(F) Conclusion L3: Role of Religion in Ethics

Question 1

T or F: Religious ethics concerns beliefs and practices of what is good or bad, right or wrong, virtuous or vicious, from a the religious point of view

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T or F: A Christian ethic may be based on the radical teachings of the religious leader Jesus Christ about loving one’s neighbor, being a good Samaritan, loving one’s enemies, being guided by the Father’s will, and the like

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T or F: Ethics is not concerned with what is good and right for persons and society

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Defined as people’s beliefs and opinions concerning the existence, nature, and worship of a deity or deities, and divine involvement in the universe and human life

Answer 4

Religion

Question 5

This refers to the sacred engagement with that which is believed to be a spiritual reality, religion denotes the belief in, or the worship of, a god (or gods) and the worship or service to God or the supernaturall

Answer 5

Religion

Question 6

T or F: Natural refers to whatever transcends the powers of nature

Answer 6

False (Supernatural)

Question 7

T or F: Religion cannot be used interchangeably with ‘faith,’ ‘creed,’ ‘belief system,’ or ‘conviction’

Answer 7

False (It can)

Question 8

Refers to an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to an order of existence

Answer 8

Religion

Question 9

T or F: Some submit that the difference between religion and ethics is not about the disparity between revelation and reason

Answer 9

False (It is)

Question 10

T or F: From a strictly secularistic perspective, ethics, on the other hand, is based on the tenets of reason.

Answer 10

False (Humanistic perspective)

Question 11

T or F: It is said that anything that is not rationally provable cannot be deemed justifiable.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

This claims that “Morality cannot survive, in the long run, if its ties to religion are cut.”

Answer 12

Cut-flowers thesis

Question 13

T or F: The cut-flower thesis thus implies that those who believe that morality is a valuable human institution, and those who wish to avoid moral disaster, should not make an effort to preserve its connection with the true religion and the sound religious belief that forms its roots because it doesn’t matter

Answer 13

False (They should make an effort because it matters)

Question 14

T or F: There has been a progressive de-Christianization during the last three or four centuries, the outcome of which “is what we see around us in the world today the moral and spiritual nihilism of the modern world, particularly of the totalitarian creeds”

Answer 14

True

Question 15

This concerns beliefs and practices of what is good or bad, right or wrong, virtuous or vicious, from a religious point of view

Answer 15

Religious ethics

Question 16

T or F: The religious response is what is really needed concerning the challenges posed by globalization and other contemporary issues

Answer 16

True

Question 17

This is defined as a system of moral principles that affect how people make decisions and lead their lives

Answer 17

Ethics

Question 18

Referring to the sacred engagement with that which is believed to be a spiritual reality, religion denotes the belief in, or the worship of, a god (or gods) and the worship or service to God or the supernatural.

Answer 18

Religion

Question 19

Refers to whatever transcends the power of nature or human agency

Answer 19

Supernatural

Question 20

This term is sometimes used interchangeably with ‘faith,’ ‘creed,’ ‘belief system,’ or ‘conviction’

Answer 20

Religion

Question 21

Refers to an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to an order of existence

Answer 21

Religion

Question 22

T or F: Many religions possess holy scriptures, narratives, or sacred accounts do not explain the origin and meaning of life and the universe.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

The divine insights are compiled in texts and introduced as what?

Answer 23

Revelation

Question 24

T or F: From a strictly theistic perspective, ethics is based on the tenets of reason.

Answer 24

False (humanistic perspective)

Question 25

T or F: The definition of ethics in the humanistic perspective does not necessarily exclude religion or belief in God.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

T or F: It is believed that human reason is a gift from the supernatural God.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

T or F: Humanists believe that religion is necessary for the continued survival of morality.

Answer 27

False (Ethicists)

Question 28

Which perspective of ethics says that anything that is not rationally provable cannot be deemed justifiable?

Answer 28

Humanistic perspective (Humanism)

Question 29

T or F: Many ethicists believe that religion is necessary for the continued survival of morality as an integral part of human life, especially in a globalized world. University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK) Philosophy professor Leo Tolstoy calls this apologetic claim the 'cut-flowers thesis'.

