P1- Eschatology Flashcards
What parable is being shown in ‘The Last Judgement’ and how
Parable of the Sheep and Goats- Jesus promises that the Good will go to the right (Heaven) and the wicked will go to his left (Hell)
Who is shown in the middle of ‘The Last Judgement and what does this teach Catholics about the end of time
Christ is the central figure emphasising his importance as the judge of all at the end of time. People will be raised from their graves at the end of time on Judgement Day
What does ‘The Last Judgement’ painting teach Catholics about heaven
People that stick to their faith will be raised to Heaven like the saints have. Saints have perfect bodies showing Heaven makes you perfect and relieves you of harm or damage
What does ‘The Last Judgement’ painting teach Catholics about hell
Hell is shown as a place of darkness reflecting the idea that the light of Christ cannot be reached by those who have rejected God.
One other thing Catholics learn about life after death from ‘The Last Judgement’
Jesus appears to be pointing at his wounds which are the result of the punishment he faced for the sins of others
3 features found on Catholic Tombstones
-Inscribed with the letters ‘RIP’
-Shaped like a cross
-Some have an angel carved on them
Meaning of the letters ‘RIP’ on a tombstone
Expresses the hope that the person is in heaven enjoying their eternal life with God
Meaning of a tombstone being shaped like a cross
Indicates that the person believed in Jesus and expresses the hope that they will be resurrected with Jesus to eternal life
Meaning of some tombstones having an angel carved on them
Expresses the belief that all people have a guardian angel who will care for them and present them to God to be judged
2 features or symbols of Catholic monuments
-Buried in sarcophagi (highly decorated coffins) with a Chi-Rho symbol on them
-Decorated with skeletons and symbols of decay in the Middle Ages
Meaning of highly decorated coffin monuments with a Chi-Rho symbol on them
Shows the person believed in Jesus and is a reminder that Jesus died so everyone could experience eternal life in Heaven
Meaning of middle aged monuments having skeletons and symbols of decay on them
Expresses the belief that no matter how important or wealthy someone is, they face God’s judgement and death too
Two features of memorial gardens
-Designed to be areas of peace and beauty
-Quiet, reflective spaces
Meaning of memorial gardens being areas of peace and beauty
Helps mourners reflect on the peace of Heaven where they hope their lost loved one is
Meaning of memorial gardens being quiet and reflective spaces
Helps people mourn loved ones in peace and quiet where they can feel close to them
Definition of eschatology
The study of what will happen at the end of time
3 things the Bible says will happen at the end of time
-The Son of Man will come to judge the whole of creation
-The end of the current world order will lead to the creation of a new one
-The Reign of God will be established
What does the quote ‘It is sown a physical body it is raised a spiritual body” teach about life after death
Paul compares the relationship of the earthly and heavenly body to a seed and the plant growing from it. In some ways, they are the same thing, but they are also different from each other
4 things the Catholic Church teaches will happen at the end of time
-Christ will come in glory as the judge and saviour
-No one is predestined to go to Heaven or Hell (have free will to decide)
-God doesn’t send people to Hell
-People should be constantly preparing for the end of time by following Jesus’ teachings
3 things the Catholic Church advises people to do to prepare for the end of time
-Keep faith in God
-Perform good deeds
-Do not commit mortal sins
What are the Four Last Things
Death, Judgement, Heaven, Hell
What do Christians believe about death
-Death is a transition to a new phase of life
-It is not something to fear (the start of eternal life without the limitations of the earthly body)
-Whilst the body dies, the soul lives on
-The soul is judged by God and sent to Heaven, Hell or Purgatory
What do Christians believe about judgement
-After death, Catholics will be judged by God
-God considers everything the person has done in life
-Moment of truth where people have to accept responsibility for all their actions
-God’s judgement is merciful as Jesus died for all people to be saved
What do Christians believe about heaven
-State of eternal happiness in the presence of God
-God’s love removes all worries
-God wants all people to join him in Heaven but also respects our free will
-People have to choose to accept God in order to enter Heaven
What do Christians believe about hell
-State of eternal separation from God
-People send themselves to Hell, not God
-People in Hell are aware of what they threw away and exist in a state of anger at themselves
What do Catholics believe about purgatory
-The presence and overwhelming love of God makes some ashamed of the bad things they have done
-Even though God forgives their sins, they want to make up for them
-Enter Purgatory, a cleansing process to remove the effects of sin
The Parable of the Rich man and Lazarus
-A rich man had everything he wanted but never helped the poor, homeless man, Lazarus, who lay at his gates
-when they both die, the rich man goes to Hell and Lazarus goes to Heaven
-In Hell, the rich man calls to Abraham for help but nothing can be done as he has made the mistakes
4 Christian beliefs expressed in the Parable of the Rich man and Lazarus
-Showing love and kindness to others will lead people to Heaven
-Hell is a place of torment where people are cut off from any relationship with God
-Wealth makes it easier to forget others’ needs
-Faith in God and following Jesus’ teachings leads people to Heaven
Explain Catholic belief of Particular Judgement
