Page 22 Flashcards
How does the structure of alkyl halides affect E2 and SN2 reactions?
A: The structure impacts the reaction rate. E2 reactions are faster with more substituted alkyl halides, while SN2 reactions are faster with less substituted alkyl halides.
How does the structure of alkyl halides affect E2 and SN2 reactions?
A: The structure impacts the reaction rate. E2 reactions are faster with more substituted alkyl halides, while SN2 reactions are faster with less substituted alkyl halides.
How does the structure of alkyl halides affect E2 and SN2 reactions?
A: The structure impacts the reaction rate. E2 reactions are faster with more substituted alkyl halides, while SN2 reactions are faster with less substituted alkyl halides.
What is the trend for the rate of E2 reactions with respect to alkyl halide substitution?
A: The rate increases as the number of R groups on the carbon bearing the leaving group increases:
1° < 2° < 3°
Why does the E2 reaction rate increase with more substituted alkyl halides?
A: More substituted alkyl halides stabilize the transition state due to hyperconjugation and electron-donating effects from the additional alkyl groups.
How does the rate of SN2 reactions compare to E2 reactions regarding substitution?
A: SN2 reactions are faster with less substituted alkyl halides because steric hindrance slows down the nucleophilic attack in more substituted compounds.
Which type of alkyl halide is most reactive in E2 reactions?
A: Tertiary (3°) alkyl halides react fastest in E2 reactions.
What is the key difference in how E2 and SN2 mechanisms respond to steric hindrance?
A:
• E2 reactions: Less affected by steric hindrance due to a single-step mechanism involving a base.
• SN2 reactions: Significantly slowed by steric hindrance because the nucleophile must directly attack the carbon bearing the leaving group.
