Paediatrics Flashcards
Neonate
Birth - 4wks
Infant
4wks - 1yr
Child
1-12yrs
Adolescent
12-18yrs
Pediatric Medication Challenges
- Adverse effects and medication errors
- Dose form availability
- Taste and palatability
Gastroenteritis Symptoms
- Sudden profuse watery diarrhoea and vomiting
- Abdominal tenderness
- Blood or mucus in stools - refer
- Fever, headache, aching limbs
- Self-limiting
Gastroenteritis Causes
Viral: Rotaviruses
Bacterial: Food or water contamination
- Dehydration is main complicating factor
Gastroenteritis Tx
- Rehydrate
- Dont drink sports drinks
Varicella (Chickenpox) Cause
- Viral illness VZV
- Highly contagious
- Once contracted, with us for life and lies dormant
Varicella Symptoms
- Rash of red spots
- Spots become blisters
- Fever
- Malaise
- Intense itch
Varicella Tx
- Solosite
- Pinetarsol liquid
- Analgesics
- Calamine lotion
Measles Cause
Viral disease - infection of respiratory system caused by morbillivirus
Measles Symptoms
- Fever
- Cough
- Runny nose
- Red eyes
- Maculopapular (round and raised), erythematous rash
Measles Tx
Rest and plenty of fluids in darkened room to protect eyes
German Measles (Rubella) Symptoms
- Mild fever
- Rash
- Runny nose
- Sore throat
- Swollen lymph glands
- Aching joints
German Measles Cause
- Infectious viral disease caused by rubella virus
- Spread from infected person via droplets from nose or mouth or direct contact
German Measles Tx
Rest and plenty of fluids
Mumps Symptoms
- Fever
- Loss of appetite
- Tiredness/malaise
- Headaches
- Tenderness and swelling of salivary glands
Mumps Cause
- Infectious viral disease caused by Mumps virus
- Spread from infected person via droplets from nose or mouth or direct contact
Mumps Tx
- Rest and plenty of fluids
- Simple analgesics
MMRV Vaccine
Protection against Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella viruses
Coxsackie Virus (Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease) Symptoms
- Blisters start as red dots and become ulcers
- affects inside cheeks, gums, side of tongue, hand and feet
- Fever
- Sore throat
- Malaise
Coxsackie Virus Cause
- Infectious disease caused by coxsackie virus
- Spread from infected person via droplets from nose or mouth or direct contact
Coxsackie Virus Tx
- Rest and plenty of fluids
- Simple analgesics
- Wash hands to avoid transmission
Impetigo (School Sores) Symptoms
- Mainly on face, around nose and mouth
- Starts as small, red, itchy patch of inflammed skin
- quickly developes into vesicles that rupture and weep
- Dries to a brownish-yellow, sticky crust
Impetigo Counselling
- Highly contagious
- Dont share items
- Wash linen and clothing
- Keep nails short to prevent scratching
Impetigo Tx
- Antihistamines to relieve itch
- Refer to GP for antibiotics
Impetigo Cause
Highly contagious bacterial infection - staphylococcus aureus or staphylococcus pyogenes
