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Developmental Biology > Development of the face and maxilla > Flashcards

Development of the face and maxilla Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the front-nasal process

A

prominence in the upper facial area at the most cephalic end of embryo

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2
Q

what is the cephalic end

A

head end of a structure such as the trilaminar embryonic disc

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3
Q

what is the mandibular process

A

processes of first branchial arch that fuse at the midline to form mandibular arch

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4
Q

what si the mandibular arch

A

lower dental arch with mandibular teeth or th 1st branchial arch inferior to stomatodeum in the embryo

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5
Q

what is the max process

A

prominence from mandibular arch that grows sup and ant on each side of stomatodeum of embryo

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6
Q

what is the max arch

A

upper dental arch in which th max teeth form

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7
Q

what is the nasal placode

A

placodes that develop into olfactory organ fro sensation of smell located in mature nose

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8
Q

what is a placode

A

area of ectoderm found at the location of developing specil trans on embryo

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9
Q

what is stomatodeum

A

mouth opening covered in oropharyngeal mem which disintegrates in later dev

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10
Q

when does the development of the fact begin

A

around 4 weeks

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11
Q

where does th development take place

A

between brain and dev heart

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12
Q

what embryonic layers are involved in facial dev

A

all

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13
Q

what are the 5 facial processes

A

FNP
paired max
paired mand

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14
Q

what does the oropharyngeal see do

A

prevent anything entering the stomatodeum cavity (mouth)

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15
Q

what is ‘fusion’ not real

A

between medial nasal prominences

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16
Q

what is the process of ‘fusion’ not real

A

deep furrow between prominences
furrow disappear due to growing
elevation

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17
Q

what is true FUSION

A

between medial nasal provinces and max process

sep processes

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18
Q

what is the stomatodeum common chamber for

A

ora-nasopharyngeal

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19
Q

what is the primary palate

A

from the fused medial nasal proms - intermix segment

does not sep oral and nasal cavs- demarcates

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20
Q

what is present at 26 days

A 
nasal placode 
FNP 
1st arch 
max process
mand process
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21
Q

what is present at 27 days

A 
FNP 
nasal pit 
nasal prom 
max process
mand process
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22
Q

what is the nasal pit

A

enormous most of dev
growth factors FGF8
inwards from downwards

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23
Q

wat is present at 34 days

A

lateral nasal prom
medial nasal prom
eye at lateral aspect

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24
Q

what is present 36days

A

lat nasal prominence
medial nasal prominence together
eye moving medially

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25
Q

what is the inter maxillary segment

A

true fusion

outer part nose and primary palate

26
Q

when is the inter maxillary segment present

A

7 weeks

27
Q

when are there rough features of face

A

10 weeks

28
Q

what happens in the 4th week

A

primitive stomatodeum bound by FNP, max and mand processes

nasal placodes dev into nasal pits

29
Q

what happens in week 5

A

nasal pit surrounded by lat and medial nasal proms

30
Q

what is observed at week 6 and 7

A

medial nasal proms FUSE together and fuse with max processes

31
Q

what does FNP contribute to

A

forehead

bridge of nose

32
Q

what does medial nasal prom contribute to

A

philtre of lip
crest
tip of nose

33
Q

what does the lateral nasal prom

A

alas of nose

34
Q

what does the max prom contribute to

A

cheeks

lat upper lip

35
Q

what does mand prom contribute to

A

low lip

36
Q

what are the tow levels of mesenchyme

A

ectomesenchyme

mesenchyme

37
Q

when is the first sign of tooth dev

A

6 weeks

primary epi band

38
Q

when is nasal septum formed

A

week 7

39
Q

what is the nasal capsule

A

mesenchymal condensation
primary support fro dev max
continuous with carts of cranial base

40
Q

when is the ossification of mand

A

6-7th week

41
Q

when is the ossification of maxilla

A

8th week

42
Q

when s the ossification of the plate and nasal capsule

A

8th week

43
Q

what are the 2 methods of bone osteogenesis

A

intramembranous

endochondral

44
Q

can u tell when the bone is matured what ossification

A

no indistinguishable

45
Q

what is the process of inbtramembranuos ossification

A

mesenchymal cell s- osteoblasts
depo osteoid
mineral depo
osteoblasts trapped = osteocytes

46
Q

where are the primary centre of ossification for maxilla

A

max process
near nasal capsule
between nifraoribital nerve and is ant sup alv branch

47
Q

what does the infraorbital nerve do

A

add nerve growth factor made by nerves can get ossification

48
Q

what is affected by ifnraoribtal nerve

A

frontal process
zygomatic
alveolus
palate

49
Q

what is the pre maxilla in animals

A

separate pre maxilla

separate intermaxillay ossification centres

50
Q

do humans have a pre maxilla

A

no

51
Q

where are the ossification centres for pre maxilla

A

from maxilla

palatine bones

52
Q

where does vomer develop

A

inferior aspect of nasal septum

53
Q

what ossification does the vomer do

A

intramembranous

54
Q

when does vomer develop

A

week 8

55
Q

what are the main controls of the pattern formation

A

retinoic acids

growth factor families (5)

56
Q

what do retinoid acids do

A

if too much = cleft palate

precursors in development issues - bone metamorphic proteins

57
Q

what are the growth factor families

A 
BMP 
FGF
Shh
Wnt
Endothelins
58
Q

what does retinoid acids and GF fams actually do

A

control prolif, survival and apoptosis

59
Q

what si the prevalence of cleft lip

A

1:1000 births

uni or bilateral

60
Q

what factors can cause cleft lip

A

genes enviro factors

61
Q

what is cleft palate basically

A

fail of fusion of maxillary process with edialnaal process

Developmental Biology (12 decks)

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