Answer 29

False (Glenn C. Graber)

Question 30

This proposition is a prediction of what would happen to morality if it were severed from religion.

Answer 30

Cut-flowers thesis

Question 31

This consists of a hypothetical judgment that, "Morality cannot survive, in the long run, if its ties to religion are cut."

Answer 31

Cut-flower thesis

Question 32

Who calls the claim that religion is necessary for the continued survival of morality as an integral part of human life the 'cut-flowers thesis'?

Answer 32

Glenn C. Graber

Question 33

"The attempts to found a morality apart from religion are like the attempts of children who, wishing to transplant a flower that pleases them, pluck it from the roots that seem to them unpleasing and superfluous, and stick it rootless into the ground. Without religion there can be no real, sincere morality, just as without roots there can be no real flower." Who made this statement?

Answer 33

Leo Tolstoy

Question 34

T or F: In 1893, Russian writer Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910) made a statement about cut-flower thesis.

Answer 34

False (1894)

Question 35

This thus implies that those who believe that morality is a valuable human institution, and those who wish to avoid moral disaster, should therefore make every effort to preserve its connection with the true religion and the sound religious belief that forms its roots

Answer 35

Cut-flower thesis

Question 36

T or F: As morality is currently in a withering stage in this globalized era, its decline can be identified with the exorbitant Christianization of many things.

Answer 36

False (exorbitant secularization)

Question 37

He calls for an urgent action to re-unite religion and ethics.

Answer 37

Basil Willey

Question 38

T or F: Basil Wiley, a secularist, calls for urgent action to re-unite religion and ethics.

Answer 38

False (religionist)

Question 39

He holds that there has been a progressive de-Christianization during the last three or four centuries.

Answer 39

Basil Willey

Question 40

T or F: W.T. Stace, a religionist, surprisingly supports the cut-flower thesis.

Answer 40

False (secularist)

Question 41

T or F: Leo Tolstoy says that "the chaotic and bewildered state of the modern world is due to man's loss of faith, his abandonment of God and religion."

Answer 41

False (W.T. Stace)

Question 42

Who said that "the chaotic and bewildered state of the modern world is due to man's loss of faith, his abandonment of God and religion."?

Answer 42

W.T. Stace

Question 43

T or F: Will and Ariel Durant agree with cut-thesis theory.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

T or F: Cut-flowers thesis says that the consequence of abandoning religion leads immediately to murder, rape, robbery, drunkenness, sexual promiscuity, and the like and that morality per se will soon cease to exist if its ties to religion are cut.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

T or F: To have a real ground or reason for moral action, one must admit a religious or theological foundation.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

This believes that a supernatural being called God is the foundation of morality.

Answer 46

Theistic Ethics

Question 47

T or F: God is viewed as the true source of all moral laws, and as the only plausible cause of moral obligations which possess overriding and binding character

Answer 47

True

Question 48

T or F: In theism, "X is moral" do not automatically mean "God wants us o a particular agent to do X"

Answer 48

False

Question 49

Refers to sources like revelation

Answer 49

Holy Scriptures

Question 50

Refers to God's laws written in man's heart

Answer 50

Conscience

Question 51

Other name for theistic ethics; can satisfactorily explain the existence of objective ethical values and the moral law.

Answer 51

Moral supernaturalism

Question 52

T or F: Moral subjectivism can justify moral values

Answer 52

False

Question 53

T or F: According to theistic ethics, only an absolute Moral Law-Giver is a sufficient foundation for absolute moral laws;

Answer 53

True

Question 54

T or F: And, if everything is relative, then there is no good reason why anyone ought to abstain from doing anything he wishes to do, including rape, murder, and unreasonable maltreatment.

Answer 54

True

Question 55

T or F: It is denied that those who refute moral absolutes can believe in general moral principles, many of which are agreeably righteous

Answer 55

False (it is not denied)

Question 56

T or F: Only in theism are all persons held morally accountable for their actions in the real sense

Answer 56

True

Question 57

T or F: Only the ethics rooted in a Moral Law-Giver can be truly descriptive in any objective sense of the word.

