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GCSE RE > P1- Incarnation > Flashcards

P1- Incarnation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the incarnation?

A

When God took on human condition in Jesus to show his love for humanity

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2
Q

Why is the incarnation important to Christians?

A

Helps Christians to know God better as He lived among us and it is also why humans can have a loving relationship with God in order to go to Heaven.

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3
Q

Summarise Luke 1:26-38

A

The annunciation when angel Gabriel asked Mary to be the mother of the Son of God. The angel said the Holy Spirit will come upon her and the power of the Most High will overshadow her making her child Holy and the Son of God.

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4
Q

Quotes from Luke 1:26-38 (Annunciation)

A

“You will conceive in your womb and bear a son”
“He will be great and will be called the son of the Most High”

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5
Q

What does Luke 1:26-38 teach Christians

A

Jesus is fully human and fully God. Born of a human woman but conceived through the power of the Holy Spirit

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6
Q

Summarise Matthew 1:18-24

A

Joseph was frustrated and annoyed with Mart as he thought she had cheated on him. Just as they were separating, an angel of the Lord spoke to him to explain the circumstances

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7
Q

Quotes from Matthew 1:18-24 (God’s message to Joseph)

A

“For the child conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit”
“You are to name him Jesus for he will save his people from their sins”

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8
Q

What does Matthew 1:18-24 teach Christians?

A

Jesus is being sent to earth to save humanity from sin. It confirms that he is the Son of God

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9
Q

Similarities between John 1:26-38 and Matthew 1:18-24

A

Both Mary and Joseph agree to angel’s commands, both explained how Jesus will be the Son of God from the Holy Spirit, Jesus will be born a virgin, Jesus means saviour, Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit

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10
Q

Differences between John 1:26-38 and Matthew 1:18-24

A

Luke’s also says Elizabeth will have a baby, Matthew’s talks about how Jesus will be known as Emmanuel, Written for different audiences as Matthew’s was wrote for the Jews and Luke wrote for the Gentiles

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11
Q

What does the quote ‘In the beginning was the word’ from John 1 teach about the word of God

A

The Word existed before all things. Other Gospels show what happened when the Word became human (as Jesus) but John is explaining the further dimension that the Word is an eternal being.

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12
Q

What does the quote ‘The Word was God’ from John 1 teach about the word of God

A

The Word of God is inside God and is His self expression just like a word coming from within a person and is an expression of what is inside that person

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13
Q

What does the quote ‘The Word was with God’ from John 1 teach about the word of God

A

It indicates that whilst the Word and God are united and co-exist, there is a distinction between them. The Word of God is how God expresses his power.

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14
Q

What does the quote ‘the Word of God became flesh and made his dwelling among us’ from John 1 teach about the word of God

A

Jesus is God made fresh and God’s self expression. God took on human nature and came to earth to live as a human being

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15
Q

What does the quote ‘We have seen his glory […] full of grace and truth’ from John 1 teach about the word of God

A

Jesus is God’s gift to humanity to help them learn how to respond to God’s love. Christians believe God doesn’t force people to choose him but stretches out his hands and hopes they will accept his grace.

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16
Q

What does the title ‘Son of Man’ teach Christians about Jesus

A

Son of Man is a title that could refer to either Jesus being just a human being, or a human who is given power by God

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17
Q

Quote about Jesus as the Son of Man

A

“Then he began to teach them that the Son of Man must undergo great suffering […] and be killed, and after three days rise again”- Mark 8:31

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18
Q

What does the title ‘Son of God’ teach Christians about Jesus?

A

The Son of God means the Son of the Blessed One which means Jesus was the only Son of God the Father

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19
Q

Quote about Jesus as the Son of God

A

“ ‘Are you the Messiah, the Son of the Blessed One?’ Jesus said ‘I am’ “ which shows that Jesus knew and glorified the fact that he was God’s only son.

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20
Q

What is the Nature of Jesus

A

Fully God and Fully Human

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21
Q

What does the Ichthus symbol look like and what does it mean

A

Ichthus is a symbol of a fish. It is based on a Greek acronym meaning ‘Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour’. In early Christianity, people drew it to show they were Christians. It also reminds humans that Jesus is the Son of God

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22
Q

What do the Alpha and Omega signs look like and what do they mean

A

These symbols are the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet which are used to show that God and Jesus are eternal, the beginning and end of all things. Especially seen on the Paschal Candle.

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23
Q

What does the Chi-Rho symbol look like and what does it mean

A

(A cross with a P) Represents Jesus as it makes up the first two letters of his Greek name. The first two letters of the Greek word ‘Christ’ translate to ‘Messiah’. A reminder of Jesus’ death on the cross to save the world.

