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Behavioral Neuroscience > Pain and Touch > Flashcards

Pain and Touch Flashcards

1
Q

A stimulus to the receptor produces a _____.

A

graded potential

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2
Q

If the graded potential generated by a stimulus is large enough, the receptor generates an _____.

A

action potential

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3
Q

Patterns of action potentials are _____ in a sensory system.

A

coded

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4
Q

A single neuron can convey stimulus intensity by changing the _____ of its action potentials.

A

frequency

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5
Q

Multiple neurons can act in _____ to strengthen the stimulus.

A

unison

as the stimulus strengthens, more neurons are recruited

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6
Q

Different neurons respond to different ranges of _____.

A

intensity

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7
Q

Range fractionation

A

different cells have different thresholds for firing, over a range of stimulus intensities

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8
Q

The _____ system detects touch and pain.

A

somatosensory

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9
Q

The four touch receptor classes are _____, _____, _____, and _____.

A

pain, touch, vibration, stretch

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10
Q

Free nerve endings reside in the _____ and respond to _____ and _____.

A

epidermis, pain, temperature

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11
Q

Merkel’s discs reside in the _____ and respond to _____.

A

epidermis, touch

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12
Q

Meissner’s corpuscles reside in the _____ and respond to _____.

A

dermis, touch

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13
Q

Pancinian corpuscles reside in the _____ and respond to _____.

A

dermis, vibration

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14
Q

Ruffini’s endings reside in the _____ and respond to _____.

A

dermis, stretch

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15
Q

Temperature receptors use the _____ pathway.

A

pain

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16
Q

Small _____ C fibers respond to _____ and _____.

A

unmyelinated, dull pain, low temperatures

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17
Q

_____ A-delta fibers respond to _____ and _____.

A

Myelinated, sharp pain, high temperatures

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18
Q

Capsaicin activates _____ via TRVP1 and is a _____.

A

C fibers, neurotoxin

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19
Q

Pancinian corpuscles run through _____.

A

dorsal root ganglia

20
Q

A dorsal root ganglion is comprised of _____.

A

unipolar cells

21
Q

Tonic receptors _____ action potential frequency.

A

gradually decrease

22
Q

Phasic receptors _____ action potential frequency.

A

quickly decrease

23
Q

Receptive fields contain the property of _____.

A

a single neuron

24
Q

Receptive fields differ in _____ and _____.

A

size, shape

25
Q

Most sensory pathways pass through the _____ and end in the _____.

A

thalamus, cerebral cortex

26
Q

the somatosensory cortex _____ after amputation of a hand.

A

reorganizes

27
Q

substance P is a _____ essential to responding to _____.

A

neurotransmitter, pain

28
Q

Congenital insensitivity to pain is caused by inherited _____ in pain fibers in _____.

A

mutated sodium channels, dorsal root ganglia

29
Q

Man on fire syndrome is cause by congenital _____ to pain.

A

hypersenstivity

30
Q

The spinothalamic system transmits _____ and _____.

A

pain, temperature

31
Q

Periaqueductal gray in the _____ is involved in _____.

A

midbrain, pain perception

32
Q

C fiber gates can be closed by increased activity in _____.

A

A fibers

33
Q

_____ delivers electrical pulses to the skin.

A

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)

34
Q

Neurogenic pain

A

pain resulting from damage to nerves

35
Q

Psychogenic pain

A

pain not due to disease, injury or any visible damage

36
Q

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy results in _____, _____ (stage 1), _____, _____, and _____ (stage 2)

A 
increased sensitivity of skin to touch (stage 1)
localized swelling
Swelling tends to spread (stage 2)
Hair and nails become brittle 
Muscle wasting begins
37
Q

Neurogenic pain is due to _____ of pain by neurons

A

inappropriate signaling

38
Q

Postsynaptic spinal cord neurons take up _____, released during _____, and remodel their _____.

A

substance P, pain, dendrites

39
Q

_____ of sympathetic input leads to dorsal horn neurons becoming _____: Increased spontaneous activity and response to all touch.

A

Overactivity, hyperexcitable

40
Q

Patients with chronic pain have overactive _____ at rest.

A

somatosensory cortex

41
Q

Sensory Integration Disorder results in stimulus _____ and _____.

A

avoiders, seekers

42
Q

Synesthesia

A

a stimulus in one modality creates a sensation in another

this food tastes blue

43
Q

Synesthesia results from _____, _____, or _____.

A

LSD
posterior temporal lobe seizure
result of blindness or deafness

44
Q

Pain is ultimately processed in the _____.

A

singulate gyrus

45
Q

The somatosensory cortex composed of half _____ and half _____ receptors.

A

Tonic, Phasic

46
Q

_____ is the ability to sense orientation, location, and position of body parts.

A

Proprioception

Behavioral Neuroscience (14 decks)

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