Paeds

Question 1

How is congenital hypothyroidism tested?

What is the incidence?

Answer 1

Heel-prick

1 in 4000 babies

Question 2

What are the signs of congenital hypothyroidism?

Answer 2

Prolonged neonatal jaundice, hypotonia, puffy face, short stature, delayed milestones
Untreated: cretinism

Question 3

Causes of hypothyroidism in children?

Answer 3

Most common: autoimmune thyroiditis

Others: post- total body irradiation (ALL), iodine deficiency

Question 4

Why does CAH cause a salt-losing crisis and ambiguous genitalia?

Answer 4

21-hydroxylase needed for aldosterone + cortisol synthesis - can cause neonatal shock

More ACTH is produced, causing hyperplasia of gland and excess androgens

Question 5

PLACEHOLDER

Answer 5

Cyanotic heart disease

Question 6

Management of threadworms

Answer 6

Mebendazole 100 mg stat
(+ again in 2 weeks)
Consider treating whole family

Question 7

Presentation of Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Answer 7

Typically affects younger children after URTI

Rash looks v similar to bruises - starts at back of legs and buttocks or anywhere pressure is exerted (eg sock tops)

May be associated with: abdo pain, bloody diarrhoea, joint pain, severe cases: renal failure