Analgesics

Question 1

Paracetamol

Answer 1

Analgesic antipyretic - reduces production of prostaglandins in CNS
- First line for mild to moderate pain
Precaution: Chronic liver disease

Question 2

Paracetamol Dose

Answer 2

Adults - 500-1000mg every 4-6hrs (Max. 4000mg/24hrs)

Children - 15mg/kg every 4-6hrs (Max. 60mg/kg/24hrs)

Question 3

Paracetamol Counseling

Answer 3

• Use only 1 brand
• Max dose (liver damage)
• With or without food
• Safe long term - duration depends on condition

Question 4

NSAIDs

Answer 4

• Ibruprofen
• Aspirin
• Diclofenac
• Naproxen
• Mefenamic Acid
  Reduces prduction of prostoglandins in CNS and PNS
  Precautions: Elderly and Asthma

Question 5

When to Use NSAIDs

Answer 5

• in addition to paracetamol
• instead of paracetamol in anti-inflammatory is needed
• lowest efective dose over short period
• only one used at a time (exluding low dose aspirin)

Question 6

Ibruprofen Dose

Answer 6

Adult - 200-400mg every 4-6hrs (Max. 1200mg/24hrs)
Adult (S4) - Max 2400mg/24hrs
Children - 5-10mg/kg every 4-6hrs (Max. 30mg/kg/24hrs)

Question 7

Aspirin Dose (only >16yrs)

Answer 7

Anti-inflammatory:
300-900mg every 4-6hrs (Max. 4000mg/24hrs)
Anti-platelet:
100mg once daily - can be used with other NSAIDs

Question 8

NSAIDs Counseling

Answer 8

• Take with food
• One NSAID at a time
• Can be used with paracetamol
• Short term use

Question 9

Codeine

Answer 9

• Alters perception of pain
• Available in combination with paracetamol or NASAIDs
• pro-drug that is converted to morphine
• Precaution: Elderly and

Question 10

Codeine Counseling

Answer 10

• Drowsiness
• Avoid Alcohol
• Constipation
• Use for less than 3 days

Question 11

Local Anaesthetics

Answer 11

Blocks sensation of pain at site of injury

- ‘caine’ suffix