Development of the Mandible & Tongue Flashcards

(73 cards)

1
Q

whats the mandibular process

A

developmental structure
lower1/3 face early dev
gives rise to mandible chin, lower lip

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2
Q

what is the mandible

A

bone

lower jaw

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3
Q

what is PA 1 imp for dev

A

mandible

mandibular arch

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4
Q

what is PA 1, 2 and 3 imp for dev

A

tongue

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5
Q

what is PA 4 imp for dev

A

4 thyroid gland

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6
Q

what does PA 1 do

A

lay framework for dev of mandible through meckels cart

malleus and incus

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7
Q

what re the muscles asscw with PA 1

A
muscle mast 
ABD
mylohyoid 
tensor tympani 
tensor veli palatini
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8
Q

what is cart

A

sting flexible semi rigid support tissue

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9
Q

what can act withstand

A

compression forces and yet can bend

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10
Q

what is cart made by

A

chondroblasts and chondrocytes

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11
Q

what is the ecm of cart made of

A

10% aggrecan
75% water
mx collage fibres

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12
Q

what are the type of cart

A

hyaline
fibrocart
elastic

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13
Q

what is hyaline

A

most common

glassy appearance

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14
Q

what is fibrocart

A

tension insertions
intervertebral discs
reinforced with collagen bundles stop bones rubbing

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15
Q

what is elastic cart

A

eternal ear and epiglottis
flexible and resilient
elastic fibres

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16
Q

what is cart for

A

framework support - airways
articulating surfaces of bones
template for growth and dev long bones

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17
Q

what are the cells of cartr

A

chondrblast

chondrocyte

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18
Q

how do chondorblasts make cart

A

ECM sec by chondroblasts
trapped - chondrocytes form nests 2-4
lacunae

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19
Q

what si the surface of most cart

A

dense irregular CT - perichondrium

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20
Q

what id the outer layer of the crat

A

lots collagen prod fibroblasts and inner layer chondroblasts

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21
Q

how is crd unlike other CT

A

avascular so doesn’t gain any extra nutrients etc

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22
Q

what are the two growth mechanisms used for cart growth

A

interstitial growth

appositional growth

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23
Q

what is interstitial growth

A

chondrocytes grow and divide lay down more matrix inside the existing cart dev

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24
Q

what is appositional growth

A

new surface layers of matrix are added to pre existing matrix by chondroblasts from perichondrium

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25
where does meckels cart form
in mand under tongue comes around doesnt meet in midline
26
what is meckels cart
cart of 1st arch for mandible 6th week dev from otic capsule to midline symphysis
27
by week 10 what has happened to meckels crat
mand formed bone used mocked cart template
28
what comes from the posterior extremity of meckels cart
malleus and sphenomalleolar ligament
29
what comes from the the sphenoid to div of mand nerve of meckels cart
cart disappears | its fibrocellular capsule persists as spehnomandibuar ligament
30
what comes from the lingual forward to div of alv nerve of meckels
totally absorbed
31
what comes from meckels cart froward to midline
makes contribution to mandible by endochondral osification
32
what is CCN2 required for
or CT GF required for proper dev of orofacial region | mandibular morphogen
33
what does CCN2 accelrate
adhesion and aggregation 1st arch cells | promote remodel
34
what ossify for mand
intraemmbranous ossification
35
where si the primary centre of ossification for mand
between incisive and mental nerve
36
what are the growth factors involved in for of mandible
vascular endothelial GF (VEGF) | transforming GF beta 1 and some BMP's
37
what ossification takes place at secondary cartilage sites
endochondral
38
what is osteogenesis
process of laying down new bone material by osteoblasts
39
what does mand endochondral ossification
for fo condensed mesenchyme chondrocytes dev = cartilaginous element
40
what are th mandibular secondary cartilages
coronoid cart symphyseal cart condylar cart
41
when dos the condylar car appear and diaspeae
appear - 10-12 weeks | disappear at 20 y.o
42
when does the coronoid cart appear and disappear
appear - 14-16 weeks | disappear before birth
43
when does symphyseal cart appear and disappear
appear - 16 weeks | disappear 1st year after birth
44
how do secondary carts differ from primary
not part primary skeleton fibrocart stop rubbing appositional growth not interstitial
45
what does the endochondral ossify of secondary carts mean
surface depo of new cart calcification of sub-surface cart resorption of calcified tissue replace calcified cart w bone
46
what are some dev abnormalities of mandible
agnathia micrognathia maccrognathia
47
what is agnathia
no mandible lack ectomesenchyme in mand arch fatal
48
what is micrognathia
v small mand lack ectomesenchyme in arch downs syndrome
49
what is macrognathia
v large mandible genetic pituitary disordes - acromegaly
50
what does the 3rd arch form
``` greater horn of hyoid inf hyoid bone root tongue stylopharygeus nerve IX ```
51
when does the formation of tongue begin
week 4
52
what does formation of tongue involve
PA 1 PA 3 PA 4 occipital somites
53
what does PA 1 do in tongue form
2 lingual swellings laterally | tuberculum impar
54
what does pA 3 do in tongue form
hypobranchial eminence
55
what makes muscles assc with tongue
PA 4 | occipital somites
56
what does the foramen caecum form
thyroid gland form
57
what is diff of sulcus terminals
diff epi
58
how is there detachment of tongue ant 2/3
ectoderm grows between ant 2/3 and underlying arch | degenerates except in midline frenulum
59
what makes ant 2/3 lingual mucosa
PA 1 general sense - trigem taste - chords tymp facial
60
what makes post 1/3 lingual mucosa
PA 3 | inn glossopahrygeal
61
what is origin of palatoglossu
PA 4 | inn - phargeal plexus vagus
62
what forms other intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue
migration of occipital somites | inv - hypoglossal
63
what is the abnormal failure to fuse
bifid tongue - forked - triffid
64
what is imperfect detachment of tongue
ankyloglossia | tongue tie
65
what are some growth disorders assc with tongue
aglossia - arare microglossia - cleft palate macroglossia - downs
66
what is PA 2 called
hyoid arch
67
what is cart of PA 2
reicharts acrt
68
what does PA 2 from
stapes lesser horn and sup hyoid body styloid process stylohyoid ligament
69
what are the muscles assc with PA 2
facila esp and PBD
70
what gland assc with PA 2
thyroid gland nd tonsil
71
what is de of thyroid gland assc with
tongue dev
72
how si thyroid gland grown
epithelial down growth from foramen caecum migration down midline to thyroid disintegration fo thyroid duct
73
what are some abdnoamltitis with thyroid dev
ectopic thyroid gland tissue left behind thyroglossal duct persist