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GCSE RE > P1- Redemption > Flashcards

P1- Redemption Flashcards

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1
Q

Difference between the Church and a church

A

The Church- The people of God among whom Christ is present

A church- The building in which Christians worship

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2
Q

Two main purposes of a Catholic Church

A

-To provide a space where they can meet to worship together

-To provide a space for individual prayer

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3
Q

Catholic Churches before 1965

A

-Faced east toward Jerusalem
-Shape of a cross (reminder of Jesus’ death)
-Altar against east wall (priest facing away from congregation)

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4
Q

Catholic Church after 1965

A

-Altar moved forward to centre of Church
-Shape built around the altar as the focal point
-More focused on ensuring as many people can see and join in with the mass

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5
Q

Three ways that churches help and inspire worship

A

-Care put into the design/decor of church to show devotion and respect to God

-Side chapels (smaller areas) for believers to pray in a quiet space

-Statues of saints to encourage/inspire Christians to follow their examples

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6
Q

Four ways Catholics believe that Christ is present at Mass

A

Altar
Tabernacle
Lectern
Crucifix

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7
Q

What is the altar

A

The place of sacrifice where the bread and wine is offered to God at mass and consecrated into Jesus’ body and blood

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8
Q

Why is the altar important

A

-Christ is truly present , offering himself to the Father on behalf of humanity

-In return, Father offers Body and Blood of Christ to strengthen the lives and faiths of believers

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9
Q

What is the tabernacle

A

A box where the consecrated hosts (bread) are kept after Mass

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10
Q

Why is the tabernacle important

A

-Houses the Real Presence of Christ so many like to pray in front of it

-Inspires a deep sense of peace as it reminds Catholics that Christ cares for them

-Can be taken to people who can’t go to mass

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11
Q

What is the lectern

A

The reading stand, from where Bible readings are given

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12
Q

Why is the lectern important

A

-As Jesus is the Word of God made flesh, Christ is truly present when the Word of God is proclaimed

-Readings from OT remind us how God guided his people from the beginning whereas NT teaches us about Jesus’ actions/teachings

-Clearly hear and see the Word of God

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13
Q

What is the crucifix

A

A model or image of a cross with Jesus crucified on it

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14
Q

Why is the crucifix important

A

-Reminds Christians of Jesus’ suffering to save humanity

-Inspires gratitude and love for all Christ has done for humanity like forgiving their sins

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15
Q

Why do some Christians prefer to use a cross or a Risen Christ instead of a crucifix

A

-Focuses on Christ as the risen and glorified saviour
-Reminds Catholics that in Communion they receive the Body, Blood, Soul and divinity of the Risen Christ
-Emphasises importance of Jesus’ resurrection

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16
Q

Definition of restoration

A

When things are brought back to the way God intended for them to be

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17
Q

What is the relationship between free will and sin

A

God made all of creation perfect but also gave humans free will. Humans can us their free will to sin. The Church teaches all people are born with a tendency to commit sin (original sin). Sin has broken the relationship between God and humanity and the whole of creation. God the Son became Jesus to help restore this broken relationship

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18
Q

Why did God give humans free will

A

He wanted humans to actively choose him rather than follow him because they can’t do anything else

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19
Q

How did Jesus’ death restore God’s creation and His relationship with humanity

A

Christians believed Jesus lived his life in total obedience to the will of God the Father, both in life and through the sacrifice of his death. This helped to restore the relationship between God and humans that had been broken by sin.

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20
Q

How did Jesus’ resurrection restore God’s creation and His relationship with humanity

A

As Jesus didn’t sin, he wasn’t held away from God by death and sin. Jesus was raised back to life 3 days after his death which destroyed the ultimate power of sin and death.so people could be with God after death. It also helped to restore the harmony of creation.

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21
Q

How did Jesus’ ascension restore God’s creation and His relationship with humanity

A

40 days after Jesus was resurrected, he rose up to heaven to take his place beside the Father as the Son of God. His resurrection and ascension have helped to restore the cosmic order by making the whole of creation as perfect as God intended it to be.

