Packet #16 Flashcards
1
Q
Which bases derive from purine?
A
adenine & guanine
2
Q
Which bases derive from pyrimidine
A
cytosine and thymine
3
Q
What base found in DNa but not in RNA?
A
thymine
4
Q
What base in RNA but not in DNA?
A
uracil (replaces thymine)
5
Q
Which bases pair together?
A
A-T and C-G
6
Q
What are 3 components of a nucleotide?
A
sugar, base and phosphate group
7
Q
What protein involved in sickle cell?
A
hemoglobin
8
Q
aptamer
A
An aptamer is an oligomeric (short) strand of synthetic DNA that is used as a drug
9
Q
Gene therapy
A
Gene therapy is the treatment of a genetic disorder by replacing the unhealthy gene in a person’s chromosomes with a healthy variant of the same gene. Viruses are often used as vectors for the healthy genes used in gene therapy.
10
Q
DNA replication
A
- DNA helicase: unwinds the two chains
- DNA polymerase: builds new complimentary chains for each of the 2 separate DNA chains. One DNA chain serves as a template for building its own complimentary chain
11
Q
DNA
A
- deoxyribonucleic acid
- anti-parallel chains
- double helix
- Real human DNA is 2 pllymers made of 2.9 billion base pairs.
12
Q
RNA transcription
A
- A portion (gene) of the DNA unwinds (The DNA segment (gene) is a template for building the RNA chain in step #2
- The body builds an RNA chain that is complimentary to the gene (complimentary to the segment of DNA that is unwound)
- The RNA serves as a template for building a protein
