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Ethics > (F) Conclusion L3: Role of Religion in Ethics > Flashcards

(F) Conclusion L3: Role of Religion in Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

T or F: Religious ethics concerns beliefs and practices of what is good or bad, right or wrong, virtuous or vicious, from a the religious point of view

A

True

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2
Q

T or F: A Christian ethic may be based on the radical teachings of the religious leader Jesus Christ about loving one’s neighbor, being a good Samaritan, loving one’s enemies, being guided by the Father’s will, and the like

A

True

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3
Q

T or F: Ethics is not concerned with what is good and right for persons and society

A

False

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4
Q

Defined as people’s beliefs and opinions concerning the existence, nature, and worship of a deity or deities, and divine involvement in the universe and human life

A

Religion

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5
Q

This refers to the sacred engagement with that which is believed to be a spiritual reality, religion denotes the belief in, or the worship of, a god (or gods) and the worship or service to God or the supernaturall

A

Religion

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6
Q

T or F: Natural refers to whatever transcends the powers of nature

A

False (Supernatural)

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7
Q

T or F: Religion cannot be used interchangeably with ‘faith,’ ‘creed,’ ‘belief system,’ or ‘conviction’

A

False (It can)

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8
Q

Refers to an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to an order of existence

A

Religion

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9
Q

T or F: Some submit that the difference between religion and ethics is not about the disparity between revelation and reason

A

False (It is)

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10
Q

T or F: From a strictly secularistic perspective, ethics, on the other hand, is based on the tenets of reason.

A

False (Humanistic perspective)

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11
Q

T or F: It is said that anything that is not rationally provable cannot be deemed justifiable.

A

True

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12
Q

This claims that “Morality cannot survive, in the long run, if its ties to religion are cut.”

A

Cut-flowers thesis

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13
Q

T or F: The cut-flower thesis thus implies that those who believe that morality is a valuable human institution, and those who wish to avoid moral disaster, should not make an effort to preserve its connection with the true religion and the sound religious belief that forms its roots because it doesn’t matter

A

False (They should make an effort because it matters)

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14
Q

T or F: There has been a progressive de-Christianization during the last three or four centuries, the outcome of which “is what we see around us in the world today the moral and spiritual nihilism of the modern world, particularly of the totalitarian creeds”

A

True

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15
Q

This concerns beliefs and practices of what is good or bad, right or wrong, virtuous or vicious, from a religious point of view

A

Religious ethics

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16
Q

T or F: The religious response is what is really needed concerning the challenges posed by globalization and other contemporary issues

A

True

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17
Q

This is defined as a system of moral principles that affect how people make decisions and lead their lives

A

Ethics

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18
Q

Referring to the sacred engagement with that which is believed to be a spiritual reality, religion denotes the belief in, or the worship of, a god (or gods) and the worship or service to God or the supernatural.

A

Religion

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19
Q

Refers to whatever transcends the power of nature or human agency

A

Supernatural

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20
Q

This term is sometimes used interchangeably with ‘faith,’ ‘creed,’ ‘belief system,’ or ‘conviction’

A

Religion

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21
Q

Refers to an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to an order of existence

A

Religion

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22
Q

T or F: Many religions possess holy scriptures, narratives, or sacred accounts do not explain the origin and meaning of life and the universe.

A

False

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23
Q

The divine insights are compiled in texts and introduced as what?

A

Revelation

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24
Q

T or F: From a strictly theistic perspective, ethics is based on the tenets of reason.

A

False (humanistic perspective)

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25
Q

T or F: The definition of ethics in the humanistic perspective does not necessarily exclude religion or belief in God.

A

True

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26
Q

T or F: It is believed that human reason is a gift from the supernatural God.

A

True

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27
Q

T or F: Humanists believe that religion is necessary for the continued survival of morality.

A

False (Ethicists)

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28
Q

Which perspective of ethics says that anything that is not rationally provable cannot be deemed justifiable?