Answer 57

False (perscriptive)

Question 58

This is no ethics at all as it merely tells us what people are doing, not what they ought to do

Answer 58

Descriptive ethics

Question 59

T or F: An ethics that is merely prescriptive is flawed since we see people doing all kinds of evil acts which even relativists and non-theists do not approve.

Answer 59

False (descriptive)

Question 60

This is said to be better as an ethical system in terms of explaining moral accountability.

Answer 60

Ethical supernaturalism

Question 61

T or F: Secularists have simple explanation for the "binding force" and "overriding character" of the moral obligation.

Answer 61

False (Theists)

Question 62

The meaning of religion is a compound of which two Latin words?

Answer 62

re and ligare

Question 63

The compound re and ligare means what?

Answer 63

To bind back

Question 64

This is believed to be "something above and beyond the ordinary facts of men's behavior, and yet quite definitely real

Answer 64

Morality

Question 65

T or F: When we admit a moral law, theists explain, we also affirm a moral lawgiver

Answer 65

True

Question 66

T or F: It is still possible to think of a moral law that has a moral force on our behavior without a moral lawgiver.

Answer 66

False

Question 67

This maintains that man's life does not end at the grave and that all persons are truly held morally accountable for all their actions.

Answer 67

Theistic ethics

Question 68

T or F: Theism expects that in the end, the scales of God's justice will be balanced. Thus, the moral choices that we make in this life are infused with an eternal significance.

Answer 68

True

Question 69

T or F: It is noteworthy that even theist Professor Taylor, in his writings, agrees with supernaturalism

Answer 69

False (non-theist)

Question 70

He agrees that supernaturalism provides a sound basis for morality in justifying moral obligation and accountability

Answer 70

Professor Taylor

Question 71

"The idea of moral ... obligation is clear enough, provided reference to some lawmaker higher ... than those of the state is understood. In other words, our moral obligations ... can be understood as those imposed by God. This does give a clear sense to the claim that our moral obligations are more binding upon us than our political obligations" Who gave this definition?

Answer 71

Professor Taylor

Question 72

He, even though does not believe in God, nevertheless admits that foundations of morality is secure if God exists

Answer 72

Professor Taylor

Question 73

T or F: With reference to theism, we can reasonably say that there is no real moral accountability for one's actions in non-theistic ideologies

Answer 73

True

Question 74

T or F: In naturalism or secularism, human life just finds its end in the grave. Absent in non-theism is the so-called 'life-after'.

Answer 74

True

Question 75

T or F: If life just ends at the grave as theism suggests, then it makes no difference whether one has lived as a villain or as a saint.

Answer 75

False (non-theism)

Question 76

He says that "If there is no immortality, then all things are permitted."

Answer 76

Dostoyevsky

Question 77

T or F: W.T. Stace rightly said, "If there is no immortality, then all things are permitted."

Answer 77

False (Dostoyevsky)

Question 78

T or F: In non-theism, if one is sufficiently powerful, like a Hitler or a dictator, one can just snub the dictates of conscience and live in pure self-indulgence.

Answer 78

True

Question 79

T or F: Acts of self-sacrifice still have value in a secular-naturalistic worldview

Answer 79

False (they're valueless)

Question 80

T or F: It does not make any real difference what kind of person you are on the secularist worldview-for like animals in forests, our end is all the same, and we ultimately do not contribute to the good of the universe or the ultimate betterment of morality

Answer 80

True

Question 81

T or F: There simply is a moral value in secular worldview as in the case of lesser beings

Answer 81

False

Question 82

Who can be highly associated with Euthyphro Dilemma?

Answer 82

Socrates, written by Plato

Question 83

He asked this question: "Is a good thing good because God desires it? Or does God desire it because it is already good?”

Answer 83

Socrates

Question 84

This therefore, fails to match theism in supplying this necessary element for a sound moral foundation.

Answer 84

Secularism

Question 85

T or F: In Euthyphro Dilemma, if one go with the latter view which says that God desires moral things because they are already good, then good and bad are independent of God's will –and thus moral theism is incorrect.

Answer 85

True

Question 86

T or F: If theists answer that moral acts are good just because God desires them, then cruelty, torture, and maltreatment would not be good even if God desired them.

Answer 86

False