Paediatrics Flashcards
what method of hearing test is used in the school entry health screening program?
pure tone audiometry
what method of hearing test is used in the newborn screening program?
otoacoustic emission test
what is the most appropriate measure of obesity in children?
BMI adjusted to age and gender
what is the management for whooping cough?
oral macrolide (clarithromycin, erythromycin, azithro) if within 21 days of onset of cough
what are the features of congenital rubella?
sensorineural deafness
cong cataracts
cong ht disease
glaucoma
what are the features of congenital CMV?
low birth weight
purpuric skin lesions
sensorineural deafness
microcephaly
what are the features of an irritant dermatitis nappy rash?
due to irritant effect of urinary ammonia and faeces
creases characteristically spared
most common cause
what are the features of a candida dermatitis nappy rash?
erythematous rash
involves flexures
characteristic satellite lesions
what is the initial management for transposition of the great arteries?
maintenance of ductus arteriosus with prostaglandins
PgE1
what is the effect of NSAIDs/indometacin on PDAs?
encourages closure
features of tetralogy of fallot?
PROVE
Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta
VSD
(ejection systolic murmur)
mgt meningitis less than 3 months old?
cefotaxime and amoxicillin
minimum time between MMR vaccine doses?
<10 years old - 3 months
>10 - 1 month
features of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
10-15y
more common in obese boys
hip/groin/thigh/knee pain
loss of internal rotation of leg in flexion
mgt of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
internal fixation with single cannulated screw
ix for slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
AP and lateral X rays
puberty order rhyme mnemonics?
boobs, pubes, grow, flow
grapes, drapes, grow, blow
investigation of choice for pyloric stenosis?
USS abdo
mgt of pyloric stenosis?
ramstedt pyloromyotomy
coughing followed by periods of turning blue?
pertussis
(bordetella pertussis)
other names for erythema infectiosum?
fifth disease
slapped-cheek syndrome
caused by parvovirus b19
features of erythema infectiosum?
lethargy, fever, headache
‘slapped-cheek’ rash spreading to proximal arms and extensor surfaces
virus causing hand foot and mouth?
coxsackie a16
(hand foot mouth cox)
cyanotic congenital heart diseases?
TOF
transposition
tricuspid atresia
blood gas in pyloric stenosis?
hypochloraemic hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis
features of retinoblastoma?
absence of red reflex
strabismus
visual problems
what virus causes roseola infantum?
HHV 6 - rosixola
which virus causes kaposi’s sarcoma?
HHV8
investigation for intussusception?
abdo USS
which organism causes croup?
parainfluenza virus
management of spasticity in CP?
oral diazepam
oral and intrathecal baclofen
botulinium toxin type A
orthopaedic surgery
selective dorsal rhizotomy
features of turners syndrome?
45X0
short stature
wide spaced nipples
webbed neck
cardiac - bicuspid aortic valve/ coarctation
»> ejection systolic murmur
primary amenorrhea
most common heart lesion associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
dilated cardiomyopathy
mgt meningitis in less than 3 month old?
IV amoxicillin and cefotaxime
mgt meningitis in >3months?
IV cefotaxime
+ steroids if: purulent CSF, CSF WCC>1000, raised CSF WCC with protein over 1g/l, bacteria on gram stain
edward’s syndrome?
trisomy 18
micrognathia
low set ears
rocker bottom feet
overlapping of fingers
patau syndrome?
microcephaly
