Development of the face and maxilla Flashcards
what is the front-nasal process
prominence in the upper facial area at the most cephalic end of embryo
what is the cephalic end
head end of a structure such as the trilaminar embryonic disc
what is the mandibular process
processes of first branchial arch that fuse at the midline to form mandibular arch
what si the mandibular arch
lower dental arch with mandibular teeth or th 1st branchial arch inferior to stomatodeum in the embryo
what is the max process
prominence from mandibular arch that grows sup and ant on each side of stomatodeum of embryo
what is the max arch
upper dental arch in which th max teeth form
what is the nasal placode
placodes that develop into olfactory organ fro sensation of smell located in mature nose
what is a placode
area of ectoderm found at the location of developing specil trans on embryo
what is stomatodeum
mouth opening covered in oropharyngeal mem which disintegrates in later dev
when does the development of the fact begin
around 4 weeks
where does th development take place
between brain and dev heart
what embryonic layers are involved in facial dev
all
what are the 5 facial processes
FNP
paired max
paired mand
what does the oropharyngeal see do
prevent anything entering the stomatodeum cavity (mouth)
what is ‘fusion’ not real
between medial nasal prominences
what is the process of ‘fusion’ not real
deep furrow between prominences
furrow disappear due to growing
elevation
what is true FUSION
between medial nasal provinces and max process
sep processes
what is the stomatodeum common chamber for
ora-nasopharyngeal
what is the primary palate
from the fused medial nasal proms - intermix segment
does not sep oral and nasal cavs- demarcates
what is present at 26 days
nasal placode FNP 1st arch max process mand process
what is present at 27 days
FNP nasal pit nasal prom max process mand process
what is the nasal pit
enormous most of dev
growth factors FGF8
inwards from downwards
wat is present at 34 days
lateral nasal prom
medial nasal prom
eye at lateral aspect
what is present 36days
lat nasal prominence
medial nasal prominence together
eye moving medially
what is the inter maxillary segment
true fusion
outer part nose and primary palate
when is the inter maxillary segment present
7 weeks
when are there rough features of face
10 weeks
what happens in the 4th week
primitive stomatodeum bound by FNP, max and mand processes
nasal placodes dev into nasal pits
what happens in week 5
nasal pit surrounded by lat and medial nasal proms
what is observed at week 6 and 7
medial nasal proms FUSE together and fuse with max processes
what does FNP contribute to
forehead
bridge of nose
what does medial nasal prom contribute to
philtre of lip
crest
tip of nose
what does the lateral nasal prom
alas of nose
what does the max prom contribute to
cheeks
lat upper lip
what does mand prom contribute to
low lip
what are the tow levels of mesenchyme
ectomesenchyme
mesenchyme
when is the first sign of tooth dev
6 weeks
primary epi band
when is nasal septum formed
week 7
what is the nasal capsule
mesenchymal condensation
primary support fro dev max
continuous with carts of cranial base
when is the ossification of mand
6-7th week
when is the ossification of maxilla
8th week
when s the ossification of the plate and nasal capsule
8th week
what are the 2 methods of bone osteogenesis
intramembranous
endochondral
can u tell when the bone is matured what ossification
no indistinguishable
what is the process of inbtramembranuos ossification
mesenchymal cell s- osteoblasts
depo osteoid
mineral depo
osteoblasts trapped = osteocytes
where are the primary centre of ossification for maxilla
max process
near nasal capsule
between nifraoribital nerve and is ant sup alv branch
what does the infraorbital nerve do
add nerve growth factor made by nerves can get ossification
what is affected by ifnraoribtal nerve
frontal process
zygomatic
alveolus
palate
what is the pre maxilla in animals
separate pre maxilla
separate intermaxillay ossification centres
do humans have a pre maxilla
no
where are the ossification centres for pre maxilla
from maxilla
palatine bones
where does vomer develop
inferior aspect of nasal septum
what ossification does the vomer do
intramembranous
when does vomer develop
week 8
what are the main controls of the pattern formation
retinoic acids
growth factor families (5)
what do retinoid acids do
if too much = cleft palate
precursors in development issues - bone metamorphic proteins
what are the growth factor families
BMP FGF Shh Wnt Endothelins
what does retinoid acids and GF fams actually do
control prolif, survival and apoptosis
what si the prevalence of cleft lip
1:1000 births
uni or bilateral
what factors can cause cleft lip
genes enviro factors
what is cleft palate basically
fail of fusion of maxillary process with edialnaal process