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22
Q

Definition of redemption

A

Through his atonement for our sins, Jesus secured our salvation

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23
Q

Why is Jesus’ death important

A

It redeemed humanity through his total obedience to God by dying on the cross. An important element of Jesus’ death is that he continued to show love even when suffering

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24
Q

Why is Jesus’ burial and descent to the dead important

A

When Jesus died and was buried, people believe he joined everyone who died before him meaning God is with us in death.

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25
Q

Definition of resurrection

A

The rising of Christ from the dead 3 days after crucifixion

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26
Q

Why is Jesus’ resurrection important

A

-Made life after death possible by destroying the ultimate power of sin and death
-When Jesus resurrected, all those who died before him rose up to heaven with him

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27
Q

Why is Jesus’ ascension important

A

-Shows Jesus is with the Father, sharing his glory for all of eternity
-Just before, Jesus promised to send his Spirit to all meaning Jesus continues to work in and through his believers
-Gives faith that all believers will go to Heaven

28
Q

Why is Pentecost important

A

-Holy Spirit gave the apostles the courage and ability to go out into the world to teach people about Jesus and spread the word of God

29
Q

How Jesus is the example

A

-Sets an example for us to follow by being obedient to the will of the Father by going through the suffering of dying on the cross

-Through following his example, humanity is saved

30
Q

How is Jesus the restorer

A

-Jesus restored the relationship between God and humans through dying on the cross

31
Q

How is Jesus the victor

A

-Jesus’ death is a victory of good and evil

-Jesus experienced pain and death as humans and by bringing the presence of God into those experiences, Jesus was victorious over them

-Made it possible for people to share i n the final defeat of suffering and death

32
Q

What is salvation

A

Being saved from sin by Jesus’ death and resurrection

33
Q

Salvation as an ongoing process in the PAST

A

Jesus’ death and resurrection brought humans salvation. Sinners were freed from the power of sin and death ( Jesus destroyed) which made it possible to go to heaven

34
Q

Salvation as an ongoing process in the PRESENT

A

Sin still exists and people have to choose to resist the temptation to sin and accept forgiveness when they do. The holy spirit guides people to salvation.

35
Q

Salvation as an ongoing process in the FUTURE

A

Will be completed at the end of time. When the Kingdom of God is established, the power of sin and death will be destroyed and everyone will share in the glory of Christ

36
Q

Contrasting Christian view on salvation

A

It is only a past process and therefore is complete

37
Q

3 ways that salvation is reflected in the Mass

A

-Christ offering himself to the father is re-enacted so Catholics are also offering themselves up with Christ

-Through receiving Holy Communion, Catholics receive body and blood

-Christ enters their lives to give grace and strength to resist sin

38
Q

Explain St Irenaeus’ salvation metaphor

A

The metaphor makes use of the parallels between Adam and Jesus in the symbol of two trees. Humans were lost by eating from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil but saved by The Tree of the Cross that Jesus died on. Jesus’ obedience by dying saved us all.

39
Q

Explain St Anselm’s salvation metaphor

A

Jesus’ obedience paid a ransom for humans sins and he used a metaphor from the slave trade. Just as slaves could be freed by enough money, humans are freed by Jesus’ obedience which allows them to go to Heaven

40
Q

What is the conscience

A

Christians believe it is the voice of God in their heart and soul guiding them to do what is right

41
Q

2 different ‘sides’ of the conscience according to Catholics

A

1) Made up of natural instinct- People are born with understanding of right and wrong which helps Christians instinctively do good and avoid evil

2) Needs to be educated- Must be developed and shaped by listening to others and Church teachings. They can only do what is right when they have enough knowledge to make the right decision

42
Q

The conscience is guided by the…

A

Holy spirit

43
Q

What does the quote “A well formed conscience will never contradict the moral law, as taught by Christ and his Church” teach about the conscience

A

If the decision a person makes clearly goes against the moral law and Jesus’ teachings, then their conscience cannot be formed/ educated well enough and needs to be exercised more

44
Q

4 beliefs Catholics hold about the conscience

A

1) A voice of God in each person

2) Has to be listened to alongside reason to make decisions

3) Must be educated through listening to others, praying, experience etc

4) If uneducated, can lead to misunderstanding and misinterpretation of issues

45
Q

What happens during the Penitential Rite

A

Catholics come together at Mass to apologise to God and each other for any of their sins .

