(P) Introduction: Key Concepts in Ethics

Question 1

Branch of philosophy that studies morality or the rightness or wrongness of human conduct

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

Ethics is derived from the Greek word ______

Answer 2

Ethos

Question 3

Ethos means?

Answer 3

Character (singular), manners (plural)

Question 4

Code or system of behavior in regards to
standards of right or wrong behavior

Answer 4

Morality

Question 5

Explicit or understood regulations or principles
governing conduct within a specific activity or
sphere

Answer 5

Rules

Question 6

Tell us what is or is not allowed in a particular
context or situation

Answer 6

Rules

Question 7

Nations are nations of laws and the governing
principles are outlined in a ________

Answer 7

Constitution

Question 8

May refer to the standards that a person or a
group has about what is right and wrong, or good and evil

Answer 8

Morality

Question 9

Concerned with or relating to human behavior,
especially the distinction between good and bad (or right and wrong) behavior

Answer 9

Moral standards

Question 10

Rules unrelated to moral or ethical considerations; Either these standards are not necessarily linked to morality or by nature lack ethical sense

Answer 10

Non-moral standards

Question 11

A situation in which a tough choice has to be
made between two or more options, especially
more or less equally undesirable ones

Answer 11

Dilemmas

Question 12

Situations in which a difficult choice has to be
made between two courses of action, either of
which entails transgressing a moral principle

Answer 12

Moral dilemmas

Question 13

Experienced and resolved on the personal level

Answer 13

Personal dilemmas

Question 14

Encountered and resolved by social
organizations

Answer 14

Organizational dilemmas

Question 15

Involving network of institutions and operative
theoretical paradigms

Answer 15

Structural dilemmas

Question 16

Sometimes dubbed as the a question of choice.

Answer 16

Morality

Question 17

Entails that human feelings may be important in ethical decisions, but they ought to be guided by reason

Answer 17

Reason

Question 18

These are the two requirements of Morality

Answer 18

Reason and Impartiality

Question 19

Involves the idea that each individual’s interests
and point of view are equally important; Evenhandedness or fair-mindedness

Answer 19

Impartiality

Question 20

These help guarantee each person certain rights and freedom

Answer 20

Rules

Question 21

These produce a sense of justice among social beings

Answer 21

Rules

Question 22

These are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 22

Rules

Question 23

These involve serious wrongs or significant benefits

Answer 23

Moral standards

Question 24

These ought to be preferred to other values

Answer 24

Moral standards

Question 25

These are not established by authority figures

Answer 25

Moral standards

Question 26

These have the trait of universalizability

Answer 26

Moral standards

Question 27

These are based on impartial considerations

Answer 27

Moral standards

Question 28

These are associated with special emotions and vocabulary

Answer 28

Moral standards

Question 29

Only humans are _____, ______, and ______

Answer 29

Rational, autonomous, and self-conscious

Question 30

The only beings that can act morally or imorally

Answer 30

Humans

Question 31

Only they can be a part of the moral community

Answer 31

Humans

Question 32

Refers to the ability of humans to draw on the collective knowledge of humanity in a way no animal can

Answer 32

Collective cognition

Question 33

This is the foundation of morality

Answer 33

Freedom

Question 34

Refers to choosing ethical codes, values, or standards to guide us in our daily lives

Answer 34

Morality

Question 35

Who said that moral judgments must be backed by sound reasoning and that morality requires impartial consideration of all parties involved?

Answer 35

James Rachels