-Immediately after death
-God judges someone on a personal and individual basis
-Judged on all the actions they took during their life
-Results in a person going to Heaven, Hell or Purgatory
Explain Catholic belief of Final Judgement
-At the end of time
-Christ will come to glory to judge creation
-After, the Reign of God will be established and everything will be perfect
-Those judged favourably, will stay with God forever in this perfect creation
Contrasting beliefs about the afterlife
-Many Christians don’t believe in Purgatory
-Some Christians believe judgement doesn’t happen immediately after death but all people wait in their graves until the second coming of Christ (Final Judgement)
What is cosmic reconciliation
The idea that, at the end of time, the whole of creation will be reconciled (brought together in harmony) with God
Explain the process of Cosmic Reconciliation
1) God the father created the universe through God the Son with all things perfectly balanced in harmony
2) Sin broke this harmony which threw the whole of creation out of balance
3) As the Son of God, Jesus destroyed the power of sin and death which had disrupted God’s perfect creation. His death and resurrection helped restore harmony to the world
4) The whole of creation will be fully restored and made perfect at the end of time. At this point, the universe will be fully reconciled with God
What does Julian of Norwich mean when they say “It was necessary that there should be sin; but all shall be well”
-Sin is a necessary consequence of free will and therefore Hell is a necessary consequence of sin
-Sin will be defeated and all things will be made perfect at the end of time
What is the ‘Anointing of the Sick’
A sacrament given to a very ill person possibly facing death
What does the action of the priest sprinkling the room and patient with holy water mean (AotS)
Reminder of Baptism
What does the action of the priest laying their hands and calling down the strength of the Holy Spirit mean (AotS)
-Holy Spirit fills a person with peace and strength to resist sin
-Gives them courage to overcome doubt and despair their illness may have caused
What does the action of the priest blessing some oil and anointing the forehead and hands of the sick mean (AotS)
-Priest is asking God to help the person
-Gives hope of a new life of either a restoration to full health in life or the promise of eternal happiness with God in Heaven
What does the action of the sick confessing their sins to the priest who forgives them mean (AotS)
Person can face the future with a clear conscience to make them feel more positive
What does the action of Holy Communion being given to the sick mean (AotS)
Christ is present with the person and supporting them through their illness
What is the ‘Commendation of the Dying’
A short service centred around the dying person receiving their last Holy Communion
What does the action of the dying person holding a crucifix mean (CotD)
A reminder they are sharing in Christ’s death
What does the action of a Bible reading and prayers (Litany of the saints) given mean (CotD)
-Reading assures the person that God is with them
-The Litany of the saints asks the Saints for their prayers as the dying person faces god’s judgement
What does the action of the dying person receiving their last Holy Communion mean (CotD)
Shows that Christ is with the person on their journey from death to new life
3 things that happen at the Reception of the Body
-Body taken to church in its coffin
-At church doors, coffin is sprinkled with holy water
-Coffin is placed beside the lit Paschal candle
What does the body being taken to its church coffin represent (RotB)
Represents the deceased person being taken back to God
What does the coffin being sprinkled with holy water represent (RotB)
-A reminder of baptism
-The person was baptised into Christ’s death and now joins in his resurrection
What does the coffin being placed by the lit Paschal candle represent (RotB)
Shows the light of the Risen Christ is shining on the person
2 things that happen at The Funeral Mass
-Priest holds a Mass often called a requiem (rest)
-Readings of the Mass focus on the effects of Christ’s resurrection
What does the priest holding a mass mean/symbolise (TFM)
The whole mass is centred around praying that the deceased is now resting in the presence of God in Heaven with all sins forgiven
What does the readings of the mass focusing on the effects of Christ’s resurrection mean/symbolise (TFM)
Reflects the belief that Christ’s death and resurrection made life after death possible by opening up heaven to those who accept God
3 things that happen at the Committal
-Priest waves the smoke from the burning incense over the coffin
-The coffin is blessed
-At the end of the mass, Priest says a prayer asking any sins of deceased to be forgiven
What does the priest waving smoke over the coffin symbolise (Committal)
Reminder that the person is returning to God
What does the coffin being blessed symbolise (Committal)
Expresses the hope that they will spend eternity in Heaven
What does the priest saying a prayer asking for their sins to be forgiven symbolise (Committal)
Expresses the hope that the deceased person will go to heaven after death
2 things that happen at the grave/in the crematorium
-The ‘Our Father’ is said
-The grave/coffin is sprinkled with holy water
What does the ‘Our Father’ being said symbolise (Grave/ crematorium)
Reflects the belief that the dead person was a child of God who has been received back into his loving care
What is the Paschal candle
A large candle with an important role in a number of church services particularly at the Easter Vigil but also at baptisms and funerals
What is the Easter Vigil
A service taking place the night before Easter Sunday, during which the resurrection of Jesus is celebrated