46
Q

Why is the Penitential Rite important

A

It strengthens their relationship with God as they accept God has forgiven and redeemed them

47
Q

What happens during the Liturgy of the Word

A

Readings are given from the Bible with one taken from the Gospel.

48
Q

Why is the Liturgy of the Word important

A

It reminds Catholics that God has guided his people. Through the Gospel, Jesus shows in his words and actions, how God loves us all

49
Q

What happens during the Liturgy of the Eucharist

A

Priest says a special blessing to consecrate the bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ

50
Q

Why is the Liturgy of the Eucharist important

A

It reminds us of Jesus’ sacrifice by redeeming us from sin

51
Q

What happens during the Communion Rite

A

The congregation receive the Eucharist which binds them to Christ.

52
Q

Why is the Communion Rite important

A

They receive God’s grace which gives them strength and guidance to resist sin and follow Jesus’ teachings.

53
Q

What happens during the Final Blessing

A

The Priest sends the congregation to spread God’s word and share the presence of Christ

54
Q

Why is the Final Blessing important

A

Helps spread the Kingdom of God on earth

55
Q

What are the Words of Institution

A

The Words Jesus said at the Last Supper

“This is my body which will be given up for you”
“Which will be poured out for you and for many for the forgiveness of sins”
“Do this in memory of me”

56
Q

At what point during the mass are the Words of Institution said

A

During the Liturgy of the Eucharist when the bread and wine are consecrated into the body and blood of Christ

57
Q

Two reasons why the Words of Institution are important

A

-Christians share in the redeeming effects of Jesus’ death and resurrection

-The bread and wine are consecrated into Jesus’ body and blood

58
Q

What is the Agnus Dei

A

The prayer said shortly after Communion

“Lamb of God, you take away the sins of the world, [have mercy on us/grant us peace]”

59
Q

Why is the Agnus Dei important

A

-The sacrifice of a lamb saved the Jews from being killed by the Angel of Death

-Jesus is the new Lamb of God as he sacrificed himself for humans to be freed from sin

60
Q

What is Eucharistic Adoration

A

Honouring the Real Presence of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine

61
Q

Two ways Catholics show adoration or respect to the Eucharist

A

-Benediction services (service where you pray in front of the Tabernacle which houses the real presence of Christ)

-Receiving Communion on the tongue to remind them they are receiving Jesus himself

62
Q

Two belies Catholics hold about the importance of the Eucharist

A

-Mass is the ‘source’ of Christian life= Body and Blood gives life to the soul and keeps the Sabbath day holy by celebrating the day of resurrection

-Mass is the ‘summit’ of Christian life= Offering of Christ on the cross is the highest form of prayer to God

63
Q

What do Orthodox Christians believe about the Eucharist

A

-Very similar to Catholics as they believe Christ is fully present in body and blood
-More emphasis on symbolism
-Behind iconostasis screen as it is too holy to be seen by the congregation
-Only celebrated as a community

64
Q

What do Anglican Christians believe about the Eucharist

A

-Some believe b+w becomes b+b
-Many believe Spirit of Christ is received when communion is given
Christ is spiritually present but doesn’t literally become b+b
-Christ is present in the community that share the Eucharist

65
Q

What do Nonconformist Christians believe about the Eucharist

A

-It is a memorial of the Last Supper so it is done to remind them of that event
-Christ is present in particular Bible readings
-Christ enters people’s lives when they receive the communion

66
Q

What do Quakers and the Salvation army believe about the Eucharist

A

-Don’t celebrate any form of Eucharist
-Believe Christ is present through the Spirit who inspires their prayers/actions
-Don’t practise the sacraments as they believe the whole of life is a sacrament

GCSE RE (10 decks)

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