A

Humanistic perspective (Humanism)

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29
Q

T or F: Many ethicists believe that religion is necessary for the continued survival of morality as an integral part of human life, especially in a globalized world. University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK) Philosophy professor Leo Tolstoy calls this apologetic claim the ‘cut-flowers thesis’.

A

False (Glenn C. Graber)

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30
Q

This proposition is a prediction of what would happen to morality if it were severed from religion.

A

Cut-flowers thesis

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31
Q

This consists of a hypothetical judgment that, “Morality cannot survive, in the long run, if its ties to religion are cut.”

A

Cut-flower thesis

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32
Q

Who calls the claim that religion is necessary for the continued survival of morality as an integral part of human life the ‘cut-flowers thesis’?

A

Glenn C. Graber

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33
Q

“The attempts to found a morality apart from religion are like the attempts of children who, wishing to transplant a flower that pleases them, pluck it from the roots that seem to them
unpleasing and superfluous, and stick it rootless into the ground. Without religion there can be no real, sincere morality, just as without roots there can be no real flower.”

Who made this statement?

A

Leo Tolstoy

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34
Q

T or F: In 1893, Russian writer Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910) made a statement about cut-flower thesis.

A

False (1894)

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35
Q

This thus implies that those who believe that morality is a valuable human institution, and those who wish to avoid moral disaster, should therefore make every effort to preserve its connection with the true religion and the sound religious belief that forms its roots

A

Cut-flower thesis

36
Q

T or F: As morality is currently in a withering stage in this globalized era, its decline can be identified with the exorbitant Christianization of many things.

A

False (exorbitant secularization)

37
Q

He calls for an urgent action to re-unite religion and ethics.

A

Basil Willey

38
Q

T or F: Basil Wiley, a secularist, calls for urgent action to re-unite religion and ethics.

A

False (religionist)

39
Q

He holds that there has been a progressive de-Christianization during the last three or four centuries.

A

Basil Willey

40
Q

T or F: W.T. Stace, a religionist, surprisingly supports the cut-flower thesis.

A

False (secularist)

41
Q

T or F: Leo Tolstoy says that “the chaotic and bewildered state of the modern world is due to man’s loss of faith, his abandonment of God and religion.”

A

False (W.T. Stace)

42
Q

Who said that “the chaotic and
bewildered state of the modern world is due to man’s loss of faith, his abandonment of God and religion.”?

A

W.T. Stace

43
Q

T or F: Will and Ariel Durant agree with cut-thesis theory.

A

False

44
Q

T or F: Cut-flowers thesis says that the consequence of abandoning religion leads immediately to murder, rape, robbery, drunkenness, sexual promiscuity, and the like and that morality per se will soon cease to exist if its ties to religion are cut.

A

False

45
Q

T or F: To have a real ground or reason for moral action, one must admit a religious or theological foundation.

A

True

46
Q

This believes that a supernatural being called God is the foundation of morality.

A

Theistic Ethics

47
Q

T or F: God is viewed as the true source of all moral laws, and as the only plausible cause of moral obligations which possess overriding and binding character

A

True

48
Q

T or F: In theism, “X is moral” do not automatically mean “God wants us o a particular agent to do X”

A

False

49
Q

Refers to sources like revelation

A

Holy Scriptures

50
Q

Refers to God’s laws written in man’s heart

A

Conscience

51
Q

Other name for theistic ethics; can satisfactorily explain the existence of objective ethical values and the moral law.

A

Moral supernaturalism

52
Q

T or F: Moral subjectivism can justify moral values

A

False

53
Q

T or F: According to theistic ethics, only an
absolute Moral Law-Giver is a sufficient foundation for absolute moral laws;

A

True

54
Q

T or F: And, if everything is relative, then there is no good reason why anyone ought to abstain from doing anything he wishes to do, including rape, murder, and unreasonable maltreatment.

A

True

55
Q

T or F: It is denied that those who refute moral absolutes can believe in general moral principles, many of which are agreeably righteous

A

False (it is not denied)

56
Q

T or F: Only in theism are all persons held morally accountable for their actions in the real sense

A

True

57
Q

T or F: Only the ethics rooted in a Moral Law-Giver can be truly descriptive in any objective sense of the word.

