Pain treatments and opioids

Question 1

Anatagonist at all opioid receptors

Answer 1

Naloxone

Question 2

Side effects of opioids

Answer 2

Euphoria (mu receptors)
Respiratory depression
Nausea and vomiting
Constipation
Tolerance and dependance

Question 3

Mu action and agonist

Answer 3

Opens K channels

Morphine etc

Question 4

Delta action and agonsit

Answer 4

Opens K

DPDPE

Question 5

Kappa actions

Answer 5

Closes Ca channels

Question 6

ORL-1 action

Answer 6

Opens K channels

Question 7

Opioid GPCR coupled to

Answer 7

Gi

Inhibits adenylyl cyclase, less cAMP

Question 8

Heroin

Answer 8

Diamorphine, converted to morhpine in brain, More rapidly uptaken

Question 9

Morphine uses

Answer 9

Acute and chronic pain.

4 hrs half life

Question 10

Methadone

Answer 10

used to treat withdrawal from opioids as has less euphoria associated

Question 11

Fentanyl

Answer 11

Used for acute pain and anathsisia

High potency

Question 12

Oxycodone

Answer 12

Major drug of abuse in US

Question 13

Codeine

Answer 13

Used for mild pain.
Has low dependance as no euphoria
Can supress cough

Question 14

Tramadol

Answer 14

Weak agonist
Used for acute pain
No respiratory depression

Question 15

Loperamide

Answer 15

u agonist that cannot cross BBB, therefore is used to slow peristalsis in diarrhoea

Question 16

Chronic pain definition

Answer 16

Pain that persists beyond wound healing, can be musculoskeletal or neuropathic, but also has psychosomatic symptoms

Question 17

Chronic pain drugs

Answer 17

Tricyclic antidepressants
Gabapentin and pregabalin
Some epiletics

Question 18

Tricylic antidepressants action

Answer 18

inhibit NA uptake

Question 19

tricyclic examples

Answer 19

Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline
desipramine

Question 20

What pain type can nACh agonist help with

Answer 20

Neuropathic

Question 21

How do nACh agonists exert their effect

Answer 21

presynaptic nACh can modulate GABA to increase inhibition. Antagonists have the opposite effect