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24
Q

Four features of the Sacred Heart Statue

A

1) Holes in Jesus’ hands to show he was nailed to the cross to die for humanity

2) Flames from heart to show Jesus’ burning love for humanity

3) Crown of thorns around heart to show the crown placed on Jesus’ head when mocked by soldiers at crucifixion

4) Piercing through the heart to show one of soldiers piercing Jesus’ side with a spear after he died

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25
Q

Why do Catholics use Sacred Heart statues and what are they a reminder of

A

A reminder of how much love Jesus has for humanity and the extent of the pain and struggle he endured to save out sins

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26
Q

Ways that Catholics use religious art

A

As a stimulus for worship and prayer

To learn about the aspects of God’s work

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27
Q

3 reasons why Catholics agree with the use of religious art

A

1) Appreciate work done by other Christians which was a talent given to them by God

2) As a stimulus for prayer to worship God “Whoever venerates an image, venerates the person portrayed in it” (Youcat)

3) Educated us on qualities of God and Jesus and some events from bible

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28
Q

3 reasons why Catholics disagree with the use of religious art

A

1) 10 Commandments- 2nd is “You shall not worship false idols” should not make paintings of God which could be wrong

2) God is infinite so He cannot be represented using finite human means

3) Might mislead people into thinking God is a certain way and that we are worshipping the statue/ painting as a God

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29
Q

Why do some Christians disapprove specifically of art that shows Jesus (2 reasons)

A

1) 2nd commandment indicates it’s wrong to worship images and some may believe that Christians are worshipping the statues

2) Depicting Jesus as human can be misleading as it ignores the fact he is also fully God

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30
Q

Why is religious art of Jesus more effective than religious symbols

A

Allows Christians to see everything more visually so prayer is easier. Also means they can appreciate the work of other Christians

31
Q

What does it mean that Christian’s believe that Jesus ‘fulfilled the law’

A

This means that he generally followed the law, but also developed it to make it perfect. Jesus taught that it was more important to focus on people’s attitudes rather than their actions (which was what was taught as the laws in the Old Testament)

32
Q

What is the Sermon on the Mount

A

The sermon is a talk that Jesus gave to his followers to teach them how to live a life dedicated to pleasing God.

33
Q

What does the law (Old Testament) teach about Anger/Murder

A

‘You shall not murder’

‘Whoever murders shall be liable to judgement’

34
Q

What does Jesus teach about Anger/Murder at the Sermon on the Mount

A

You shouldn’t get angry with someone as anger can turn to violence which is a sin

35
Q

What does the law (Old Testament) teach about adultery

A

‘You shall not commit adultery’

36
Q

What does Jesus teach about Adultery at the Sermon on the Mount

A

You shouldn’t look lustfully at someone as that can lead you to committing adultery

37
Q

What does the law (Old Testament) teach about revenge

A

‘Eye for eye and tooth for tooth’

38
Q

What does Jesus teach about Revenge at the Sermon on the Mount

A

Don’t retaliate or respond to anger or violence with more anger or violence

39
Q

What does the law (Old Testament) teach about treatment of your enemies

A

‘Love your neighbour as yourself’

40
Q

What does Jesus teach about Treatment of your enemies at the Sermon on the Mount

A

Showing love to your neighbour means everyone even those you don’t like

41
Q

State 3 Beatitudes and explain what they mean

A

“Blessed are the meek for they will inherit the earth”- Meekness models Jesus’ humility, and humans should be humble like Jesus

“Blessed are the pure in heart, for they will see God”- A pure heart has no hidden motives. It is an internal purity from the soul that pleases God.

“Blessed are the merciful, for they will receive mercy”- Christians receive aid by God’s gift of mercy which He showed because He loves us, so we should do the same.

42
Q

Summarise the Parable of the Sheep and the Goats (Matthew 25:31-46)

A

It is a story where Jesus tells his followers that in serving and caring for others, they serve God. Jesus uses the example of a shepherd who separates his sheep from his goats in order for his followers or understand what judgement will be. There will be two groups which are Heaven and Hell

43
Q

2 ways the Parable of the Sheep and the Goats teach Christians about caring for those in need

A

1) In serving and caring for others, you are serving God which shows Christians how to respond to someone in need

2) Jesus teaches that caring for others is extremely important. By showing kindness to others, Christians will be judged favourably by God and go to Heaven

44
Q

What are virtues

A

A person’s disposition towards doing good and moral actions

45
Q

4 examples of the Virtues of Jesus

A

1) Mercy and compassion when feeding the 5000
2) Kindness by healing people
3) Love and bravery by dying on the cross
4) Forgiveness by forgiving Peter

46
Q

What is grace

A

The free gift of God’s love to all people

47
Q

What is the sacramental nature of reality and what does it mean

A

The whole of reality can be seen as a sacrament. The world and everything in it is a sign of God’s love.

48
Q

What are the Seven Sacraments

A

Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Marriage, Ordination, Reconciliation and Sacrament of the Sick

49
Q

What happens at Baptism and why is it important

A

Water is poured over the head to symbolise cleansing of sins (original sin). The person becomes a child of God

50
Q

What happens at Confirmation and why is it important

A

Hands are laid on the head and anointed with oil to strengthen a person’s faith and commitment to the Church

51
Q

What happens at Eucharist and why is it important

A

Christians receive Jesus’ body and blood to receive the fullness of Christ and strengthen their relationship with Christ

52
Q

What happens at Marriage and why is it important

A

Two people are united to form one body of love by consenting. Accepting their love is the love of God active in their lives

53
Q

What happens at Ordination and why is it important

A

The bishop lays hands on a person with oil who then connects to God, becomes a priest and dedicates their life to God

54
Q

What happens at Reconciliation and why is it important

A

A person confesses their sins to the Priest for mercy and the person’s relationship with God is restored

55
Q

What happens at the Sacrament of the Sick and why is it important

A

An ill person is anointed with oil giving them strength and forgiving their sins

56
Q

Which sacraments can a person only receive once

A

Baptism, Ordination and (usually) marriage

57
Q

What is tradition

A

Verbal and oral teachings passed on over time since the Apostles. Highly trusted for standing the test of time

58
Q

Why is tradition important

A

Allows us to feel closer to Jesus as we are following the teachings he once told the apostles. It also strengthens Christianity as a religion

59
Q

What is scripture and why is it important

A
60
Q

What is the magisterium and why is it important

A
61
Q

St Irenaeus wrote that Jesus ‘revealed God to mean and presented men to God’ . What does this mean

A

Jesus showed people what God was like. People can understand what God is like through Jesus’ actions as their qualities are the same.

62
Q

What does the quote ‘Life in man is the glory of God’ mean from St Irenaeus

A

Jesus is the perfect example of a human. He was open to working with God in life which inspired humans to do the same. Man gives glory to God by living his life well.

63
Q

What does the quote ‘The Word became the steward of the Father’s grace for the advantage of men’ mean from St Irenaeus

A

Through Jesus, humans experience God’s grace

64
Q

How does Jesus to reveal God to humans

A

-God is invisible and beyond human sight and understanding

-Christians can get to know what God is like through Jesus

-Because Jesus is the Son of God, he displays God’s qualities

-Means that Christians can develop a better understanding of God’s nature through examining Jesus’ actions

65
Q

What does the phrase ‘imago dei’ mean

A

Imago dei is latin for ‘Image of God’. Humans are made in the image of God meaning all life is holy.

66
Q

What does the quote from Luke 1:39-45 “For as soon as I heard the sound of your greeting, the child in my womb leapt for joy” teach Catholics

A

Teaches the Catholic view that human life begins at the moment of conception as Elizabeth is filled with the Holy Spirit and her unborn baby reacts to the presence of Jesus

67
Q

Three reasons why the Catholic Church disagree with abortion

A

1) Life is a gift from God which should be preserved and valued

2) They believe human life begins at conception so the protection should extend to unborn foetuses

3) Humans are made in the image of God making their lie holy and worth protecting

68
Q

Two ways the Catholic Church might help to support the protection of unborn children

A

1) Support a pro-life organisation campaigning to reduce the abortion limit or ban abortion

2) Support an organisation that cares for women who have decided not to abort the child but facing emotional or financial problems as a result

69
Q

Three reasons why some people agree with abortion

A

1) It should be the mother’s decision regardless of her circumstances because it is her own body and needs

2) Could put the baby in danger if it carried on growing when it clearly isn’t healthy

3) Some believe a child’s life doesn’t start until birth so it isn’t murder

70
Q

What does Dei Verbum 4 “For He sent His Son…so that He might dwell among men and tell them of the innermost being of God” teach Catholics about Jesus

A

God is revealed and speaks through Jesus which is possible as Jesus is the Son of God who brings salvation to all people

71
Q

What does Dei Verbum 4 “Jesus Christ, the Word made flesh, was sent as a ‘man to men’.” teach Catholics about Jesus

A

The Son of God became human to live amongst other humans so that they cold better understand God

72
Q

What does Verbum Domini 12 “…the eternal word became small- small enough to fit into a manger, so that the word could be grasped by us” teach Catholics about Jesus

A

The Word (or Son) of God limited himself to human form so humans could understand God as Him and Jesus share the same qualities

73
Q

What does Verbum Domini 12 “Christ, the incarnate, crucified and risen Word of God, is Lord of all things” teach Catholics about Jesus

A

Through the human act of dying, Jesus gave himself into God’s hands leading to his resurrection and glorification as the Word of God

74
Q

What does Verbum Domini 12 “In his perfect humanity [Jesus] does the will of Father at all times”

A

Jesus always knows the will of God because he is God and he always carries out the will of God because he is the perfect human being

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