Palatogenesis Flashcards

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1
Q

when does formation of palate occur

A

week 6-12

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2
Q

what is the primary palate

A

limit off orals nd nasal cav

from fused medical nasa prominences (inter-max segment)

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3
Q

when does ossification centres palate around the perp plate

A

week 8

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4
Q

what ossification takes places mostly at palate

A

intramembranous ossifiction

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5
Q

what happens in intramebarnous ossify

A
mesenchyme cells 
osteoblasts
osteoid
mineral depo
ostebalst
osteocytes
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6
Q

what si the role of the secondary palate

A

sep nasal and oral cav

imp for mast - bolus form, sensation, speech

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7
Q

what do the mesenchymal cells do

A

matrix form
prolif
differentiate
everything at right place and time

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8
Q

when does beginngin of palatal shelves form

A

week 6

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9
Q

what si the relation of tongue when pal shelves forming

A

very constricted area palatal shelves have t grow down sides of tongue never stick to tongue epi doesn’t allow

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10
Q

at week 7 what are the palatal shells like

A

lateral are vertically orientated due to tongue obstruction

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11
Q

what happens to tongue at week 8

A

tongue withdraws backwards

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12
Q

when tongue drops what happens

A

lateral platal shelves flip into hoiontal orientation then fuse making secondary palate

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13
Q

what is the most common cleft palate

A

whole
or back
fuses from front to back

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14
Q

what is the overall palatal shelf elevation process

A

initially develop medial and downward then rapidly elevate and fuse

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15
Q

how does palatal shelf elevation come about

A

extrinsic forces to palate - tongue

intrinsic forces of palate

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16
Q

what are the extrinsic forces to the palate affecting palatal shelf elevation

A

tongue withdrawal

  • head lift from cardiac plate
  • meckels cart grow
  • other factors
17
Q

what dos meckels cart grow

A

grow forward to mandible allowing room for tongue to drop

18
Q

what re the inricsic factors infleuenicig the palatal shelf elevation

A

hydration of ECM

  • hyaluoronan GAG
  • binds 10x water
  • accumulates before elevation
19
Q

what are some ‘other’ intrinsic factors

A

mesenchymal cells - shorten and contract

forces directed by collagen

20
Q

when do the palatal shelves seem to be completely fused

A

week 12

21
Q

what si the fusion of the palatal shelves like

A

epi adhesion

  • sticky surface glycoprotein
  • specific doesn’t fuse tongue
22
Q

how does epi beween plates go away

A

enzymatic epi degeneration

  • epi-mesnchyme transition
  • apoptosis
  • migration to edges
23
Q

what fusion rebels can occur

A

cleft palate

epi remnants - cell rests = cysts = pani

24
Q

are palatal clefts common

A

one of most common congenital abnormalities (1:25000)

25
Q

is cleft palate more often seen male or female

A

in females due to fusion process starting week later

26
Q

what are some risk factors to fusion problems

A
smoking 
alcohol abuse
drugs
viruses
folic acid def
27
Q

how is HA made

A

3 diff enzymes
- HA synthase 1, 2, 3
(1 and 2) large molecular weight (3) smaller

28
Q

what is remodelling of face done by

A

surface depo

resorption