Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

cardiovascular system 1 > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What’s chronic pain

A

Pain greater than 12weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Depression is a Common comorbidity with chronic pain. True or false?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s primary chronic pain

A

No clear underlying condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

WHO pain ladder

A

See photo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What drug is useful in musculoskeletal pain

A

Nsaids, aspirin and PCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

List drugs used in sickle cell disease

A

Paracetamol and Nsaids, codeine and dihydrocodeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Drugs used in severe crisis in sickle cell disease

A

Morphine or diamorphine may be needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Drugs to avoid in sickle cell disease

A

Pethidine because it can cause seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dental pain and orofacial pain tx

A

NSAIDs ( Ibuprofen, Aspirin, Diclofenac) use pcm temporary
Benzydamine mouthwash/spray can be used
Diazepam a muscle relaxant and Anxiolytics used short term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dysmenorrhoea tx

A

Antiemetic to prevent vomiting
Pcm and NSAID used to provide relief
Oral contraceptive can be used to prevent pain associated with ovulatory cycles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A non-opiod analgesic used to tx headache, musculoskeletal pain , dysmenorrhoea and pyrexia is ….

A

Aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

State what to do to prevent GI problems associated with aspirin

A

Take dose after food , enteric coated preps have slow onset of action and therefore unsuitable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Aspirin interacts with…

A

Other drugs especially warfarin which is a special hazard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What drug can be used for pain not responding to non opiod analgesic but has more side effects

A

Nefopam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Indication of NSAID

A

Chronic disease accompanied by pain and inflammation
Short tx of mild -moderate pain but PCM more preferable esp in elderly
Suitable for dysmenorrhoea
Pain caused by secondary bone tumour
Use for post operative analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What drug is preferred over NSAIDs for patients with high risk of G.I side-effects

A

Cyclo-oxygenase 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Facts about caffeine

A

It is a weak stimulant and enhances analgesic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Facts about Opiods analgesic

A

To relief moderate- severe pain of visceral origin
Repeated used may cause dependence and tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Caution with opiod analgesic

A

Caution in impaired respiratory function, asthma, hypotension, MG, shock, convulsive disorder

20
Q

Opiod analgesic should be avoided in…

A

COPD

21
Q

Some opiod side effects

A

Respiratory depression- reversed by naloxone or artificial ventilation
Overdose can cause coma, Respiratory depression and pinpoint pupils

22
Q

Other side effects of opoid

A

Constipation
Dry mouth
N and V
Biliary spasm
Drowsiness
LT use - hypogonadism and adrenal insufficiency
Larger doses- muscle rigidity, hypotension, Respiratory depression

23
Q

Pt and carer advice for opoids

A

Drowsiness, may affect driving or skilled task

24
Q

Facts about morphine as a strong opiod

A

Most valuable opiod analgesic for severe pain despite causing N and V
Confers euphoria and a state of detachment in addition to pain relief
Given every 4hrs
Every 12- 24hrs as MR prep

25
Q

Facts about Buprenorphine

A

Has both opiod agonist and antagonist properties
May ppt withdrawal symptoms
Abuse potential and may cause dependent
Longer duration of action than morphine
Effective sublingually for 6- 8hours
Compared to other opoids , it’s effects are only partially reversed by nalaxone

26
Q

Patients and carer advice on the use of buprenorphine patches

A

Apply patch to dry, non irritated, non hairy skin on upper torso or outer
arm
Avoid heat and sauna as they can increase absorption
Remove after 72hrs/ 96hrs/ 7days
Avoid same area for atleast 3 weeks

Remove if breathing difficulties, drowsiness, confusion or dizziness

27
Q

Examples of patch applied for 7days

A

Prenotrix, hapoctasin , bupeaze, buplast and relevtec

28
Q

State patch applied for 6 days

A

Transtec

29
Q

Which buprenorphine patch that is applied weekly

A

Butec
Butrans
Reletrans
Sevodyne
Panitaz
Bupramyl

30
Q

Buprenorphine patch applied 4days/96hrs

A

Bupeaze
Buplast
Relevtec
Transtec

31
Q

Buprenorphine patches applied for 3days/72hrs

A

Prenotrix
Hapoctasin

32
Q

Facts about methadone

A

Less sedating than morphine
Should not be administered more than BD to prevent risk of overdose and accumulation
Pt who miss 3 or more days are at risk of OD due to tolerance , reducing dose

33
Q

What’s Oxycodone used for

A

Pain control in palliative care

34
Q

Facts about pethidine

A

Less constipating than morphine
Prompt but short lasting analgesia

35
Q

Facts about Tramadol

A

Analgesia by opiod effect and enhancement of serotogenic and adrenergic pathway

36
Q

Drugs used to tx neuropathic pain

A

Amitriptyline, nortriptyline, pregabalin, gabapentine and tramadol
Plasters can be used
Capsaicin cream- burning sensation can occur during initial tx and limit use

37
Q

Tx of acute Migraine

A

Tx guided by response and Severity of the attacks
Aspirin , soluble pcm effective
Offer 5HT1 receptor agonist if above meds ineffective
Antiemetic may be required
Excess use of Migraine medication can cause over use headache

38
Q

What medication is licensed specifically for Migraine attacks

A

Tofenamic acid

39
Q

Other drugs licenced for Migraine attacks

A

Diclofenac, potassium, flurbiprofen and Ibuprofen

40
Q

A 5HT1 agonist used to tx cluster headaches is

A

Zolmitriptan and sumatriptan

41
Q

List the type of Migraine Triptans not indicated for

A

Hemiplegic, basillar or opthalmoplegic Migraine

42
Q

An example of ergot alkaloid use to tx Migraine

A

Ergotamine tartrate
Use to manage cluster headaches

43
Q

An antiemetic used in Migraine that promote gastric emptying and normal peristalsis is known as

A

Domperidone and Metoclopramide

44
Q

List examples of medication used in Migraine prophylaxis

A

Beta blockers eg propranolol, atenolol, metoprolol, nadolol and timolol
TCAs
Gabapentine
Topimirate
Sodium valproate
Pizotifen (may cause WG)
Botulinum toxin type A( chronic migranes in adult)

45
Q

Drugs used to tx cluster headaches

A

Sumatriptans by SC injection
Sumatriptan nasal spray or Zolmitriptan (unlicensed) if injection is unsuitable
100% Oxygen at a rate of 10-15L/min for 10-20 mins is useful in aborting attack

46
Q

Drugs used for prophylaxis of cluster headache

A

Attacks last greater than 3weeks
Can’t be treated effectively
Verapamil or lithium ( unlicensed)
Prednisone ( short term)
Ergotamine tartate

47
Q
A

cardiovascular system 1 (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions