the common hepatic artery and splenic artery

21
Q

Spelnic artery follows a tortuous course along the _____ border of the ____ and _____ of the pancreas.

A

superior
body
tail

22
Q

The common hepatic artery divides into

A

proper heaptic artery

gastroduodenal arteries

23
Q

The proper hepatic artery travels ______ toward the liver and _____ to the portal vein and to the _____ of the bile duct.

A

superiorly
anterior
left

24
Q

The right gastric artery is a branch of the ____ _____ ____.

A

Proper heaptic artery

25
Q

GDA travels _____ to the first portion of the duodenum then _____ to the head of the pancreas.

A

posterior

anterior

26
Q

GDA divides into

A

right gastroepiploic artery

superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

27
Q

SMA is located ______ to the pancreas, ______ to the uncinate process, and ______ to the 3rd portion of the duodenum.

A

posterior
anterior
anterior

28
Q

The splenic vein is located on the _____ aspect of the pancreas.

A

posterior

29
Q

The ____ _____ joins the _____ _____ ___ to create the main portal vein.

A

splenic vein

superior mesenteric vein

30
Q

The SMV is located to the ____ of the SMA, _____ to the 3rd portion of the duodenum, and ____ to the uncinate process.

A

right
anterior
anterior

31
Q

The _____ ____ ____ drains the left lower quadrant sigmoid and descending colon and drains directly into the _____ _____.

A

inferior mesenteric vein

splenic vein

32
Q

CBD travels _____ to the 1st portion of the duodenum and the head of the pancreas to lie to the ____ of the main pancreatic duct.

A

posterior

right

33
Q

The CBD and duct of Wirsung (main pancreatic duct) join to become the ______ ____ _____, which opens into the 2nd portion of the duodenum at the _____ _____.

A

ampulla of Vater (hepaticopancreatic ampulla)

major papilla

34
Q

What is the accessory pancreatic duct?

A

duct of Santorini

35
Q

The duct of Santorini open into the ____ portion of the duodenum at the _____ _____, approx. ____cm proximal to the ampulla of Vater.

A

2nd
minor papilla
2cm

36
Q

Describe the lie of the 4 portions of the duodenum.

A

1st and 3rd are transverse

2nd and 4th are longitudinal

37
Q

The pancreatic duct is considered abnormal if it is >_____mm

A

2.0mm

38
Q

T/F - Pancreatic duct dilatation is typically due to stones within the duct of Wirsung from chronic pancreatitis or a stone at the ampulla of Vater.

A

T

39
Q

What 5 structures are in contact with the pancreatic head?

A 
IVC
CBD
GDA
Ampulla of Vater (terminal end of CBD)
Duodenal C loop (2nd portion)
40
Q

Digestive enzyme for carbohydrates produced by the pancrease and salivary glands

A

Amylase

41
Q

T/F - amylase is also secreted by the kidneys, so increased levels may be seen with renal disease.

A

T

slower rate of amylase clearance

42
Q

Digestive enzyme for fat.

A

Lipase

43
Q

Serum lipase levels _____ the amylase levels, although lipase rises ____ and _______ _______.

A

parallel

later, persists longer

44
Q

What 8 structures/vessels are seen in the longitudinal plane in the long axis at the pancreas.

A 
Ao
IVC
SMA
SMV
IMV
Left gastric artery
GDA
CBD
45
Q

What 8 structure/vessels are seen in the transverse plane in their long axis at the pancreas?

A 
RT/LT Renal Arteries
RT/LT Renal Veins
Splenic artery
splenic vein
IMA
MPV
Duct of Wirsung
Common Hepatic Artery

ABD (20 decks)

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