Development of the Mandible & Tongue Flashcards by Charlotte Smith

whats the mandibular process

developmental structure
lower1/3 face early dev
gives rise to mandible chin, lower lip

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what is the mandible

bone

lower jaw

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what is PA 1 imp for dev

mandible

mandibular arch

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what is PA 1, 2 and 3 imp for dev

tongue

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what is PA 4 imp for dev

4 thyroid gland

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what does PA 1 do

lay framework for dev of mandible through meckels cart

malleus and incus

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what re the muscles asscw with PA 1

muscle mast 
ABD
mylohyoid 
tensor tympani 
tensor veli palatini

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what is cart

sting flexible semi rigid support tissue

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what can act withstand

compression forces and yet can bend

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what is cart made by

chondroblasts and chondrocytes

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what is the ecm of cart made of

10% aggrecan
75% water
mx collage fibres

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what are the type of cart

hyaline
fibrocart
elastic

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what is hyaline

most common

glassy appearance

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what is fibrocart

tension insertions
intervertebral discs
reinforced with collagen bundles stop bones rubbing

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what is elastic cart

eternal ear and epiglottis
flexible and resilient
elastic fibres

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what is cart for

framework support - airways
articulating surfaces of bones
template for growth and dev long bones

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what are the cells of cartr

chondrblast

chondrocyte

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how do chondorblasts make cart

ECM sec by chondroblasts
trapped - chondrocytes form nests 2-4
lacunae

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what si the surface of most cart

dense irregular CT - perichondrium

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what id the outer layer of the crat

lots collagen prod fibroblasts and inner layer chondroblasts

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how is crd unlike other CT

avascular so doesn’t gain any extra nutrients etc

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what are the two growth mechanisms used for cart growth

interstitial growth

appositional growth

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what is interstitial growth

chondrocytes grow and divide lay down more matrix inside the existing cart dev

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what is appositional growth

new surface layers of matrix are added to pre existing matrix by chondroblasts from perichondrium

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where does meckels cart form

in mand under tongue comes around doesnt meet in midline

what is meckels cart

cart of 1st arch for mandible 6th week dev from otic capsule to midline symphysis

by week 10 what has happened to meckels crat

mand formed bone used mocked cart template

what comes from the posterior extremity of meckels cart

malleus and sphenomalleolar ligament

what comes from the the sphenoid to div of mand nerve of meckels cart

cart disappears | its fibrocellular capsule persists as spehnomandibuar ligament

what comes from the lingual forward to div of alv nerve of meckels

totally absorbed

what comes from meckels cart froward to midline

makes contribution to mandible by endochondral osification

what is CCN2 required for

or CT GF required for proper dev of orofacial region | mandibular morphogen

what does CCN2 accelrate

adhesion and aggregation 1st arch cells | promote remodel

what ossify for mand

intraemmbranous ossification

where si the primary centre of ossification for mand

between incisive and mental nerve

what are the growth factors involved in for of mandible

vascular endothelial GF (VEGF) | transforming GF beta 1 and some BMP's

what ossification takes place at secondary cartilage sites

endochondral

what is osteogenesis

process of laying down new bone material by osteoblasts

what does mand endochondral ossification

for fo condensed mesenchyme chondrocytes dev = cartilaginous element

what are th mandibular secondary cartilages

coronoid cart symphyseal cart condylar cart

when dos the condylar car appear and diaspeae

appear - 10-12 weeks | disappear at 20 y.o

when does the coronoid cart appear and disappear

appear - 14-16 weeks | disappear before birth

when does symphyseal cart appear and disappear

appear - 16 weeks | disappear 1st year after birth

how do secondary carts differ from primary

not part primary skeleton fibrocart stop rubbing appositional growth not interstitial

what does the endochondral ossify of secondary carts mean

surface depo of new cart calcification of sub-surface cart resorption of calcified tissue replace calcified cart w bone

what are some dev abnormalities of mandible

agnathia micrognathia maccrognathia

what is agnathia

no mandible lack ectomesenchyme in mand arch fatal

what is micrognathia

v small mand lack ectomesenchyme in arch downs syndrome

what is macrognathia

v large mandible genetic pituitary disordes - acromegaly

what does the 3rd arch form

``` greater horn of hyoid inf hyoid bone root tongue stylopharygeus nerve IX ```

when does the formation of tongue begin

week 4

what does formation of tongue involve

PA 1 PA 3 PA 4 occipital somites

what does PA 1 do in tongue form

2 lingual swellings laterally | tuberculum impar

what does pA 3 do in tongue form

hypobranchial eminence

what makes muscles assc with tongue

PA 4 | occipital somites

what does the foramen caecum form

thyroid gland form

what is diff of sulcus terminals

diff epi

how is there detachment of tongue ant 2/3

ectoderm grows between ant 2/3 and underlying arch | degenerates except in midline frenulum

what makes ant 2/3 lingual mucosa

PA 1 general sense - trigem taste - chords tymp facial

what makes post 1/3 lingual mucosa

PA 3 | inn glossopahrygeal

what is origin of palatoglossu

PA 4 | inn - phargeal plexus vagus

what forms other intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue

migration of occipital somites | inv - hypoglossal

what is the abnormal failure to fuse

bifid tongue - forked - triffid

what is imperfect detachment of tongue

ankyloglossia | tongue tie

what are some growth disorders assc with tongue

aglossia - arare microglossia - cleft palate macroglossia - downs

what is PA 2 called

hyoid arch

what is cart of PA 2

reicharts acrt

what does PA 2 from

stapes lesser horn and sup hyoid body styloid process stylohyoid ligament

what are the muscles assc with PA 2

facila esp and PBD

what gland assc with PA 2

thyroid gland nd tonsil

what is de of thyroid gland assc with

tongue dev

how si thyroid gland grown

epithelial down growth from foramen caecum migration down midline to thyroid disintegration fo thyroid duct

what are some abdnoamltitis with thyroid dev

ectopic thyroid gland tissue left behind thyroglossal duct persist

Development of the Mandible & Tongue Flashcards

(73 cards)