A

False (perscriptive)

58
Q

This is no ethics at all as it merely tells us what people are doing, not what they ought to do

A

Descriptive ethics

59
Q

T or F: An ethics that is merely prescriptive is flawed since we see people doing all kinds of evil acts which even relativists and non-theists do not approve.

A

False (descriptive)

60
Q

This is said to be better as an ethical system in terms of explaining moral accountability.

A

Ethical supernaturalism

61
Q

T or F: Secularists have simple explanation for the “binding force” and “overriding character” of the moral obligation.

A

False (Theists)

62
Q

The meaning of religion is a compound of which two Latin words?

A

re and ligare

63
Q

The compound re and ligare means what?

A

To bind back

64
Q

This is believed to be “something above and beyond the ordinary facts of men’s behavior, and yet quite definitely real

A

Morality

65
Q

T or F: When we admit a moral law, theists explain, we also affirm a moral lawgiver

A

True

66
Q

T or F: It is still possible to think of a moral law that has a moral force on our behavior without a moral lawgiver.

A

False

67
Q

This maintains that man’s life does not end at the grave and that all persons are truly held morally accountable for all their actions.

A

Theistic ethics

68
Q

T or F: Theism expects that in the end, the scales of God’s justice will be balanced. Thus, the moral choices that we make in this life are infused with an eternal significance.

A

True

69
Q

T or F: It is noteworthy that even theist Professor Taylor, in his writings, agrees with supernaturalism

A

False (non-theist)

70
Q

He agrees that supernaturalism provides a sound basis for morality in justifying moral obligation and accountability

A

Professor Taylor

71
Q

“The idea of moral … obligation is clear enough, provided reference to some lawmaker higher … than those of the state is understood. In other words, our moral obligations … can be understood as those imposed by God. This does give a clear sense to the claim that our moral obligations are more binding upon us than our political obligations”

Who gave this definition?

A

Professor Taylor

72
Q

He, even though does not believe in God, nevertheless admits that foundations of morality is secure if God exists

A

Professor Taylor

73
Q

T or F: With reference to theism, we can reasonably say that there is no real moral accountability for one’s actions in non-theistic
ideologies

A

True

74
Q

T or F: In naturalism or secularism, human life just finds its end in the grave. Absent in non-theism is the so-called ‘life-after’.

A

True

75
Q

T or F: If life just ends at the grave as theism
suggests, then it makes no difference whether
one has lived as a villain or as a saint.

A

False (non-theism)

76
Q

He says that “If there is no immortality, then all things are permitted.”

A

Dostoyevsky

77
Q

T or F: W.T. Stace rightly said, “If there is no immortality, then all things are permitted.”

A

False (Dostoyevsky)

78
Q

T or F: In non-theism, if one is sufficiently powerful, like a Hitler or a dictator, one can just snub the dictates of conscience and live in pure self-indulgence.

A

True

79
Q

T or F: Acts of self-sacrifice still have value in a secular-naturalistic worldview

A

False (they’re valueless)

80
Q

T or F: It does not make any real difference what kind of person you are on the secularist worldview-for like animals in forests, our end is all the same, and we ultimately do not contribute to the good of the universe or the ultimate betterment of morality

A

True

81
Q

T or F: There simply is a moral value in secular
worldview as in the case of lesser beings

A

False

82
Q

Who can be highly associated with Euthyphro Dilemma?

A

Socrates, written by Plato

83
Q

He asked this question: “Is a good thing good because God desires it? Or does God desire it because it is already good?”

A

Socrates

84
Q

This therefore, fails to match theism in supplying this necessary element for a sound moral foundation.

A

Secularism

85
Q

T or F: In Euthyphro Dilemma, if one go with the latter view which says that God desires moral things because they are already good, then good and bad are independent of God’s will –and thus moral theism is incorrect.

A

True

86
Q

T or F: If theists answer that moral acts are good just because God desires them, then cruelty, torture, and maltreatment would not be good even if God desired them.

A

False

Ethics (15 decks)

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