p2 - topic 8: personality disorders Flashcards
avoidant pd - treatment
psychodynamically oriented therapies
cbt
group therapy
medications
schizotypal pd - treatment
psychodynamic
cbt
group therapy
interpersonal therapy
fam and marital therapy
medications: only used to reduce symptoms of anxiety, paranoid thinking, depression
cluster c types
dependent pd
avoidant pd
obsessive compulsive pd
paranoid pd - causes
mostly in males
more common among 1st degree bio relatives of those with schizo + delusional disorder
might be learned early, child may adopt paranoid ways of thinking as coping mechanism
personality disorders characteristics
- have traits that cause them to feel and behave in socially distressing ways
- is longstanding, maladaptive and inflexible ways of relating to the environment
- early onset
- disorders cause problems for the persons who suffer from it and also to people who are significant in the individual’s life
obsessive compulsive pd - causes
overcontrolling, emotionally withholding, critical parenting, high expectations, little room for error
antisocial pd - treatment
highly unresponsive to any form of treatment
long term structured residential settings
schizotypal pd - causes
roots in family
family is emotionally reserved, have high degree of formality, impersonal communication style
inadequate amounts of affection to child and insufficient amounts of emotional stim
antisocial pd - causes
children born to parents diagnosed with antisocial pd (adoptive home may decrease child’s risk)
linked to childhood physical / sex abuse, some undiagnosed neurological disorders + low EQ
cluster a types
paranoid pd
schizoid pd
schizotypal pd
avoidant pd - causes
parental criticism
rejection + neglect
avoidance as a defense mechanism
obsessive compulsive pd - treatment
psychodynamic oriented therapies
cbt
meds (treat symptoms of anxiety + depression)
dependent pd - causes
over-involvement and intrusive behaviour by caretakers
emotionally restrictive family environment
histrionic pd - causes
parental attentional patterns
- excessive attention
- emphasis on child’s emotions when dramatic
- conditional attention
cultural factors + societal expectation
- encouragement of extroversion and expressiveness
- discouragement of dramatic expression
narcissistic pd - causes
- early parental relationship (emotionally neglectful and critical early environment, often mother is unsympathetic and distant)
- formation of a grandiose self
- splitting mechanism
- long term impacts (unconscious repression of the unlovable and needy aspects of themselves means that, although they
consciously present a confident and even arrogant facade, self worth based on external validation)
paranoid pd - treatment
psychotherapy
medications (low doses of antipsychotic)
schizoid pd - treatment
psychodynamic oriented therapies
cbt
group therapy
fam + marital therapy
medication: no definitive medication
borderline pd - causes
bio genetic and environmental factors
strong evidence to support link between childhood experience (neglect, abuse, early separation)
difference in structure of brain and brain function
associated with excessive activity in parts of brain that control experience and expression of emotion
histrionic pd - treatments
cbt
group therapy
fam therapy
medications: pharmacotherapy (not treatment of choice unless it occurs with another disorder)
cluster b types
antisocial pd
borderline pd
narcissistic pd
histrionic pd
borderline pd - treatment
psychotherapy (schema, mentalisation, dialectical)
medications: antidepressants, antipsych, anxiolytics, mood stabilisers, anticonvulsants
schizoid pd - causes
roots in family
family is emotionally reserved, have high degree of formality, impersonal communication style
inadequate amounts of affection to child and insufficient amounts of emotional stim
dependent pd - treatment
psychodynamic oriented therapies
cbt
group therapy
medication: treat symptoms of anxiety and depression
