Palparea Toracelui Flashcards

1
Q

Ce informatii important firnizeaza

A
  1. Freamatul pectoral
  2. Prezenta frecaturii pleurale
  3. Amplitudinea miscarilor respiratorii
  4. Prezenta adenopatiilor axilare si supraclaviculare
  5. Edemul revelator din empiemul plrural
  6. Puncte dureroase toracice
  7. Prezenta emfizemului subcutanat
  8. Crepitatii osoase
  9. Starea tegumentelor (umiditate, temperatura, elasticitatea)
  10. Examinare glanda mamară
  11. Prezenta unir formatiuni tumorale de perete (lipoame)
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2
Q

Freamatul pectoral ce este si cum se obtine

A

= transmiterea vibratiilor corzilor vocale la peretele toracic

  • se obtine prin pronuntarea de catre pacient a cuvantului 33
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3
Q

Modificari fiziologice freamat pectoral

A

Accentuat: persoane slabe
Diminuat: obeze

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4
Q

Cum poate fi freamatul in mod patologic

A
  1. Diminuat
  2. Abolit
  3. Accentuat
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5
Q

Diminuarea framatului pectoral

A
  1. Ingrosarea peretelui toracic
  2. Interpunerea intre parenchimul pulmonar si peretelui toracic a unui mediu intrapleural
  3. Obstructii bronsice incomplete
  4. Coexistenta de leziuni nodulare si parenchimb pulmonar sanatos
  5. Relaxarea parenchimului pulmonar si acumularea de aer in alveole
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6
Q

Obstructii bronsice incomplete
- cum este freamatul pectoral
- exemple

A
  • freamat pectoral diminuat pt ca nu permit transmiterea completa a vibratiilor vocale
  • exemple:
    1. Astm bronsic
    2. Bronsita cronica purulenta
    3. Corpi straini intrabronsici
    4. Tumori compresive bronsice
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7
Q

Ingrosarea peretelui toracic
- freamat pectoral
- exemple

A
  • diminuat
  • exemple:
    1. Obezitate androida
    2. Edem toracic (edem revelator)
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8
Q

Interpunerea intre parenchimul pulmonar si peretele toracic a unui mediu intrapleural

  • freamat pectoral
  • exemple
A
  • diminuat
  • exemple:
    Lichid, aer, fibrina+calciu
  1. Pleurezii
  2. Pneumotorace
  3. Fibrotorace
  4. Pahipleurita calcara
  5. Tumori pleurale (mezoteliom)
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9
Q

Coezistenta de leziuni nodulare si parenchim pulomar sanatos

  • freamat pectoral
  • exemple
A
  • diminuat
  • exemple:
    1. Bronhopleumonie
    2. TBC
    3. Silicoza
    4. Metastaze pulmonare multiple
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10
Q

Relaxarea parenchimului pulomar si acumularea de aer in alveole
- freamat
- exemple

A
  • diminuat
  • exemple:
    1. Emfizem pulmonar
    2. Astm bronsic in criza
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11
Q

Abolirea freamatului pectoral cand

A
  1. Obstructii bronsice complete
  2. Acumularea in cantitate mare de lichid intrapleural sau aer sub presiune
  3. Leziuni grave ale corzilor vocale și laringelui ce duc la afonie
  4. Bronhopneumonii severe cu inindatie bronsuca si pneumonii masive de tin Grancher
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12
Q

Obstructii bronsice complete

  • freamat
  • exemple
A
  • abolit
  • exemple:
    1. Tumori intrabronsice
    2. Edem pulmonar acut (incadarea de catre TRANSUDAT a bronhiilor)
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13
Q

Acumularea in cant mare de lichid intrapleural sau de aer sub presiune

  • freamat
  • exemple
A
  • abolit
  • exemple:
    1. Pleurezii masive
    2. Hidrotorace
    3. Hemotorace
    4. Pneumotorace sufocant
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14
Q

Leziuni grave ale corzilor vocale si laringelui

  • freamat
  • exemple
A
  • abolit
  • exemple
    1. Cancer laringian
    2. Laringita edematoasa
    3. Tumori de corzi vocale
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15
Q

Accentuarea freamatului pectoral

A
  • in procesele de condensare pulmonara din:
    1. Pneumonii bacteriene
    2. Infarct pulmonar
    3. Tumori pulmonare de atelectazie
    4. Pneumonie tuberculoasa
    5. Chist hidatic pulmonar evacuat
    6. Caverna tuberculoasa
    7. Chiste aeriene congenitale

!! Conditia este ca aceste cavitati sa aiba diametrul mai mare de 6 cm si pereti netezi

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16
Q

Palparea punctelor dureroase toracice

A
  1. Punctele valleix
  2. Punctele frenice
17
Q

Punctele valleix

A
  • in numar de 3
  • in spatiile intercostale:
  1. Paravertebral
  2. Medioaxilar
  3. Parasternal

=> sensibile in nevralgia intercostala

18
Q

Punctele frenice

A
  1. Frenic sup in spatiul dintre cele 2 insertii ale sternocleidomastoidianului pe clavicula si stern
  2. Frenic inf: butonul diafragmatic al lui Mussy, pe linia sternala, la unirea acesteia cu coasta X

=> sensibile in nevralgia frenica