Pain- Patho Flashcards
4 parts of nociceptive pain
Stimulation, transmission, perception, modulation
What chemicals are involved in stimulation?
Bradykinins, K+, prostaglandins, histamine, leukotrienes, serotonin, substance P
Characteristics of A-delta fibers
fast, sharp, localized pain, myelinated
Characteristics of C fibers
Unmyelinated, dull, ache
Endogenous analgesic mechanisms: what is involved in the endogenous opiate system?
enkephalins, dynorphins, beta-endorphins, mu, delta, kappa receptors
NMDA receptors ____ the effects of opioids.
Decrease
NE and serotonin neurons appear to provide what two things?
Major descending modulation
Inhibition for transmission of nociceptive information to the rostral levels of the CNS
Features of the endogenous analgesia center
Periaqueductal gray
Noradrenergic neurons- inhibit at the spinal cord (clonidine)
Serotonin modulate- nucleus raphe magnus
ACh, GABA, neurotensin
Is neuropathic pain a diagnosis?
NO
Neuropathic pain definition
Pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system
Features of nervous system damage
Increased nerve cell firing
Decreased inhibition of neuronal activity in central structures, usually due to deafferentation
Intact circuitry at the central level but a gain in response (sensitization) such that normal sensory input is amplified and sustained
Features of continuous spontaneous transmission
Burning, throbbing, aching, shooting
Features of intermittent spontaneous transmission
Shooting, stabbing, electric-shock like
Hyperalgesia defintion
Increased pain from a stimulus that normally provokes pain
Allodynia definition
Pain from a stimulus that doesn’t normally provoke pain
