Packet #11

Question 1

Reactions of carboxylic acids:

Reaction with H₂O

Answer 1

CH₃COOH + H₂O ⇔ CH₃COO^-+ H₃O⁺

Acid-base reaction

Question 2

Reaction of carboxylic acid:

Reaction with strong base:

Answer 2

CH₃COOH + H₂O ⇔ CH₃COO-Na+ + H₃0+

Yields a carboxylic acid salt and water

Question 3

Reaction of carboxylic acids:

Reaction with an alcohol:

Answer 3

CH₃COOH + CH₃OH ⇔ CH₃COOCH₃ + H₂O

Substituton reaction to yield an ester

Question 4

Reaction of carboxylic acids

Reaction with an amine:

Answer 4

CH₃COOH + CH₃NH₂ ⇔ CH₃CNHCH₃ + H₂0

Yields an amide. Needs heat as a catalyst.

Question 5

Reaction of an ester:

Hydrolysis

Answer 5

CH₃COOCH₃ ⇔ CH₃COOH + CH₃OH

Reaction takes place with acid and water catalyst.

Yields an acid and an alcohol

Question 6

Reaction of an ester:

Hydrolysis with a strong base:

Answer 6

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂COOCH₃ + NaOH ⇔ CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂COO-Na+ + CH₃OH

Water catalyst

Yields a carboxylate anion and an alcohol

Saponification

Question 7

Reaction of amides:

Hydrolysis:

Answer 7

CH₃CNHCH₃ ⇔ CH₃COOH + CH₃NH₂

Acid or base catalyst along with water

Yields an acid (carboxylic) and an amine

Question 8

Formic Acid

Answer 8

HCOOH

Question 9

Acetic Acid

Answer 9

CH₃COOH

Question 10

CH₃CH₂COOH

Answer 10

Propionic acid

Question 11

CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH

Answer 11

Butyric Acid

Question 12

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂COOH

Answer 12

Valeric Acid

Question 13

CH₃(CH₂)₁₆COOH

Answer 13

Stearic acid

Question 14

What is a dicarboxylic acid and how is it named?

Answer 14

A carboxylic acid with two COOH groups. Named by adding -dioc acid to the alkane name. ( The -e is retained).

Question 15

OMSG - name first 4 dicarboxylic acids

Answer 15

• Oxalic
• Malonic
• Succinic
• Glutaric

Question 16

Oxalic Acid

Answer 16

HOOCCOOH

Question 17

HOOCCH₂COOH

Answer 17

Malonic Acid

Question 18

HOOCCH₂CH₂COOH

Answer 18

Succinic Acid

Question 19

HOOCCH₂CH₂CH₂COOH

Answer 19

Glutaric Acid

Question 20

Acetyl group

Answer 20

CH₃C==O group.

Question 21

How do you name an ester?

Answer 21

Two words. First name the alkyl group on the right of the oxygen. Then name the parent acid with an ending of -ate.

Example: CH₃CO–O–CH₂CH₃

Ethyl Acetate

Question 22

How do you name an unsubstituted amide?

Answer 22

If it has an unsubstituted –NH₂ group: name the carboxylic acid portion and change ending to -amide.

Question 23

How do you name a substituted amide?

Answer 23

Use the prefix N before the name of whatever alkyl group is attached to the Nitrogen. Then name the parent carboxylic acid with the ending changed to -amide.

Example: N,N, Dimethylacetamide

Question 24

Esterification

Answer 24

The reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid to yield an ester plus water.

Question 25

Saponification

Answer 25

The reaction of an ester with aqueous hydroxide ion to yield an alcohol and the metal salt of a carboxylic acid

Question 26

HCOOH

Answer 26

Formic Acid

Question 27

CH₃COOH

Answer 27

Acetic Acid

Question 28

Propionic acid

Answer 28

CH₃CH₂COOH

Question 29

Butyric Acid

Answer 29

CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH

Question 30

Valeric Acid

Answer 30

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂COOH

Question 31

Stearic acid

Answer 31

CH₃(CH₂)₁₆COOH

Question 32

• Oxalic
• Malonic
• Succinic
• Glutaric

Answer 32

OMSG - name first 4 dicarboxylic acids

Question 33

HOOCCOOH

Answer 33

Oxalic Acid

Question 34

Malonic Acid

Answer 34

HOOCCH₂COOH

Question 35

Succinic Acid

Answer 35

HOOCCH₂CH₂COOH

Question 36

Glutaric Acid

Answer 36

HOOCCH₂CH₂CH₂COOH

Question 37

CH₃C==O group.

Answer 37

Acetyl group

Question 38

The reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid to yield an ester plus water.

Answer 38

Esterification

Question 39

The reaction of an ester with aqueous hydroxide ion to yield an alcohol and the metal salt of a carboxylic acid

Answer 39

Saponification